| Variable . | Eplerenone, (n = 653) . | Spironolactone, (n = 6840) . | P-value1 . | SMD . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (Q1–Q3) | 65 (55, 74) | 69 (59, 76) | <0.001 | 0.233 |
| Male | 591 (90.5%) | 4651 (68.0%) | <0.001 | 0.578 |
| Readmitted with HF before study start | 66 (10.1%) | 1164 (17.0%) | <0.001 | 0.203 |
| Pharmacotherapy | ||||
| RASi2 | 653 (100%) | 6840 (100%) | NA | 0 |
| Beta blockers2 | 653 (100%) | 6840 (100%) | NA | 0 |
| Sacubitril/valsartan | 59 (9.0%) | 348 (5.1%) | <0.001 | 0.155 |
| SGLT2-inhibitors | 36 (5.5%) | 253 (3.7%) | 0.021 | 0.087 |
| Loop diuretics | 441 (67.5%) | 4980 (72.8%) | 0.004 | 0.115 |
| Statins | 418 (64.0%) | 3971 (58.1%) | 0.003 | 0.122 |
| Antidepressants | 54 (8.3%) | 848 (12.4%) | 0.002 | 0.136 |
| Antiplatelet therapy | 331 (50.7%) | 3260 (47.7%) | 0.14 | 0.061 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 241 (36.9%) | 2847 (41.6%) | 0.019 | 0.097 |
| Opioids | 29 (4.4%) | 404 (5.9%) | 0.13 | 0.066 |
| Digoxin | 49 (7.5%) | 884 (12.9%) | <0.001 | 0.180 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Ischemic heart disease | 296 (45.3%) | 2805 (41.0%) | 0.032 | 0.087 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 56 (8.6%) | 652 (9.5%) | 0.4 | 0.033 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 49 (7.5%) | 617 (9.0%) | 0.2 | 0.055 |
| Cancer | 79 (12.1%) | 905 (13.2%) | 0.4 | 0.034 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias | 244 (37.4%) | 2750 (40.2%) | 0.2 | 0.058 |
| Chronic renal failure | 21 (3.2%) | 290 (4.2%) | 0.2 | 0.054 |
| COPD | 47 (7.2%) | 776 (11.3%) | 0.001 | 0.143 |
| Rheumatic disease | 20 (3.1%) | 175 (2.6%) | 0.4 | 0.031 |
| Diabetes | 134 (20.5%) | 1481 (21.7%) | 0.5 | 0.028 |
| Variable . | Eplerenone, (n = 653) . | Spironolactone, (n = 6840) . | P-value1 . | SMD . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (Q1–Q3) | 65 (55, 74) | 69 (59, 76) | <0.001 | 0.233 |
| Male | 591 (90.5%) | 4651 (68.0%) | <0.001 | 0.578 |
| Readmitted with HF before study start | 66 (10.1%) | 1164 (17.0%) | <0.001 | 0.203 |
| Pharmacotherapy | ||||
| RASi2 | 653 (100%) | 6840 (100%) | NA | 0 |
| Beta blockers2 | 653 (100%) | 6840 (100%) | NA | 0 |
| Sacubitril/valsartan | 59 (9.0%) | 348 (5.1%) | <0.001 | 0.155 |
| SGLT2-inhibitors | 36 (5.5%) | 253 (3.7%) | 0.021 | 0.087 |
| Loop diuretics | 441 (67.5%) | 4980 (72.8%) | 0.004 | 0.115 |
| Statins | 418 (64.0%) | 3971 (58.1%) | 0.003 | 0.122 |
| Antidepressants | 54 (8.3%) | 848 (12.4%) | 0.002 | 0.136 |
| Antiplatelet therapy | 331 (50.7%) | 3260 (47.7%) | 0.14 | 0.061 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 241 (36.9%) | 2847 (41.6%) | 0.019 | 0.097 |
| Opioids | 29 (4.4%) | 404 (5.9%) | 0.13 | 0.066 |
| Digoxin | 49 (7.5%) | 884 (12.9%) | <0.001 | 0.180 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Ischemic heart disease | 296 (45.3%) | 2805 (41.0%) | 0.032 | 0.087 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 56 (8.6%) | 652 (9.5%) | 0.4 | 0.033 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 49 (7.5%) | 617 (9.0%) | 0.2 | 0.055 |
| Cancer | 79 (12.1%) | 905 (13.2%) | 0.4 | 0.034 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias | 244 (37.4%) | 2750 (40.2%) | 0.2 | 0.058 |
| Chronic renal failure | 21 (3.2%) | 290 (4.2%) | 0.2 | 0.054 |
| COPD | 47 (7.2%) | 776 (11.3%) | 0.001 | 0.143 |
| Rheumatic disease | 20 (3.1%) | 175 (2.6%) | 0.4 | 0.031 |
| Diabetes | 134 (20.5%) | 1481 (21.7%) | 0.5 | 0.028 |
Variables are presented as numbers with percentages unless otherwise specified.
RASi—Renin angiotensin system inhibitors, COPD—Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SGLT-2 inhibitor—Sodium Glucose Co-transport 2 inhibitor, and SMD—standardized mean difference
Statistical test performed: Welch two-sample t-test with adjustment for unequal variances; Pearson's Chi-squared test,
2By study design, all patients were on RASi and Beta blockers.
| Variable . | Eplerenone, (n = 653) . | Spironolactone, (n = 6840) . | P-value1 . | SMD . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (Q1–Q3) | 65 (55, 74) | 69 (59, 76) | <0.001 | 0.233 |
| Male | 591 (90.5%) | 4651 (68.0%) | <0.001 | 0.578 |
| Readmitted with HF before study start | 66 (10.1%) | 1164 (17.0%) | <0.001 | 0.203 |
| Pharmacotherapy | ||||
| RASi2 | 653 (100%) | 6840 (100%) | NA | 0 |
| Beta blockers2 | 653 (100%) | 6840 (100%) | NA | 0 |
| Sacubitril/valsartan | 59 (9.0%) | 348 (5.1%) | <0.001 | 0.155 |
| SGLT2-inhibitors | 36 (5.5%) | 253 (3.7%) | 0.021 | 0.087 |
| Loop diuretics | 441 (67.5%) | 4980 (72.8%) | 0.004 | 0.115 |
| Statins | 418 (64.0%) | 3971 (58.1%) | 0.003 | 0.122 |
| Antidepressants | 54 (8.3%) | 848 (12.4%) | 0.002 | 0.136 |
| Antiplatelet therapy | 331 (50.7%) | 3260 (47.7%) | 0.14 | 0.061 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 241 (36.9%) | 2847 (41.6%) | 0.019 | 0.097 |
| Opioids | 29 (4.4%) | 404 (5.9%) | 0.13 | 0.066 |
| Digoxin | 49 (7.5%) | 884 (12.9%) | <0.001 | 0.180 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Ischemic heart disease | 296 (45.3%) | 2805 (41.0%) | 0.032 | 0.087 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 56 (8.6%) | 652 (9.5%) | 0.4 | 0.033 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 49 (7.5%) | 617 (9.0%) | 0.2 | 0.055 |
| Cancer | 79 (12.1%) | 905 (13.2%) | 0.4 | 0.034 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias | 244 (37.4%) | 2750 (40.2%) | 0.2 | 0.058 |
| Chronic renal failure | 21 (3.2%) | 290 (4.2%) | 0.2 | 0.054 |
| COPD | 47 (7.2%) | 776 (11.3%) | 0.001 | 0.143 |
| Rheumatic disease | 20 (3.1%) | 175 (2.6%) | 0.4 | 0.031 |
| Diabetes | 134 (20.5%) | 1481 (21.7%) | 0.5 | 0.028 |
| Variable . | Eplerenone, (n = 653) . | Spironolactone, (n = 6840) . | P-value1 . | SMD . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (Q1–Q3) | 65 (55, 74) | 69 (59, 76) | <0.001 | 0.233 |
| Male | 591 (90.5%) | 4651 (68.0%) | <0.001 | 0.578 |
| Readmitted with HF before study start | 66 (10.1%) | 1164 (17.0%) | <0.001 | 0.203 |
| Pharmacotherapy | ||||
| RASi2 | 653 (100%) | 6840 (100%) | NA | 0 |
| Beta blockers2 | 653 (100%) | 6840 (100%) | NA | 0 |
| Sacubitril/valsartan | 59 (9.0%) | 348 (5.1%) | <0.001 | 0.155 |
| SGLT2-inhibitors | 36 (5.5%) | 253 (3.7%) | 0.021 | 0.087 |
| Loop diuretics | 441 (67.5%) | 4980 (72.8%) | 0.004 | 0.115 |
| Statins | 418 (64.0%) | 3971 (58.1%) | 0.003 | 0.122 |
| Antidepressants | 54 (8.3%) | 848 (12.4%) | 0.002 | 0.136 |
| Antiplatelet therapy | 331 (50.7%) | 3260 (47.7%) | 0.14 | 0.061 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 241 (36.9%) | 2847 (41.6%) | 0.019 | 0.097 |
| Opioids | 29 (4.4%) | 404 (5.9%) | 0.13 | 0.066 |
| Digoxin | 49 (7.5%) | 884 (12.9%) | <0.001 | 0.180 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Ischemic heart disease | 296 (45.3%) | 2805 (41.0%) | 0.032 | 0.087 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 56 (8.6%) | 652 (9.5%) | 0.4 | 0.033 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 49 (7.5%) | 617 (9.0%) | 0.2 | 0.055 |
| Cancer | 79 (12.1%) | 905 (13.2%) | 0.4 | 0.034 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias | 244 (37.4%) | 2750 (40.2%) | 0.2 | 0.058 |
| Chronic renal failure | 21 (3.2%) | 290 (4.2%) | 0.2 | 0.054 |
| COPD | 47 (7.2%) | 776 (11.3%) | 0.001 | 0.143 |
| Rheumatic disease | 20 (3.1%) | 175 (2.6%) | 0.4 | 0.031 |
| Diabetes | 134 (20.5%) | 1481 (21.7%) | 0.5 | 0.028 |
Variables are presented as numbers with percentages unless otherwise specified.
RASi—Renin angiotensin system inhibitors, COPD—Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SGLT-2 inhibitor—Sodium Glucose Co-transport 2 inhibitor, and SMD—standardized mean difference
Statistical test performed: Welch two-sample t-test with adjustment for unequal variances; Pearson's Chi-squared test,
2By study design, all patients were on RASi and Beta blockers.
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