| . | All patients (n = 45) . | Patients alive at hospital discharge (n = 32) . | Patients died during hospitalization (n = 13) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of shocks for ES: | ||||
| − <5 shocks | 24 (53.3) | 17 (53.1) | 7 (53.8) | |
| − 5–10 shocks | 8 (17.8) | 5 (15.6) | 3 (23.1) | 0.825 |
| − >10 shocks | 13 (28.9) | 10 (31.2) | 3 (23.1) | |
| Trigger factor: | 17 (37.8) | 12 (37.5) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| − Heart failure | 11 (24.4) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (30.8) | 0.244 |
| − Hypokalaemia | 3 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| − Acute coronary syndrome | 3 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| − Infection | 1 (2.2) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| − Anti-arrhythmic drugs interruption and hyperthyroidism | 1 (2.2) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| − VT ablation | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| Anti-arrhythmic drugs used: | ||||
| − Beta blockers | 29 (64.4) | 21 (65.6) | 8 (61.5) | 1.000 |
| − Amiodarone | 42 (93.3) | 30 (93.8) | 12 (92.3) | 1.000 |
| − Lidocaine | 21 (46.7) | 16 (50.0) | 5 (38.5) | 0.528 |
| − Flecainide | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| − Magnesium sulfate | 22 (48.9) | 16 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| Deep sedation | 19 (42.2) | 14 (43.8) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| Invasive haemodynamic support | 22 (48.9) | 16 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| − ECMO | 16 (35.6) | 12 (37.5) | 4 (30.8) | 0.743 |
| − IABP | 6 (13.3) | 4 (12.5) | 2 (15.4) | 1.000 |
| VT ablation | 9 (20.0) | 5 (15.6) | 4 (30.8) | 0.411 |
| Neuraxial modulation (stellate ganglion blockade) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| . | All patients (n = 45) . | Patients alive at hospital discharge (n = 32) . | Patients died during hospitalization (n = 13) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of shocks for ES: | ||||
| − <5 shocks | 24 (53.3) | 17 (53.1) | 7 (53.8) | |
| − 5–10 shocks | 8 (17.8) | 5 (15.6) | 3 (23.1) | 0.825 |
| − >10 shocks | 13 (28.9) | 10 (31.2) | 3 (23.1) | |
| Trigger factor: | 17 (37.8) | 12 (37.5) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| − Heart failure | 11 (24.4) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (30.8) | 0.244 |
| − Hypokalaemia | 3 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| − Acute coronary syndrome | 3 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| − Infection | 1 (2.2) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| − Anti-arrhythmic drugs interruption and hyperthyroidism | 1 (2.2) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| − VT ablation | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| Anti-arrhythmic drugs used: | ||||
| − Beta blockers | 29 (64.4) | 21 (65.6) | 8 (61.5) | 1.000 |
| − Amiodarone | 42 (93.3) | 30 (93.8) | 12 (92.3) | 1.000 |
| − Lidocaine | 21 (46.7) | 16 (50.0) | 5 (38.5) | 0.528 |
| − Flecainide | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| − Magnesium sulfate | 22 (48.9) | 16 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| Deep sedation | 19 (42.2) | 14 (43.8) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| Invasive haemodynamic support | 22 (48.9) | 16 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| − ECMO | 16 (35.6) | 12 (37.5) | 4 (30.8) | 0.743 |
| − IABP | 6 (13.3) | 4 (12.5) | 2 (15.4) | 1.000 |
| VT ablation | 9 (20.0) | 5 (15.6) | 4 (30.8) | 0.411 |
| Neuraxial modulation (stellate ganglion blockade) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ES, electrical storm; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; VT, ventricular tachycardia.
| . | All patients (n = 45) . | Patients alive at hospital discharge (n = 32) . | Patients died during hospitalization (n = 13) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of shocks for ES: | ||||
| − <5 shocks | 24 (53.3) | 17 (53.1) | 7 (53.8) | |
| − 5–10 shocks | 8 (17.8) | 5 (15.6) | 3 (23.1) | 0.825 |
| − >10 shocks | 13 (28.9) | 10 (31.2) | 3 (23.1) | |
| Trigger factor: | 17 (37.8) | 12 (37.5) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| − Heart failure | 11 (24.4) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (30.8) | 0.244 |
| − Hypokalaemia | 3 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| − Acute coronary syndrome | 3 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| − Infection | 1 (2.2) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| − Anti-arrhythmic drugs interruption and hyperthyroidism | 1 (2.2) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| − VT ablation | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| Anti-arrhythmic drugs used: | ||||
| − Beta blockers | 29 (64.4) | 21 (65.6) | 8 (61.5) | 1.000 |
| − Amiodarone | 42 (93.3) | 30 (93.8) | 12 (92.3) | 1.000 |
| − Lidocaine | 21 (46.7) | 16 (50.0) | 5 (38.5) | 0.528 |
| − Flecainide | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| − Magnesium sulfate | 22 (48.9) | 16 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| Deep sedation | 19 (42.2) | 14 (43.8) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| Invasive haemodynamic support | 22 (48.9) | 16 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| − ECMO | 16 (35.6) | 12 (37.5) | 4 (30.8) | 0.743 |
| − IABP | 6 (13.3) | 4 (12.5) | 2 (15.4) | 1.000 |
| VT ablation | 9 (20.0) | 5 (15.6) | 4 (30.8) | 0.411 |
| Neuraxial modulation (stellate ganglion blockade) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| . | All patients (n = 45) . | Patients alive at hospital discharge (n = 32) . | Patients died during hospitalization (n = 13) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of shocks for ES: | ||||
| − <5 shocks | 24 (53.3) | 17 (53.1) | 7 (53.8) | |
| − 5–10 shocks | 8 (17.8) | 5 (15.6) | 3 (23.1) | 0.825 |
| − >10 shocks | 13 (28.9) | 10 (31.2) | 3 (23.1) | |
| Trigger factor: | 17 (37.8) | 12 (37.5) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| − Heart failure | 11 (24.4) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (30.8) | 0.244 |
| − Hypokalaemia | 3 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| − Acute coronary syndrome | 3 (6.7) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1.000 |
| − Infection | 1 (2.2) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| − Anti-arrhythmic drugs interruption and hyperthyroidism | 1 (2.2) | 1 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| − VT ablation | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| Anti-arrhythmic drugs used: | ||||
| − Beta blockers | 29 (64.4) | 21 (65.6) | 8 (61.5) | 1.000 |
| − Amiodarone | 42 (93.3) | 30 (93.8) | 12 (92.3) | 1.000 |
| − Lidocaine | 21 (46.7) | 16 (50.0) | 5 (38.5) | 0.528 |
| − Flecainide | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
| − Magnesium sulfate | 22 (48.9) | 16 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| Deep sedation | 19 (42.2) | 14 (43.8) | 5 (38.5) | 1.000 |
| Invasive haemodynamic support | 22 (48.9) | 16 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 1.000 |
| − ECMO | 16 (35.6) | 12 (37.5) | 4 (30.8) | 0.743 |
| − IABP | 6 (13.3) | 4 (12.5) | 2 (15.4) | 1.000 |
| VT ablation | 9 (20.0) | 5 (15.6) | 4 (30.8) | 0.411 |
| Neuraxial modulation (stellate ganglion blockade) | 1 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.7) | 0.289 |
ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ES, electrical storm; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; VT, ventricular tachycardia.
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