| Characteristics at study enrolmentd . | Overall . | Panel 1 . | Panel 2 . | Panel 3 . | Panel 4 . | Panel 5 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 260 228 . | N = 77 019 . | N = 31 110 . | N = 43 438 . | N = 50 052 . | N = 58 609 . | |
| (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | |
| Enrolment period | 2001–21 | 2001–03 | 2004–06 | 2007–08 | 2011–13 | 2020–21 |
| Age [M, standard deviation (SD)] | 29 (8) | 35 (9) | 25 (5) | 25 (4) | 27 (5) | 26 (5) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 69 | 73 | 62 | 64 | 73 | 69 |
| Female | 31 | 27 | 38 | 36 | 27 | 31 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 6 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 9 |
| Black, Non-Hispanic | 12 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 13 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 10 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 19 |
| Multiethnic or othera | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| White, Non-Hispanic | 69 | 74 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 55 |
| Paygrade | ||||||
| Enlisted | 82 | 77 | 88 | 89 | 84 | 80 |
| Officer | 18 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 16 | 20 |
| Service component | ||||||
| Active duty | 70 | 57 | 60 | 79 | 73 | 85 |
| Reserve or National Guard | 30 | 43 | 40 | 21 | 27 | 15 |
| Service branch | ||||||
| Air Forceb | 31 | 29 | 27 | 30 | 29 | 39 |
| Army | 43 | 47 | 48 | 36 | 45 | 35 |
| Coastguard | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Marine Corps | 9 | 5 | 8 | 16 | 10 | 11 |
| Navy | 15 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 11 |
| Age in 2023c (M, SD) | 42 (12) | 56 (9) | 43 (5) | 40 (4) | 39 (5) | 29 (5) |
| Separated from the Militaryc | 60 | 93 | 73 | 66 | 59 | 4 |
| Deployment 2001–22c | 60 | 54 | 71 | 78 | 78 | 36 |
| Deceasedc | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Characteristics at study enrolmentd . | Overall . | Panel 1 . | Panel 2 . | Panel 3 . | Panel 4 . | Panel 5 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 260 228 . | N = 77 019 . | N = 31 110 . | N = 43 438 . | N = 50 052 . | N = 58 609 . | |
| (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | |
| Enrolment period | 2001–21 | 2001–03 | 2004–06 | 2007–08 | 2011–13 | 2020–21 |
| Age [M, standard deviation (SD)] | 29 (8) | 35 (9) | 25 (5) | 25 (4) | 27 (5) | 26 (5) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 69 | 73 | 62 | 64 | 73 | 69 |
| Female | 31 | 27 | 38 | 36 | 27 | 31 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 6 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 9 |
| Black, Non-Hispanic | 12 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 13 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 10 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 19 |
| Multiethnic or othera | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| White, Non-Hispanic | 69 | 74 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 55 |
| Paygrade | ||||||
| Enlisted | 82 | 77 | 88 | 89 | 84 | 80 |
| Officer | 18 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 16 | 20 |
| Service component | ||||||
| Active duty | 70 | 57 | 60 | 79 | 73 | 85 |
| Reserve or National Guard | 30 | 43 | 40 | 21 | 27 | 15 |
| Service branch | ||||||
| Air Forceb | 31 | 29 | 27 | 30 | 29 | 39 |
| Army | 43 | 47 | 48 | 36 | 45 | 35 |
| Coastguard | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Marine Corps | 9 | 5 | 8 | 16 | 10 | 11 |
| Navy | 15 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 11 |
| Age in 2023c (M, SD) | 42 (12) | 56 (9) | 43 (5) | 40 (4) | 39 (5) | 29 (5) |
| Separated from the Militaryc | 60 | 93 | 73 | 66 | 59 | 4 |
| Deployment 2001–22c | 60 | 54 | 71 | 78 | 78 | 36 |
| Deceasedc | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
‘Other’ includes those who reported multiple races and ‘none’ or ‘other’ for ethnicity.
Air Force currently includes Space Force participants.
Recent age is as of April 2023 and vital status is as of April 2022. At least one deployment in support of post-9/11 operations, predominately to locations in and around the Middle East region between September 2001 and November 2022. Separation from the military is as of December 2021.
Percentages may not add to 100 percent due to rounding.
| Characteristics at study enrolmentd . | Overall . | Panel 1 . | Panel 2 . | Panel 3 . | Panel 4 . | Panel 5 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 260 228 . | N = 77 019 . | N = 31 110 . | N = 43 438 . | N = 50 052 . | N = 58 609 . | |
| (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | |
| Enrolment period | 2001–21 | 2001–03 | 2004–06 | 2007–08 | 2011–13 | 2020–21 |
| Age [M, standard deviation (SD)] | 29 (8) | 35 (9) | 25 (5) | 25 (4) | 27 (5) | 26 (5) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 69 | 73 | 62 | 64 | 73 | 69 |
| Female | 31 | 27 | 38 | 36 | 27 | 31 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 6 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 9 |
| Black, Non-Hispanic | 12 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 13 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 10 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 19 |
| Multiethnic or othera | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| White, Non-Hispanic | 69 | 74 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 55 |
| Paygrade | ||||||
| Enlisted | 82 | 77 | 88 | 89 | 84 | 80 |
| Officer | 18 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 16 | 20 |
| Service component | ||||||
| Active duty | 70 | 57 | 60 | 79 | 73 | 85 |
| Reserve or National Guard | 30 | 43 | 40 | 21 | 27 | 15 |
| Service branch | ||||||
| Air Forceb | 31 | 29 | 27 | 30 | 29 | 39 |
| Army | 43 | 47 | 48 | 36 | 45 | 35 |
| Coastguard | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Marine Corps | 9 | 5 | 8 | 16 | 10 | 11 |
| Navy | 15 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 11 |
| Age in 2023c (M, SD) | 42 (12) | 56 (9) | 43 (5) | 40 (4) | 39 (5) | 29 (5) |
| Separated from the Militaryc | 60 | 93 | 73 | 66 | 59 | 4 |
| Deployment 2001–22c | 60 | 54 | 71 | 78 | 78 | 36 |
| Deceasedc | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Characteristics at study enrolmentd . | Overall . | Panel 1 . | Panel 2 . | Panel 3 . | Panel 4 . | Panel 5 . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 260 228 . | N = 77 019 . | N = 31 110 . | N = 43 438 . | N = 50 052 . | N = 58 609 . | |
| (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | (%) . | |
| Enrolment period | 2001–21 | 2001–03 | 2004–06 | 2007–08 | 2011–13 | 2020–21 |
| Age [M, standard deviation (SD)] | 29 (8) | 35 (9) | 25 (5) | 25 (4) | 27 (5) | 26 (5) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 69 | 73 | 62 | 64 | 73 | 69 |
| Female | 31 | 27 | 38 | 36 | 27 | 31 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 6 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 9 |
| Black, Non-Hispanic | 12 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 13 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 10 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 19 |
| Multiethnic or othera | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| White, Non-Hispanic | 69 | 74 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 55 |
| Paygrade | ||||||
| Enlisted | 82 | 77 | 88 | 89 | 84 | 80 |
| Officer | 18 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 16 | 20 |
| Service component | ||||||
| Active duty | 70 | 57 | 60 | 79 | 73 | 85 |
| Reserve or National Guard | 30 | 43 | 40 | 21 | 27 | 15 |
| Service branch | ||||||
| Air Forceb | 31 | 29 | 27 | 30 | 29 | 39 |
| Army | 43 | 47 | 48 | 36 | 45 | 35 |
| Coastguard | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Marine Corps | 9 | 5 | 8 | 16 | 10 | 11 |
| Navy | 15 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 11 |
| Age in 2023c (M, SD) | 42 (12) | 56 (9) | 43 (5) | 40 (4) | 39 (5) | 29 (5) |
| Separated from the Militaryc | 60 | 93 | 73 | 66 | 59 | 4 |
| Deployment 2001–22c | 60 | 54 | 71 | 78 | 78 | 36 |
| Deceasedc | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
‘Other’ includes those who reported multiple races and ‘none’ or ‘other’ for ethnicity.
Air Force currently includes Space Force participants.
Recent age is as of April 2023 and vital status is as of April 2022. At least one deployment in support of post-9/11 operations, predominately to locations in and around the Middle East region between September 2001 and November 2022. Separation from the military is as of December 2021.
Percentages may not add to 100 percent due to rounding.
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