Table 3

Characteristics of high bleeding risk users of P2Y12 inhibitors

VariablesLevelClopidogrel (n = 443)Ticagrelor (n = 660)Prasugrel (n = 291)
Sex, n (%)Male261 (58.9)408 (61.8)198 (68.0)
Female182 (41.1)252 (38.2)93 (32.0)
Age, yearsMedian (IQR)78 (70–84)76 (68–81)68 (61–75)
Weight, kgMean (SD)74.4 (16.6)76.1 (16.1)78.7 (16.7)
Comorbidities
 Hypertensionn (%)281 (63.4)341 (51.7)140 (48.1)
 Hypercholesterolaemia173 (39.1)218 (33.0)116 (39.9)
 Diabetes79 (17.8)93 (14.1)37 (12.7)
 Heart failure81 (18.3)73 (11.1)49 (16.8)
 Cardiac arrhythmia130 (29.3)88 (13.3)53 (18.2)
 Chronic renal failure43 (9.7)43 (6.5)18 (6.2)
 Bleeding events163 (36.8)195 (29.5)126 (43.3)
 Peptic ulcer35 (7.9)31 (4.7)13 (4.5)
 Cancer79 (17.8)108 (16.4)42 (14.4)
 Stroke59 (13.3)29 (4.4)4 (1.4)
Prior drug use
 Acetylsalicylic acidn (%)131 (29.6)162 (24.5)81 (27.8)
 Any P2Y12 inhibitor29 (6.5)31 (4.7)14 (4.8)
 Anticoagulants68 (15.3)17 (2.6)9 (3.1)
 NSAID103 (23.3)156 (23.6)71 (24.4)
 Oral steroids43 (9.7)62 (9.4)17 (5.8)
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
 Ventricular fibrillation and/or pulseless ventricular tachycardia before PCIn (%)45 (10.2)62 (9.4)41 (14.1)
 Minutes from symptoms to PCIMedian (IQR)201 (136–299)183 (128–285)153 (118–262)
 Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), n (%)≤35%45 (32.6)65 (23.6)31 (38.3)
>35%93 (67.4)211 (76.4)50 (61.7)
 Killip class, n (%)>II18 (4.3)14 (2.2)5 (1.8)
I–II404 (95.7)618 (97.8)275 (98.2)
 Infarct location, n (%)Anterior191 (47.0)265 (43.4)123 (44.4)
Non-anterior215 (53.0)345 (56.6)154 (55.6)
 Culprit, n (%)LM/LAD203 (46.1)279 (42.5)130 (44.8)
RCA179 (40.7)279 (42.5)127 (43.8)
CX58 (13.2)99 (15.1)33 (11.4)
 Pre-TIMI, n (%)0–I288 (65.9)393 (60.1)171 (59.4)
II–III149 (34.1)261 (39.9)117 (40.6)
 Post-TIMI, n (%)0–I13 (3.0)9 (1.4)4 (1.4)
II–III422 (97.0)642 (98.6)283 (98.6)
 Intervention, n (%)Drug eluting stent249 (57.1)530 (81.0)221 (76.2)
Bare metal stent58 (13.3)11 (1.7)9 (3.1)
Stent unknown31 (7.1)0 (0.0)<4 (<1.4)
Balloon angioplasty only98 (22.5)113 (17.3)58 (20.0)
 Lesions, n (%)1 lesion359 (81.8)537 (81.6)231 (79.7)
≥2 lesions79 (18.0)120 (18.2)59 (20.3)
 Implanted stents, n (%)None103 (23.7)115 (17.5)59 (20.6)
1 stent278 (64.1)451 (68.8)210 (73.2)
≥2 stents53 (12.2)90 (13.7)18 (6.3)
 Revascularization degree according to the operator, n (%)Complete247 (56.8)384 (58.7)178 (61.4)
Incomplete–deferred85 (19.5)178 (27.2)68 (23.4)
Incomplete–finished103 (23.7)92 (14.1)44 (15.2)
Drugs within 7 days from discharge
 Acetylsalicylic acidn (%)333 (75.2)542 (82.1)240 (82.5)
 Anticoagulants82 (18.5)9 (1.4)8 (2.7)
 Proton-pump inhibitors137 (30.9)164 (24.8)53 (18.2)
 Treatment duration with first claimed P2Y12 inhibitor, n (%)≤6 months54 (12.2)160 (24.2)38 (13.1)
6–12 months389 (87.8)500 (75.8)253 (86.9)
VariablesLevelClopidogrel (n = 443)Ticagrelor (n = 660)Prasugrel (n = 291)
Sex, n (%)Male261 (58.9)408 (61.8)198 (68.0)
Female182 (41.1)252 (38.2)93 (32.0)
Age, yearsMedian (IQR)78 (70–84)76 (68–81)68 (61–75)
Weight, kgMean (SD)74.4 (16.6)76.1 (16.1)78.7 (16.7)
Comorbidities
 Hypertensionn (%)281 (63.4)341 (51.7)140 (48.1)
 Hypercholesterolaemia173 (39.1)218 (33.0)116 (39.9)
 Diabetes79 (17.8)93 (14.1)37 (12.7)
 Heart failure81 (18.3)73 (11.1)49 (16.8)
 Cardiac arrhythmia130 (29.3)88 (13.3)53 (18.2)
 Chronic renal failure43 (9.7)43 (6.5)18 (6.2)
 Bleeding events163 (36.8)195 (29.5)126 (43.3)
 Peptic ulcer35 (7.9)31 (4.7)13 (4.5)
 Cancer79 (17.8)108 (16.4)42 (14.4)
 Stroke59 (13.3)29 (4.4)4 (1.4)
Prior drug use
 Acetylsalicylic acidn (%)131 (29.6)162 (24.5)81 (27.8)
 Any P2Y12 inhibitor29 (6.5)31 (4.7)14 (4.8)
 Anticoagulants68 (15.3)17 (2.6)9 (3.1)
 NSAID103 (23.3)156 (23.6)71 (24.4)
 Oral steroids43 (9.7)62 (9.4)17 (5.8)
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
 Ventricular fibrillation and/or pulseless ventricular tachycardia before PCIn (%)45 (10.2)62 (9.4)41 (14.1)
 Minutes from symptoms to PCIMedian (IQR)201 (136–299)183 (128–285)153 (118–262)
 Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), n (%)≤35%45 (32.6)65 (23.6)31 (38.3)
>35%93 (67.4)211 (76.4)50 (61.7)
 Killip class, n (%)>II18 (4.3)14 (2.2)5 (1.8)
I–II404 (95.7)618 (97.8)275 (98.2)
 Infarct location, n (%)Anterior191 (47.0)265 (43.4)123 (44.4)
Non-anterior215 (53.0)345 (56.6)154 (55.6)
 Culprit, n (%)LM/LAD203 (46.1)279 (42.5)130 (44.8)
RCA179 (40.7)279 (42.5)127 (43.8)
CX58 (13.2)99 (15.1)33 (11.4)
 Pre-TIMI, n (%)0–I288 (65.9)393 (60.1)171 (59.4)
II–III149 (34.1)261 (39.9)117 (40.6)
 Post-TIMI, n (%)0–I13 (3.0)9 (1.4)4 (1.4)
II–III422 (97.0)642 (98.6)283 (98.6)
 Intervention, n (%)Drug eluting stent249 (57.1)530 (81.0)221 (76.2)
Bare metal stent58 (13.3)11 (1.7)9 (3.1)
Stent unknown31 (7.1)0 (0.0)<4 (<1.4)
Balloon angioplasty only98 (22.5)113 (17.3)58 (20.0)
 Lesions, n (%)1 lesion359 (81.8)537 (81.6)231 (79.7)
≥2 lesions79 (18.0)120 (18.2)59 (20.3)
 Implanted stents, n (%)None103 (23.7)115 (17.5)59 (20.6)
1 stent278 (64.1)451 (68.8)210 (73.2)
≥2 stents53 (12.2)90 (13.7)18 (6.3)
 Revascularization degree according to the operator, n (%)Complete247 (56.8)384 (58.7)178 (61.4)
Incomplete–deferred85 (19.5)178 (27.2)68 (23.4)
Incomplete–finished103 (23.7)92 (14.1)44 (15.2)
Drugs within 7 days from discharge
 Acetylsalicylic acidn (%)333 (75.2)542 (82.1)240 (82.5)
 Anticoagulants82 (18.5)9 (1.4)8 (2.7)
 Proton-pump inhibitors137 (30.9)164 (24.8)53 (18.2)
 Treatment duration with first claimed P2Y12 inhibitor, n (%)≤6 months54 (12.2)160 (24.2)38 (13.1)
6–12 months389 (87.8)500 (75.8)253 (86.9)

Missing: LVEF (37%), Killip class (2%), infarct location (4%).

CX, circumflex coronary artery; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LM, left main coronary artery; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; RCA, right coronary artery; TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.

Table 3

Characteristics of high bleeding risk users of P2Y12 inhibitors

VariablesLevelClopidogrel (n = 443)Ticagrelor (n = 660)Prasugrel (n = 291)
Sex, n (%)Male261 (58.9)408 (61.8)198 (68.0)
Female182 (41.1)252 (38.2)93 (32.0)
Age, yearsMedian (IQR)78 (70–84)76 (68–81)68 (61–75)
Weight, kgMean (SD)74.4 (16.6)76.1 (16.1)78.7 (16.7)
Comorbidities
 Hypertensionn (%)281 (63.4)341 (51.7)140 (48.1)
 Hypercholesterolaemia173 (39.1)218 (33.0)116 (39.9)
 Diabetes79 (17.8)93 (14.1)37 (12.7)
 Heart failure81 (18.3)73 (11.1)49 (16.8)
 Cardiac arrhythmia130 (29.3)88 (13.3)53 (18.2)
 Chronic renal failure43 (9.7)43 (6.5)18 (6.2)
 Bleeding events163 (36.8)195 (29.5)126 (43.3)
 Peptic ulcer35 (7.9)31 (4.7)13 (4.5)
 Cancer79 (17.8)108 (16.4)42 (14.4)
 Stroke59 (13.3)29 (4.4)4 (1.4)
Prior drug use
 Acetylsalicylic acidn (%)131 (29.6)162 (24.5)81 (27.8)
 Any P2Y12 inhibitor29 (6.5)31 (4.7)14 (4.8)
 Anticoagulants68 (15.3)17 (2.6)9 (3.1)
 NSAID103 (23.3)156 (23.6)71 (24.4)
 Oral steroids43 (9.7)62 (9.4)17 (5.8)
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
 Ventricular fibrillation and/or pulseless ventricular tachycardia before PCIn (%)45 (10.2)62 (9.4)41 (14.1)
 Minutes from symptoms to PCIMedian (IQR)201 (136–299)183 (128–285)153 (118–262)
 Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), n (%)≤35%45 (32.6)65 (23.6)31 (38.3)
>35%93 (67.4)211 (76.4)50 (61.7)
 Killip class, n (%)>II18 (4.3)14 (2.2)5 (1.8)
I–II404 (95.7)618 (97.8)275 (98.2)
 Infarct location, n (%)Anterior191 (47.0)265 (43.4)123 (44.4)
Non-anterior215 (53.0)345 (56.6)154 (55.6)
 Culprit, n (%)LM/LAD203 (46.1)279 (42.5)130 (44.8)
RCA179 (40.7)279 (42.5)127 (43.8)
CX58 (13.2)99 (15.1)33 (11.4)
 Pre-TIMI, n (%)0–I288 (65.9)393 (60.1)171 (59.4)
II–III149 (34.1)261 (39.9)117 (40.6)
 Post-TIMI, n (%)0–I13 (3.0)9 (1.4)4 (1.4)
II–III422 (97.0)642 (98.6)283 (98.6)
 Intervention, n (%)Drug eluting stent249 (57.1)530 (81.0)221 (76.2)
Bare metal stent58 (13.3)11 (1.7)9 (3.1)
Stent unknown31 (7.1)0 (0.0)<4 (<1.4)
Balloon angioplasty only98 (22.5)113 (17.3)58 (20.0)
 Lesions, n (%)1 lesion359 (81.8)537 (81.6)231 (79.7)
≥2 lesions79 (18.0)120 (18.2)59 (20.3)
 Implanted stents, n (%)None103 (23.7)115 (17.5)59 (20.6)
1 stent278 (64.1)451 (68.8)210 (73.2)
≥2 stents53 (12.2)90 (13.7)18 (6.3)
 Revascularization degree according to the operator, n (%)Complete247 (56.8)384 (58.7)178 (61.4)
Incomplete–deferred85 (19.5)178 (27.2)68 (23.4)
Incomplete–finished103 (23.7)92 (14.1)44 (15.2)
Drugs within 7 days from discharge
 Acetylsalicylic acidn (%)333 (75.2)542 (82.1)240 (82.5)
 Anticoagulants82 (18.5)9 (1.4)8 (2.7)
 Proton-pump inhibitors137 (30.9)164 (24.8)53 (18.2)
 Treatment duration with first claimed P2Y12 inhibitor, n (%)≤6 months54 (12.2)160 (24.2)38 (13.1)
6–12 months389 (87.8)500 (75.8)253 (86.9)
VariablesLevelClopidogrel (n = 443)Ticagrelor (n = 660)Prasugrel (n = 291)
Sex, n (%)Male261 (58.9)408 (61.8)198 (68.0)
Female182 (41.1)252 (38.2)93 (32.0)
Age, yearsMedian (IQR)78 (70–84)76 (68–81)68 (61–75)
Weight, kgMean (SD)74.4 (16.6)76.1 (16.1)78.7 (16.7)
Comorbidities
 Hypertensionn (%)281 (63.4)341 (51.7)140 (48.1)
 Hypercholesterolaemia173 (39.1)218 (33.0)116 (39.9)
 Diabetes79 (17.8)93 (14.1)37 (12.7)
 Heart failure81 (18.3)73 (11.1)49 (16.8)
 Cardiac arrhythmia130 (29.3)88 (13.3)53 (18.2)
 Chronic renal failure43 (9.7)43 (6.5)18 (6.2)
 Bleeding events163 (36.8)195 (29.5)126 (43.3)
 Peptic ulcer35 (7.9)31 (4.7)13 (4.5)
 Cancer79 (17.8)108 (16.4)42 (14.4)
 Stroke59 (13.3)29 (4.4)4 (1.4)
Prior drug use
 Acetylsalicylic acidn (%)131 (29.6)162 (24.5)81 (27.8)
 Any P2Y12 inhibitor29 (6.5)31 (4.7)14 (4.8)
 Anticoagulants68 (15.3)17 (2.6)9 (3.1)
 NSAID103 (23.3)156 (23.6)71 (24.4)
 Oral steroids43 (9.7)62 (9.4)17 (5.8)
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
 Ventricular fibrillation and/or pulseless ventricular tachycardia before PCIn (%)45 (10.2)62 (9.4)41 (14.1)
 Minutes from symptoms to PCIMedian (IQR)201 (136–299)183 (128–285)153 (118–262)
 Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), n (%)≤35%45 (32.6)65 (23.6)31 (38.3)
>35%93 (67.4)211 (76.4)50 (61.7)
 Killip class, n (%)>II18 (4.3)14 (2.2)5 (1.8)
I–II404 (95.7)618 (97.8)275 (98.2)
 Infarct location, n (%)Anterior191 (47.0)265 (43.4)123 (44.4)
Non-anterior215 (53.0)345 (56.6)154 (55.6)
 Culprit, n (%)LM/LAD203 (46.1)279 (42.5)130 (44.8)
RCA179 (40.7)279 (42.5)127 (43.8)
CX58 (13.2)99 (15.1)33 (11.4)
 Pre-TIMI, n (%)0–I288 (65.9)393 (60.1)171 (59.4)
II–III149 (34.1)261 (39.9)117 (40.6)
 Post-TIMI, n (%)0–I13 (3.0)9 (1.4)4 (1.4)
II–III422 (97.0)642 (98.6)283 (98.6)
 Intervention, n (%)Drug eluting stent249 (57.1)530 (81.0)221 (76.2)
Bare metal stent58 (13.3)11 (1.7)9 (3.1)
Stent unknown31 (7.1)0 (0.0)<4 (<1.4)
Balloon angioplasty only98 (22.5)113 (17.3)58 (20.0)
 Lesions, n (%)1 lesion359 (81.8)537 (81.6)231 (79.7)
≥2 lesions79 (18.0)120 (18.2)59 (20.3)
 Implanted stents, n (%)None103 (23.7)115 (17.5)59 (20.6)
1 stent278 (64.1)451 (68.8)210 (73.2)
≥2 stents53 (12.2)90 (13.7)18 (6.3)
 Revascularization degree according to the operator, n (%)Complete247 (56.8)384 (58.7)178 (61.4)
Incomplete–deferred85 (19.5)178 (27.2)68 (23.4)
Incomplete–finished103 (23.7)92 (14.1)44 (15.2)
Drugs within 7 days from discharge
 Acetylsalicylic acidn (%)333 (75.2)542 (82.1)240 (82.5)
 Anticoagulants82 (18.5)9 (1.4)8 (2.7)
 Proton-pump inhibitors137 (30.9)164 (24.8)53 (18.2)
 Treatment duration with first claimed P2Y12 inhibitor, n (%)≤6 months54 (12.2)160 (24.2)38 (13.1)
6–12 months389 (87.8)500 (75.8)253 (86.9)

Missing: LVEF (37%), Killip class (2%), infarct location (4%).

CX, circumflex coronary artery; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LM, left main coronary artery; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; RCA, right coronary artery; TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.

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