Table 3. Open in new tab Balance across...

	(1)	(2)	(1)–(2)	(3)	(4)	(3)–(4)
Health:
Complications	0.84	1.03	−0.19	1.09	1.19	−0.10
	(1.08)	(1.13)	(−2.23)	(1.18)	(1.20)	(−2.04)
Insulin	0.10	0.10	0.00	0.08	0.18	−0.10
	(0.30)	(0.29)	(0.02)	(0.28)	(0.39)	(−6.92)
Diabetes duration (years)	8.88	9.32	−0.44	8.19	10.10	−1.91
	(8.18)	(8.12)	(−0.72)	(8.46)	(9.35)	(−5.11)
Smoking	0.30	0.27	0.03	0.36	0.33	0.03
	(0.46)	(0.44)	(1.02)	(0.48)	(0.47)	(1.50)
Hypertension	0.42	0.47	−0.04	0.43	0.53	−0.09
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−1.13)	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−4.56)
High cholesterol	0.22	0.26	−0.04	0.21	0.27	−0.06
	(0.42)	(0.44)	(−1.22)	(0.41)	(0.44)	(−3.33)
Alcohol	0.43	0.37	0.05	0.26	0.16	0.09
	(0.50)	(0.48)	(1.48)	(0.44)	(0.37)	(5.63)
Demographics:
Age	57.41	58.39	−0.98	56.30	59.82	−3.53
	(12.81)	(12.69)	(−1.02)	(13.13)	(12.26)	(−6.70)
Sex (male)	0.39	0.36	0.02	0.43	0.32	0.11
	(0.49)	(0.48)	(0.68)	(0.49)	(0.47)	(5.35)
Height (m)	1.57	1.56	0.01	1.57	1.56	0.01
	(0.10)	(0.09)	(1.92)	(0.10)	(0.09)	(3.29)
Weight (kg)	73.63	72.18	1.45	73.62	72.67	0.95
	(15.93)	(14.74)	(1.28)	(16.26)	(15.12)	(1.47)
Waist measurement (m)	1.01	1.01	0.00	1.00	1.00	−0.01
	(0.12)	(0.13)	(0.01)	(0.13)	(0.13)	(−1.07)
Less than primary school	0.12	0.15	−0.04	0.13	0.13	−0.01
	(0.32)	(0.36)	(−1.34)	(0.33)	(0.34)	(−0.41)
Primary school	0.52	0.60	−0.09	0.45	0.57	−0.12
	(0.50)	(0.49)	(−2.38)	(0.50)	(0.49)	(−5.86)
Secondary school	0.10	0.10	0.00	0.16	0.17	−0.01
	(0.31)	(0.31)	(0.04)	(0.37)	(0.37)	(−0.37)
Some college or more	0.26	0.14	0.12	0.26	0.13	0.13
	(0.44)	(0.35)	(4.40)	(0.44)	(0.33)	(8.30)
Working	0.34	0.27	0.07	0.41	0.29	0.13
	(0.48)	(0.44)	(2.17)	(0.49)	(0.45)	(6.55)
Not working	0.55	0.57	−0.02	0.47	0.57	−0.09
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−0.49)	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−4.58)
Retired	0.10	0.16	−0.06	0.11	0.14	−0.03
	(0.31)	(0.37)	(−2.08)	(0.31)	(0.35)	(−2.39)
Urban	0.92	0.88	0.04	0.78	0.75	0.03
	(0.28)	(0.33)	(1.61)	(0.42)	(0.43)	(1.61)

(1)

(2)

(1)–(2)

(3)

(4)

(3)–(4)

Pre|$\times$|Control

Pre|$\times$|IMSS

Post|$\times$|Control

Post|$\times$|IMSS

Health:

Complications

0.84

1.03

−0.19

1.09

1.19

−0.10

(1.08)

(1.13)

(−2.23)

(1.18)

(1.20)

(−2.04)

Insulin

0.10

0.00

0.08

0.18

−0.10

(0.30)

(0.29)

(0.02)

(0.28)

(0.39)

(−6.92)

Diabetes duration (years)

8.88

9.32

−0.44

8.19

10.10

−1.91

(8.18)

(8.12)

(−0.72)

(8.46)

(9.35)

(−5.11)

Smoking

0.30

0.27

0.03

0.36

0.33

0.03

(0.46)

(0.44)

(1.02)

(0.48)

(0.47)

(1.50)

Hypertension

0.42

0.47

−0.04

0.43

0.53

−0.09

(0.50)

(−1.13)

(0.50)

(−4.56)

High cholesterol

0.22

0.26

−0.04

0.21

0.27

−0.06

(0.42)

(0.44)

(−1.22)

(0.41)

(0.44)

(−3.33)

Alcohol

0.43

0.37

0.05

0.26

0.16

0.09

(0.50)

(0.48)

(1.48)

(0.44)

(0.37)

(5.63)

Demographics:

Age

57.41

58.39

−0.98

56.30

59.82

−3.53

(12.81)

(12.69)

(−1.02)

(13.13)

(12.26)

(−6.70)

Sex (male)

0.39

0.36

0.02

0.43

0.32

0.11

(0.49)

(0.48)

(0.68)

(0.49)

(0.47)

(5.35)

Height (m)

1.57

1.56

0.01

1.57

1.56

0.01

(0.10)

(0.09)

(1.92)

(0.10)

(0.09)

(3.29)

Weight (kg)

73.63

72.18

1.45

73.62

72.67

0.95

(15.93)

(14.74)

(1.28)

(16.26)

(15.12)

(1.47)

Waist measurement (m)

1.01

0.00

1.00

−0.01

(0.12)

(0.13)

(0.01)

(0.13)

(−1.07)

Less than primary school

0.12

0.15

−0.04

0.13

−0.01

(0.32)

(0.36)

(−1.34)

(0.33)

(0.34)

(−0.41)

Primary school

0.52

0.60

−0.09

0.45

0.57

−0.12

(0.50)

(0.49)

(−2.38)

(0.50)

(0.49)

(−5.86)

Secondary school

0.10

0.00

0.16

0.17

−0.01

(0.31)

(0.04)

(0.37)

(−0.37)

Some college or more

0.26

0.14

0.12

0.26

0.13

(0.44)

(0.35)

(4.40)

(0.44)

(0.33)

(8.30)

Working

0.34

0.27

0.07

0.41

0.29

0.13

(0.48)

(0.44)

(2.17)

(0.49)

(0.45)

(6.55)

Not working

0.55

0.57

−0.02

0.47

0.57

−0.09

(0.50)

(−0.49)

(0.50)

(−4.58)

Retired

0.10

0.16

−0.06

0.11

0.14

−0.03

(0.31)

(0.37)

(−2.08)

(0.31)

(0.35)

(−2.39)

Urban

0.92

0.88

0.04

0.78

0.75

0.03

(0.28)

(0.33)

(1.61)

(0.42)

(0.43)

(1.61)

	(1)	(2)	(1)–(2)	(3)	(4)	(3)–(4)
Health:
Complications	0.84	1.03	−0.19	1.09	1.19	−0.10
	(1.08)	(1.13)	(−2.23)	(1.18)	(1.20)	(−2.04)
Insulin	0.10	0.10	0.00	0.08	0.18	−0.10
	(0.30)	(0.29)	(0.02)	(0.28)	(0.39)	(−6.92)
Diabetes duration (years)	8.88	9.32	−0.44	8.19	10.10	−1.91
	(8.18)	(8.12)	(−0.72)	(8.46)	(9.35)	(−5.11)
Smoking	0.30	0.27	0.03	0.36	0.33	0.03
	(0.46)	(0.44)	(1.02)	(0.48)	(0.47)	(1.50)
Hypertension	0.42	0.47	−0.04	0.43	0.53	−0.09
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−1.13)	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−4.56)
High cholesterol	0.22	0.26	−0.04	0.21	0.27	−0.06
	(0.42)	(0.44)	(−1.22)	(0.41)	(0.44)	(−3.33)
Alcohol	0.43	0.37	0.05	0.26	0.16	0.09
	(0.50)	(0.48)	(1.48)	(0.44)	(0.37)	(5.63)
Demographics:
Age	57.41	58.39	−0.98	56.30	59.82	−3.53
	(12.81)	(12.69)	(−1.02)	(13.13)	(12.26)	(−6.70)
Sex (male)	0.39	0.36	0.02	0.43	0.32	0.11
	(0.49)	(0.48)	(0.68)	(0.49)	(0.47)	(5.35)
Height (m)	1.57	1.56	0.01	1.57	1.56	0.01
	(0.10)	(0.09)	(1.92)	(0.10)	(0.09)	(3.29)
Weight (kg)	73.63	72.18	1.45	73.62	72.67	0.95
	(15.93)	(14.74)	(1.28)	(16.26)	(15.12)	(1.47)
Waist measurement (m)	1.01	1.01	0.00	1.00	1.00	−0.01
	(0.12)	(0.13)	(0.01)	(0.13)	(0.13)	(−1.07)
Less than primary school	0.12	0.15	−0.04	0.13	0.13	−0.01
	(0.32)	(0.36)	(−1.34)	(0.33)	(0.34)	(−0.41)
Primary school	0.52	0.60	−0.09	0.45	0.57	−0.12
	(0.50)	(0.49)	(−2.38)	(0.50)	(0.49)	(−5.86)
Secondary school	0.10	0.10	0.00	0.16	0.17	−0.01
	(0.31)	(0.31)	(0.04)	(0.37)	(0.37)	(−0.37)
Some college or more	0.26	0.14	0.12	0.26	0.13	0.13
	(0.44)	(0.35)	(4.40)	(0.44)	(0.33)	(8.30)
Working	0.34	0.27	0.07	0.41	0.29	0.13
	(0.48)	(0.44)	(2.17)	(0.49)	(0.45)	(6.55)
Not working	0.55	0.57	−0.02	0.47	0.57	−0.09
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−0.49)	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−4.58)
Retired	0.10	0.16	−0.06	0.11	0.14	−0.03
	(0.31)	(0.37)	(−2.08)	(0.31)	(0.35)	(−2.39)
Urban	0.92	0.88	0.04	0.78	0.75	0.03
	(0.28)	(0.33)	(1.61)	(0.42)	(0.43)	(1.61)

Table 3.

Open in new tab

Balance across groups, ENSANUT data.

	(1)	(2)	(1)–(2)	(3)	(4)	(3)–(4)
	Pre\|$\times$\|Control	Pre\|$\times$\|IMSS		Post\|$\times$\|Control	Post\|$\times$\|IMSS
Health:
Complications	0.84	1.03	−0.19	1.09	1.19	−0.10
	(1.08)	(1.13)	(−2.23)	(1.18)	(1.20)	(−2.04)
Insulin	0.10	0.10	0.00	0.08	0.18	−0.10
	(0.30)	(0.29)	(0.02)	(0.28)	(0.39)	(−6.92)
Diabetes duration (years)	8.88	9.32	−0.44	8.19	10.10	−1.91
	(8.18)	(8.12)	(−0.72)	(8.46)	(9.35)	(−5.11)
Smoking	0.30	0.27	0.03	0.36	0.33	0.03
	(0.46)	(0.44)	(1.02)	(0.48)	(0.47)	(1.50)
Hypertension	0.42	0.47	−0.04	0.43	0.53	−0.09
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−1.13)	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−4.56)
High cholesterol	0.22	0.26	−0.04	0.21	0.27	−0.06
	(0.42)	(0.44)	(−1.22)	(0.41)	(0.44)	(−3.33)
Alcohol	0.43	0.37	0.05	0.26	0.16	0.09
	(0.50)	(0.48)	(1.48)	(0.44)	(0.37)	(5.63)
Demographics:
Age	57.41	58.39	−0.98	56.30	59.82	−3.53
	(12.81)	(12.69)	(−1.02)	(13.13)	(12.26)	(−6.70)
Sex (male)	0.39	0.36	0.02	0.43	0.32	0.11
	(0.49)	(0.48)	(0.68)	(0.49)	(0.47)	(5.35)
Height (m)	1.57	1.56	0.01	1.57	1.56	0.01
	(0.10)	(0.09)	(1.92)	(0.10)	(0.09)	(3.29)
Weight (kg)	73.63	72.18	1.45	73.62	72.67	0.95
	(15.93)	(14.74)	(1.28)	(16.26)	(15.12)	(1.47)
Waist measurement (m)	1.01	1.01	0.00	1.00	1.00	−0.01
	(0.12)	(0.13)	(0.01)	(0.13)	(0.13)	(−1.07)
Less than primary school	0.12	0.15	−0.04	0.13	0.13	−0.01
	(0.32)	(0.36)	(−1.34)	(0.33)	(0.34)	(−0.41)
Primary school	0.52	0.60	−0.09	0.45	0.57	−0.12
	(0.50)	(0.49)	(−2.38)	(0.50)	(0.49)	(−5.86)
Secondary school	0.10	0.10	0.00	0.16	0.17	−0.01
	(0.31)	(0.31)	(0.04)	(0.37)	(0.37)	(−0.37)
Some college or more	0.26	0.14	0.12	0.26	0.13	0.13
	(0.44)	(0.35)	(4.40)	(0.44)	(0.33)	(8.30)
Working	0.34	0.27	0.07	0.41	0.29	0.13
	(0.48)	(0.44)	(2.17)	(0.49)	(0.45)	(6.55)
Not working	0.55	0.57	−0.02	0.47	0.57	−0.09
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−0.49)	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−4.58)
Retired	0.10	0.16	−0.06	0.11	0.14	−0.03
	(0.31)	(0.37)	(−2.08)	(0.31)	(0.35)	(−2.39)
Urban	0.92	0.88	0.04	0.78	0.75	0.03
	(0.28)	(0.33)	(1.61)	(0.42)	(0.43)	(1.61)

	(1)	(2)	(1)–(2)	(3)	(4)	(3)–(4)
	Pre\|$\times$\|Control	Pre\|$\times$\|IMSS		Post\|$\times$\|Control	Post\|$\times$\|IMSS
Health:
Complications	0.84	1.03	−0.19	1.09	1.19	−0.10
	(1.08)	(1.13)	(−2.23)	(1.18)	(1.20)	(−2.04)
Insulin	0.10	0.10	0.00	0.08	0.18	−0.10
	(0.30)	(0.29)	(0.02)	(0.28)	(0.39)	(−6.92)
Diabetes duration (years)	8.88	9.32	−0.44	8.19	10.10	−1.91
	(8.18)	(8.12)	(−0.72)	(8.46)	(9.35)	(−5.11)
Smoking	0.30	0.27	0.03	0.36	0.33	0.03
	(0.46)	(0.44)	(1.02)	(0.48)	(0.47)	(1.50)
Hypertension	0.42	0.47	−0.04	0.43	0.53	−0.09
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−1.13)	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−4.56)
High cholesterol	0.22	0.26	−0.04	0.21	0.27	−0.06
	(0.42)	(0.44)	(−1.22)	(0.41)	(0.44)	(−3.33)
Alcohol	0.43	0.37	0.05	0.26	0.16	0.09
	(0.50)	(0.48)	(1.48)	(0.44)	(0.37)	(5.63)
Demographics:
Age	57.41	58.39	−0.98	56.30	59.82	−3.53
	(12.81)	(12.69)	(−1.02)	(13.13)	(12.26)	(−6.70)
Sex (male)	0.39	0.36	0.02	0.43	0.32	0.11
	(0.49)	(0.48)	(0.68)	(0.49)	(0.47)	(5.35)
Height (m)	1.57	1.56	0.01	1.57	1.56	0.01
	(0.10)	(0.09)	(1.92)	(0.10)	(0.09)	(3.29)
Weight (kg)	73.63	72.18	1.45	73.62	72.67	0.95
	(15.93)	(14.74)	(1.28)	(16.26)	(15.12)	(1.47)
Waist measurement (m)	1.01	1.01	0.00	1.00	1.00	−0.01
	(0.12)	(0.13)	(0.01)	(0.13)	(0.13)	(−1.07)
Less than primary school	0.12	0.15	−0.04	0.13	0.13	−0.01
	(0.32)	(0.36)	(−1.34)	(0.33)	(0.34)	(−0.41)
Primary school	0.52	0.60	−0.09	0.45	0.57	−0.12
	(0.50)	(0.49)	(−2.38)	(0.50)	(0.49)	(−5.86)
Secondary school	0.10	0.10	0.00	0.16	0.17	−0.01
	(0.31)	(0.31)	(0.04)	(0.37)	(0.37)	(−0.37)
Some college or more	0.26	0.14	0.12	0.26	0.13	0.13
	(0.44)	(0.35)	(4.40)	(0.44)	(0.33)	(8.30)
Working	0.34	0.27	0.07	0.41	0.29	0.13
	(0.48)	(0.44)	(2.17)	(0.49)	(0.45)	(6.55)
Not working	0.55	0.57	−0.02	0.47	0.57	−0.09
	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−0.49)	(0.50)	(0.50)	(−4.58)
Retired	0.10	0.16	−0.06	0.11	0.14	−0.03
	(0.31)	(0.37)	(−2.08)	(0.31)	(0.35)	(−2.39)
Urban	0.92	0.88	0.04	0.78	0.75	0.03
	(0.28)	(0.33)	(1.61)	(0.42)	(0.43)	(1.61)

Notes: This table presents summary statistics for health and demographic variables before and after the collapse of the insulin cartel. Columns (1)–(4) give means with standard deviations below. Columns (1)–(2) and (3)–(4) give the differences in means with the associated t-statistic in parentheses below.

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