Table 3: Open in new tab Differences in...

		(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
AUT	MG vs MiG	—	—	–0.0911*	—	0.183	–0.0300	0.0613
	MiG vs MnG	—	—	0.0738*	—	0.970***	0.0560	0.142**
BEL	MG vs MiG	–0.0937*	0.154***	–0.0473	0.00688	0.0631	0.0613	0.00567
	MiG vs MnG	–0.172***	0.263***	0.0378	0.335***	1.092***	0.0820 ^#	0.262***
CAN	MG vs MiG	—	—	–0.0840***	0.196***	0.403***	0.0839***	0.0206
	MiG vs MnG	—	—	0.0240	0.0949*	0.488***	0.110***	0.140***
CYP	MG vs MiG	–0.237***	0.347***	–0.150**	0.318**	0.380**	0.0773 ^#	0.0239
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0786	0.0898 ^#	0.0903 ^#	–0.0406	0.0128	0.113**	0.0249
CZE	MG vs MiG	–0.122*	0.235***	–0.0910*	0.161	0.268	0.0976*	0.0672
	MiG vs MnG	–0.148**	0.146**	–0.00378	0.307*	0.656***	0.0297	0.175**
DNK	MG vs MiG	–0.204***	0.273***	–0.0932***	0.0907	0.514***	0.0170	0.0416
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0369	0.124***	0.0842**	0.122	0.694***	0.0328	0.0254
EST	MG vs MiG	–0.192***	0.209***	–0.130***	0.109 ^#	0.355***	0.0823**	0.135***
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0993**	0.113***	0.0258	0.294***	0.540***	0.104***	0.106***
FIN	MG vs MiG	–0.363***	0.397***	–0.0738*	0.353**	0.627**	0.0217	0.114**
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0368	0.0468	0.0429	0.103	0.439*	0.0989 ^#	0.0842*
FRA	MG vs MiG	–0.278***	0.367***	–0.0740**	0.208**	0.471***	0.0115	0.00697
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0764**	0.124***	0.0268	0.0579	0.895***	0.0985**	0.119***
DEU	MG vs MiG	–0.271***	0.372***	–0.0871 ^#	0.198 ^#	0.604**	0.0540	0.0336
	MiG vs MnG	0.0107	0.0253	0.0677	0.146	0.529**	0.0859	0.174**
IRL	MG vs MiG	–0.185***	0.302***	–0.131***	0.184 ^#	0.375*	0.0657 ^#	0.0834*
	MiG vs MnG	–0.228***	0.242***	0.0435	0.129	0.499***	0.0369	0.103**
ITA	MG vs MiG	–0.280***	0.257***	–0.121*	0.0397	0.266	0.0345	–0.0319
	MiG vs MnG	0.00615	0.0768	0.0825	0.0827	0.436	0.0759	0.170**
JPN	MG vs MiG	–0.164***	0.295***	–0.106***	–0.001	0.104	–0.00958	0.0283
	MiG vs MnG	–0.108***	0.108***	–0.00836	0.120*	0.565***	0.0618*	0.161***
KOR	MG vs MiG	–0.113***	0.127***	–0.169***	0.206**	0.116	0.0324	0.0344
	MiG vs MnG	–0.127***	0.189***	–0.0456	0.0428	0.367***	0.126***	0.0714*
NLD	MG vs MiG	–0.297***	0.311***	–0.0636**	0.327***	0.290*	0.0624	0.112**
	MiG vs MnG	0.0207	0.0991**	0.0464 ^#	–0.0204	0.867***	0.0349	0.0684 ^#
NOR	MG vs MiG	–0.315***	0.294***	–0.0490 ^#	0.004	0.673***	0.0282	0.142***
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0596	0.0795 ^#	0.0356	0.278**	0.839***	0.0284	0.0811 ^#
POL	MG vs MiG	–0.235***	0.290***	–0.0537	0.234*	0.422**	0.0991*	0.0654
	MiG vs MnG	–0.153**	0.172***	–0.0465	0.187*	0.338*	0.106*	0.189***
SVK	MG vs MiG	–0.0910*	0.150**	–0.0472	0.0166	0.256 ^#	0.0404	0.0125
	MiG vs MnG	–0.214***	0.244***	–0.0650 ^#	0.400***	0.266*	0.135**	0.186***
ESP	MG vs MiG	–0.136***	0.252***	–0.0910**	–0.004	0.913***	0.105***	0.0757 ^#
	MiG vs MnG	–0.138***	0.162***	0.0363	0.0885	0.0501	–0.00268	0.0106
SWE	MG vs MiG	–0.340***	0.312***	–0.0784*	0.196 ^#	0.543**	–0.0406	0.0165
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0414	0.101**	0.0552 ^#	–0.0171	0.615***	0.0850*	0.126**
GBR	MG vs MnG	–0.259***	0.343***	–0.0828*	0.102	0.382**	0.0963**	0.0369
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0375	0.104**	0.0724*	0.218**	0.537***	0.122***	0.153***
USA	MG vs MnG	–0.179***	0.305***	–0.128***	0.206*	0.549***	0.0216	0.0477
	MiG vs MnG	–0.149***	0.157***	0.0385	0.409***	0.513***	0.210***	0.145***

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

Pr (low earnings)

Pr (high earnings)

Pr (job dissatisfaction)

Health

Social trust

Civic participation

Political efficacy

AUT

MG vs MiG

—

–0.0911*

—

0.183

–0.0300

0.0613

MiG vs MnG

—

0.0738*

—

0.970***

0.0560

0.142**

BEL

MG vs MiG

–0.0937*

0.154***

–0.0473

0.00688

0.0631

0.0613

0.00567

MiG vs MnG

–0.172***

0.263***

0.0378

0.335***

1.092***

0.0820 ^#

0.262***

CAN

MG vs MiG

—

–0.0840***

0.196***

0.403***

0.0839***

0.0206

MiG vs MnG

—

0.0240

0.0949*

0.488***

0.110***

0.140***

CYP

MG vs MiG

–0.237***

0.347***

–0.150**

0.318**

0.380**

0.0773 ^#

0.0239

MiG vs MnG

–0.0786

0.0898 ^#

0.0903 ^#

–0.0406

0.0128

0.113**

0.0249

CZE

MG vs MiG

–0.122*

0.235***

–0.0910*

0.161

0.268

0.0976*

0.0672

MiG vs MnG

–0.148**

0.146**

–0.00378

0.307*

0.656***

0.0297

0.175**

DNK

MG vs MiG

–0.204***

0.273***

–0.0932***

0.0907

0.514***

0.0170

0.0416

MiG vs MnG

–0.0369

0.124***

0.0842**

0.122

0.694***

0.0328

0.0254

EST

MG vs MiG

–0.192***

0.209***

–0.130***

0.109 ^#

0.355***

0.0823**

0.135***

MiG vs MnG

–0.0993**

0.113***

0.0258

0.294***

0.540***

0.104***

0.106***

FIN

MG vs MiG

–0.363***

0.397***

–0.0738*

0.353**

0.627**

0.0217

0.114**

MiG vs MnG

–0.0368

0.0468

0.0429

0.103

0.439*

0.0989 ^#

0.0842*

FRA

MG vs MiG

–0.278***

0.367***

–0.0740**

0.208**

0.471***

0.0115

0.00697

MiG vs MnG

–0.0764**

0.124***

0.0268

0.0579

0.895***

0.0985**

0.119***

DEU

MG vs MiG

–0.271***

0.372***

–0.0871 ^#

0.198 ^#

0.604**

0.0540

0.0336

MiG vs MnG

0.0107

0.0253

0.0677

0.146

0.529**

0.0859

0.174**

IRL

MG vs MiG

–0.185***

0.302***

–0.131***

0.184 ^#

0.375*

0.0657 ^#

0.0834*

MiG vs MnG

–0.228***

0.242***

0.0435

0.129

0.499***

0.0369

0.103**

ITA

MG vs MiG

–0.280***

0.257***

–0.121*

0.0397

0.266

0.0345

–0.0319

MiG vs MnG

0.00615

0.0768

0.0825

0.0827

0.436

0.0759

0.170**

JPN

MG vs MiG

–0.164***

0.295***

–0.106***

–0.001

0.104

–0.00958

0.0283

MiG vs MnG

–0.108***

0.108***

–0.00836

0.120*

0.565***

0.0618*

0.161***

KOR

MG vs MiG

–0.113***

0.127***

–0.169***

0.206**

0.116

0.0324

0.0344

MiG vs MnG

–0.127***

0.189***

–0.0456

0.0428

0.367***

0.126***

0.0714*

NLD

MG vs MiG

–0.297***

0.311***

–0.0636**

0.327***

0.290*

0.0624

0.112**

MiG vs MnG

0.0207

0.0991**

0.0464 ^#

–0.0204

0.867***

0.0349

0.0684 ^#

NOR

MG vs MiG

–0.315***

0.294***

–0.0490 ^#

0.004

0.673***

0.0282

0.142***

MiG vs MnG

–0.0596

0.0795 ^#

0.0356

0.278**

0.839***

0.0284

0.0811 ^#

POL

MG vs MiG

–0.235***

0.290***

–0.0537

0.234*

0.422**

0.0991*

0.0654

MiG vs MnG

–0.153**

0.172***

–0.0465

0.187*

0.338*

0.106*

0.189***

SVK

MG vs MiG

–0.0910*

0.150**

–0.0472

0.0166

0.256 ^#

0.0404

0.0125

MiG vs MnG

–0.214***

0.244***

–0.0650 ^#

0.400***

0.266*

0.135**

0.186***

ESP

MG vs MiG

–0.136***

0.252***

–0.0910**

–0.004

0.913***

0.105***

0.0757 ^#

MiG vs MnG

–0.138***

0.162***

0.0363

0.0885

0.0501

–0.00268

0.0106

SWE

MG vs MiG

–0.340***

0.312***

–0.0784*

0.196 ^#

0.543**

–0.0406

0.0165

MiG vs MnG

–0.0414

0.101**

0.0552 ^#

–0.0171

0.615***

0.0850*

0.126**

GBR

MG vs MnG

–0.259***

0.343***

–0.0828*

0.102

0.382**

0.0963**

0.0369

MiG vs MnG

–0.0375

0.104**

0.0724*

0.218**

0.537***

0.122***

0.153***

USA

MG vs MnG

–0.179***

0.305***

–0.128***

0.206*

0.549***

0.0216

0.0477

MiG vs MnG

–0.149***

0.157***

0.0385

0.409***

0.513***

0.210***

0.145***

		(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
AUT	MG vs MiG	—	—	–0.0911*	—	0.183	–0.0300	0.0613
	MiG vs MnG	—	—	0.0738*	—	0.970***	0.0560	0.142**
BEL	MG vs MiG	–0.0937*	0.154***	–0.0473	0.00688	0.0631	0.0613	0.00567
	MiG vs MnG	–0.172***	0.263***	0.0378	0.335***	1.092***	0.0820 ^#	0.262***
CAN	MG vs MiG	—	—	–0.0840***	0.196***	0.403***	0.0839***	0.0206
	MiG vs MnG	—	—	0.0240	0.0949*	0.488***	0.110***	0.140***
CYP	MG vs MiG	–0.237***	0.347***	–0.150**	0.318**	0.380**	0.0773 ^#	0.0239
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0786	0.0898 ^#	0.0903 ^#	–0.0406	0.0128	0.113**	0.0249
CZE	MG vs MiG	–0.122*	0.235***	–0.0910*	0.161	0.268	0.0976*	0.0672
	MiG vs MnG	–0.148**	0.146**	–0.00378	0.307*	0.656***	0.0297	0.175**
DNK	MG vs MiG	–0.204***	0.273***	–0.0932***	0.0907	0.514***	0.0170	0.0416
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0369	0.124***	0.0842**	0.122	0.694***	0.0328	0.0254
EST	MG vs MiG	–0.192***	0.209***	–0.130***	0.109 ^#	0.355***	0.0823**	0.135***
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0993**	0.113***	0.0258	0.294***	0.540***	0.104***	0.106***
FIN	MG vs MiG	–0.363***	0.397***	–0.0738*	0.353**	0.627**	0.0217	0.114**
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0368	0.0468	0.0429	0.103	0.439*	0.0989 ^#	0.0842*
FRA	MG vs MiG	–0.278***	0.367***	–0.0740**	0.208**	0.471***	0.0115	0.00697
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0764**	0.124***	0.0268	0.0579	0.895***	0.0985**	0.119***
DEU	MG vs MiG	–0.271***	0.372***	–0.0871 ^#	0.198 ^#	0.604**	0.0540	0.0336
	MiG vs MnG	0.0107	0.0253	0.0677	0.146	0.529**	0.0859	0.174**
IRL	MG vs MiG	–0.185***	0.302***	–0.131***	0.184 ^#	0.375*	0.0657 ^#	0.0834*
	MiG vs MnG	–0.228***	0.242***	0.0435	0.129	0.499***	0.0369	0.103**
ITA	MG vs MiG	–0.280***	0.257***	–0.121*	0.0397	0.266	0.0345	–0.0319
	MiG vs MnG	0.00615	0.0768	0.0825	0.0827	0.436	0.0759	0.170**
JPN	MG vs MiG	–0.164***	0.295***	–0.106***	–0.001	0.104	–0.00958	0.0283
	MiG vs MnG	–0.108***	0.108***	–0.00836	0.120*	0.565***	0.0618*	0.161***
KOR	MG vs MiG	–0.113***	0.127***	–0.169***	0.206**	0.116	0.0324	0.0344
	MiG vs MnG	–0.127***	0.189***	–0.0456	0.0428	0.367***	0.126***	0.0714*
NLD	MG vs MiG	–0.297***	0.311***	–0.0636**	0.327***	0.290*	0.0624	0.112**
	MiG vs MnG	0.0207	0.0991**	0.0464 ^#	–0.0204	0.867***	0.0349	0.0684 ^#
NOR	MG vs MiG	–0.315***	0.294***	–0.0490 ^#	0.004	0.673***	0.0282	0.142***
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0596	0.0795 ^#	0.0356	0.278**	0.839***	0.0284	0.0811 ^#
POL	MG vs MiG	–0.235***	0.290***	–0.0537	0.234*	0.422**	0.0991*	0.0654
	MiG vs MnG	–0.153**	0.172***	–0.0465	0.187*	0.338*	0.106*	0.189***
SVK	MG vs MiG	–0.0910*	0.150**	–0.0472	0.0166	0.256 ^#	0.0404	0.0125
	MiG vs MnG	–0.214***	0.244***	–0.0650 ^#	0.400***	0.266*	0.135**	0.186***
ESP	MG vs MiG	–0.136***	0.252***	–0.0910**	–0.004	0.913***	0.105***	0.0757 ^#
	MiG vs MnG	–0.138***	0.162***	0.0363	0.0885	0.0501	–0.00268	0.0106
SWE	MG vs MiG	–0.340***	0.312***	–0.0784*	0.196 ^#	0.543**	–0.0406	0.0165
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0414	0.101**	0.0552 ^#	–0.0171	0.615***	0.0850*	0.126**
GBR	MG vs MnG	–0.259***	0.343***	–0.0828*	0.102	0.382**	0.0963**	0.0369
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0375	0.104**	0.0724*	0.218**	0.537***	0.122***	0.153***
USA	MG vs MnG	–0.179***	0.305***	–0.128***	0.206*	0.549***	0.0216	0.0477
	MiG vs MnG	–0.149***	0.157***	0.0385	0.409***	0.513***	0.210***	0.145***

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

Pr (low earnings)

Pr (high earnings)

Pr (job dissatisfaction)

Health

Social trust

Civic participation

Political efficacy

AUT

MG vs MiG

—

–0.0911*

—

0.183

–0.0300

0.0613

MiG vs MnG

—

0.0738*

—

0.970***

0.0560

0.142**

BEL

MG vs MiG

–0.0937*

0.154***

–0.0473

0.00688

0.0631

0.0613

0.00567

MiG vs MnG

–0.172***

0.263***

0.0378

0.335***

1.092***

0.0820 ^#

0.262***

CAN

MG vs MiG

—

–0.0840***

0.196***

0.403***

0.0839***

0.0206

MiG vs MnG

—

0.0240

0.0949*

0.488***

0.110***

0.140***

CYP

MG vs MiG

–0.237***

0.347***

–0.150**

0.318**

0.380**

0.0773 ^#

0.0239

MiG vs MnG

–0.0786

0.0898 ^#

0.0903 ^#

–0.0406

0.0128

0.113**

0.0249

CZE

MG vs MiG

–0.122*

0.235***

–0.0910*

0.161

0.268

0.0976*

0.0672

MiG vs MnG

–0.148**

0.146**

–0.00378

0.307*

0.656***

0.0297

0.175**

DNK

MG vs MiG

–0.204***

0.273***

–0.0932***

0.0907

0.514***

0.0170

0.0416

MiG vs MnG

–0.0369

0.124***

0.0842**

0.122

0.694***

0.0328

0.0254

EST

MG vs MiG

–0.192***

0.209***

–0.130***

0.109 ^#

0.355***

0.0823**

0.135***

MiG vs MnG

–0.0993**

0.113***

0.0258

0.294***

0.540***

0.104***

0.106***

FIN

MG vs MiG

–0.363***

0.397***

–0.0738*

0.353**

0.627**

0.0217

0.114**

MiG vs MnG

–0.0368

0.0468

0.0429

0.103

0.439*

0.0989 ^#

0.0842*

FRA

MG vs MiG

–0.278***

0.367***

–0.0740**

0.208**

0.471***

0.0115

0.00697

MiG vs MnG

–0.0764**

0.124***

0.0268

0.0579

0.895***

0.0985**

0.119***

DEU

MG vs MiG

–0.271***

0.372***

–0.0871 ^#

0.198 ^#

0.604**

0.0540

0.0336

MiG vs MnG

0.0107

0.0253

0.0677

0.146

0.529**

0.0859

0.174**

IRL

MG vs MiG

–0.185***

0.302***

–0.131***

0.184 ^#

0.375*

0.0657 ^#

0.0834*

MiG vs MnG

–0.228***

0.242***

0.0435

0.129

0.499***

0.0369

0.103**

ITA

MG vs MiG

–0.280***

0.257***

–0.121*

0.0397

0.266

0.0345

–0.0319

MiG vs MnG

0.00615

0.0768

0.0825

0.0827

0.436

0.0759

0.170**

JPN

MG vs MiG

–0.164***

0.295***

–0.106***

–0.001

0.104

–0.00958

0.0283

MiG vs MnG

–0.108***

0.108***

–0.00836

0.120*

0.565***

0.0618*

0.161***

KOR

MG vs MiG

–0.113***

0.127***

–0.169***

0.206**

0.116

0.0324

0.0344

MiG vs MnG

–0.127***

0.189***

–0.0456

0.0428

0.367***

0.126***

0.0714*

NLD

MG vs MiG

–0.297***

0.311***

–0.0636**

0.327***

0.290*

0.0624

0.112**

MiG vs MnG

0.0207

0.0991**

0.0464 ^#

–0.0204

0.867***

0.0349

0.0684 ^#

NOR

MG vs MiG

–0.315***

0.294***

–0.0490 ^#

0.004

0.673***

0.0282

0.142***

MiG vs MnG

–0.0596

0.0795 ^#

0.0356

0.278**

0.839***

0.0284

0.0811 ^#

POL

MG vs MiG

–0.235***

0.290***

–0.0537

0.234*

0.422**

0.0991*

0.0654

MiG vs MnG

–0.153**

0.172***

–0.0465

0.187*

0.338*

0.106*

0.189***

SVK

MG vs MiG

–0.0910*

0.150**

–0.0472

0.0166

0.256 ^#

0.0404

0.0125

MiG vs MnG

–0.214***

0.244***

–0.0650 ^#

0.400***

0.266*

0.135**

0.186***

ESP

MG vs MiG

–0.136***

0.252***

–0.0910**

–0.004

0.913***

0.105***

0.0757 ^#

MiG vs MnG

–0.138***

0.162***

0.0363

0.0885

0.0501

–0.00268

0.0106

SWE

MG vs MiG

–0.340***

0.312***

–0.0784*

0.196 ^#

0.543**

–0.0406

0.0165

MiG vs MnG

–0.0414

0.101**

0.0552 ^#

–0.0171

0.615***

0.0850*

0.126**

GBR

MG vs MnG

–0.259***

0.343***

–0.0828*

0.102

0.382**

0.0963**

0.0369

MiG vs MnG

–0.0375

0.104**

0.0724*

0.218**

0.537***

0.122***

0.153***

USA

MG vs MnG

–0.179***

0.305***

–0.128***

0.206*

0.549***

0.0216

0.0477

MiG vs MnG

–0.149***

0.157***

0.0385

0.409***

0.513***

0.210***

0.145***

Table 3:

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Differences in earnings, job satisfaction, and social capital by educational attainment and underemployment status

		(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
		Pr (low earnings)	Pr (high earnings)	Pr (job dissatisfaction)	Health	Social trust	Civic participation	Political efficacy
AUT	MG vs MiG	—	—	–0.0911*	—	0.183	–0.0300	0.0613
	MiG vs MnG	—	—	0.0738*	—	0.970***	0.0560	0.142**
BEL	MG vs MiG	–0.0937*	0.154***	–0.0473	0.00688	0.0631	0.0613	0.00567
	MiG vs MnG	–0.172***	0.263***	0.0378	0.335***	1.092***	0.0820 ^#	0.262***
CAN	MG vs MiG	—	—	–0.0840***	0.196***	0.403***	0.0839***	0.0206
	MiG vs MnG	—	—	0.0240	0.0949*	0.488***	0.110***	0.140***
CYP	MG vs MiG	–0.237***	0.347***	–0.150**	0.318**	0.380**	0.0773 ^#	0.0239
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0786	0.0898 ^#	0.0903 ^#	–0.0406	0.0128	0.113**	0.0249
CZE	MG vs MiG	–0.122*	0.235***	–0.0910*	0.161	0.268	0.0976*	0.0672
	MiG vs MnG	–0.148**	0.146**	–0.00378	0.307*	0.656***	0.0297	0.175**
DNK	MG vs MiG	–0.204***	0.273***	–0.0932***	0.0907	0.514***	0.0170	0.0416
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0369	0.124***	0.0842**	0.122	0.694***	0.0328	0.0254
EST	MG vs MiG	–0.192***	0.209***	–0.130***	0.109 ^#	0.355***	0.0823**	0.135***
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0993**	0.113***	0.0258	0.294***	0.540***	0.104***	0.106***
FIN	MG vs MiG	–0.363***	0.397***	–0.0738*	0.353**	0.627**	0.0217	0.114**
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0368	0.0468	0.0429	0.103	0.439*	0.0989 ^#	0.0842*
FRA	MG vs MiG	–0.278***	0.367***	–0.0740**	0.208**	0.471***	0.0115	0.00697
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0764**	0.124***	0.0268	0.0579	0.895***	0.0985**	0.119***
DEU	MG vs MiG	–0.271***	0.372***	–0.0871 ^#	0.198 ^#	0.604**	0.0540	0.0336
	MiG vs MnG	0.0107	0.0253	0.0677	0.146	0.529**	0.0859	0.174**
IRL	MG vs MiG	–0.185***	0.302***	–0.131***	0.184 ^#	0.375*	0.0657 ^#	0.0834*
	MiG vs MnG	–0.228***	0.242***	0.0435	0.129	0.499***	0.0369	0.103**
ITA	MG vs MiG	–0.280***	0.257***	–0.121*	0.0397	0.266	0.0345	–0.0319
	MiG vs MnG	0.00615	0.0768	0.0825	0.0827	0.436	0.0759	0.170**
JPN	MG vs MiG	–0.164***	0.295***	–0.106***	–0.001	0.104	–0.00958	0.0283
	MiG vs MnG	–0.108***	0.108***	–0.00836	0.120*	0.565***	0.0618*	0.161***
KOR	MG vs MiG	–0.113***	0.127***	–0.169***	0.206**	0.116	0.0324	0.0344
	MiG vs MnG	–0.127***	0.189***	–0.0456	0.0428	0.367***	0.126***	0.0714*
NLD	MG vs MiG	–0.297***	0.311***	–0.0636**	0.327***	0.290*	0.0624	0.112**
	MiG vs MnG	0.0207	0.0991**	0.0464 ^#	–0.0204	0.867***	0.0349	0.0684 ^#
NOR	MG vs MiG	–0.315***	0.294***	–0.0490 ^#	0.004	0.673***	0.0282	0.142***
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0596	0.0795 ^#	0.0356	0.278**	0.839***	0.0284	0.0811 ^#
POL	MG vs MiG	–0.235***	0.290***	–0.0537	0.234*	0.422**	0.0991*	0.0654
	MiG vs MnG	–0.153**	0.172***	–0.0465	0.187*	0.338*	0.106*	0.189***
SVK	MG vs MiG	–0.0910*	0.150**	–0.0472	0.0166	0.256 ^#	0.0404	0.0125
	MiG vs MnG	–0.214***	0.244***	–0.0650 ^#	0.400***	0.266*	0.135**	0.186***
ESP	MG vs MiG	–0.136***	0.252***	–0.0910**	–0.004	0.913***	0.105***	0.0757 ^#
	MiG vs MnG	–0.138***	0.162***	0.0363	0.0885	0.0501	–0.00268	0.0106
SWE	MG vs MiG	–0.340***	0.312***	–0.0784*	0.196 ^#	0.543**	–0.0406	0.0165
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0414	0.101**	0.0552 ^#	–0.0171	0.615***	0.0850*	0.126**
GBR	MG vs MnG	–0.259***	0.343***	–0.0828*	0.102	0.382**	0.0963**	0.0369
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0375	0.104**	0.0724*	0.218**	0.537***	0.122***	0.153***
USA	MG vs MnG	–0.179***	0.305***	–0.128***	0.206*	0.549***	0.0216	0.0477
	MiG vs MnG	–0.149***	0.157***	0.0385	0.409***	0.513***	0.210***	0.145***

		(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
		Pr (low earnings)	Pr (high earnings)	Pr (job dissatisfaction)	Health	Social trust	Civic participation	Political efficacy
AUT	MG vs MiG	—	—	–0.0911*	—	0.183	–0.0300	0.0613
	MiG vs MnG	—	—	0.0738*	—	0.970***	0.0560	0.142**
BEL	MG vs MiG	–0.0937*	0.154***	–0.0473	0.00688	0.0631	0.0613	0.00567
	MiG vs MnG	–0.172***	0.263***	0.0378	0.335***	1.092***	0.0820 ^#	0.262***
CAN	MG vs MiG	—	—	–0.0840***	0.196***	0.403***	0.0839***	0.0206
	MiG vs MnG	—	—	0.0240	0.0949*	0.488***	0.110***	0.140***
CYP	MG vs MiG	–0.237***	0.347***	–0.150**	0.318**	0.380**	0.0773 ^#	0.0239
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0786	0.0898 ^#	0.0903 ^#	–0.0406	0.0128	0.113**	0.0249
CZE	MG vs MiG	–0.122*	0.235***	–0.0910*	0.161	0.268	0.0976*	0.0672
	MiG vs MnG	–0.148**	0.146**	–0.00378	0.307*	0.656***	0.0297	0.175**
DNK	MG vs MiG	–0.204***	0.273***	–0.0932***	0.0907	0.514***	0.0170	0.0416
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0369	0.124***	0.0842**	0.122	0.694***	0.0328	0.0254
EST	MG vs MiG	–0.192***	0.209***	–0.130***	0.109 ^#	0.355***	0.0823**	0.135***
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0993**	0.113***	0.0258	0.294***	0.540***	0.104***	0.106***
FIN	MG vs MiG	–0.363***	0.397***	–0.0738*	0.353**	0.627**	0.0217	0.114**
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0368	0.0468	0.0429	0.103	0.439*	0.0989 ^#	0.0842*
FRA	MG vs MiG	–0.278***	0.367***	–0.0740**	0.208**	0.471***	0.0115	0.00697
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0764**	0.124***	0.0268	0.0579	0.895***	0.0985**	0.119***
DEU	MG vs MiG	–0.271***	0.372***	–0.0871 ^#	0.198 ^#	0.604**	0.0540	0.0336
	MiG vs MnG	0.0107	0.0253	0.0677	0.146	0.529**	0.0859	0.174**
IRL	MG vs MiG	–0.185***	0.302***	–0.131***	0.184 ^#	0.375*	0.0657 ^#	0.0834*
	MiG vs MnG	–0.228***	0.242***	0.0435	0.129	0.499***	0.0369	0.103**
ITA	MG vs MiG	–0.280***	0.257***	–0.121*	0.0397	0.266	0.0345	–0.0319
	MiG vs MnG	0.00615	0.0768	0.0825	0.0827	0.436	0.0759	0.170**
JPN	MG vs MiG	–0.164***	0.295***	–0.106***	–0.001	0.104	–0.00958	0.0283
	MiG vs MnG	–0.108***	0.108***	–0.00836	0.120*	0.565***	0.0618*	0.161***
KOR	MG vs MiG	–0.113***	0.127***	–0.169***	0.206**	0.116	0.0324	0.0344
	MiG vs MnG	–0.127***	0.189***	–0.0456	0.0428	0.367***	0.126***	0.0714*
NLD	MG vs MiG	–0.297***	0.311***	–0.0636**	0.327***	0.290*	0.0624	0.112**
	MiG vs MnG	0.0207	0.0991**	0.0464 ^#	–0.0204	0.867***	0.0349	0.0684 ^#
NOR	MG vs MiG	–0.315***	0.294***	–0.0490 ^#	0.004	0.673***	0.0282	0.142***
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0596	0.0795 ^#	0.0356	0.278**	0.839***	0.0284	0.0811 ^#
POL	MG vs MiG	–0.235***	0.290***	–0.0537	0.234*	0.422**	0.0991*	0.0654
	MiG vs MnG	–0.153**	0.172***	–0.0465	0.187*	0.338*	0.106*	0.189***
SVK	MG vs MiG	–0.0910*	0.150**	–0.0472	0.0166	0.256 ^#	0.0404	0.0125
	MiG vs MnG	–0.214***	0.244***	–0.0650 ^#	0.400***	0.266*	0.135**	0.186***
ESP	MG vs MiG	–0.136***	0.252***	–0.0910**	–0.004	0.913***	0.105***	0.0757 ^#
	MiG vs MnG	–0.138***	0.162***	0.0363	0.0885	0.0501	–0.00268	0.0106
SWE	MG vs MiG	–0.340***	0.312***	–0.0784*	0.196 ^#	0.543**	–0.0406	0.0165
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0414	0.101**	0.0552 ^#	–0.0171	0.615***	0.0850*	0.126**
GBR	MG vs MnG	–0.259***	0.343***	–0.0828*	0.102	0.382**	0.0963**	0.0369
	MiG vs MnG	–0.0375	0.104**	0.0724*	0.218**	0.537***	0.122***	0.153***
USA	MG vs MnG	–0.179***	0.305***	–0.128***	0.206*	0.549***	0.0216	0.0477
	MiG vs MnG	–0.149***	0.157***	0.0385	0.409***	0.513***	0.210***	0.145***

Notes : Estimation sample of employed adult population in age group 25–65 with at least lower secondary levels of education. Outcomes are: (1) annual earnings in bottom two income quintiles, (2) annual earnings in the top two income quintiles, (3) not satisfied or extremely satisfied with current job, (4) self-assessed health in five categories, (5) sum score over two 4-level Likert items on the general trustworthiness of people, (6) at least some volunteer work in the last 12 months, (7) binary item that distinguishes between respondents who agree to the statement ‘People like me don’t have any say about what the government does’ versus those who disagree. The table displays the estimated marginal effects after either OLS (column 4), probit (columns 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7), or on the linear index after ordered probit (column 4). Estimations including controls (age-groups, cohabitation status, and dependent children dummy, all fully interacted with a gender dummy). Mismatched (underqualified) non-graduates were included in the regressions, but their coefficients are omitted for brevity. ^#p < 0.1, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.

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