Table 3.

Principles of hypoglycemia management in non-diabetic and diabetic ESRD patients

1. Managing acute hypoglycemia:
  • Administer 15–20 g of glucose per os

    • ○If repeat blood glucose is <70 mg/dL in 15 min, repeat glucose ingestion until blood glucose is >100 mg/dL

  • If patient is unable to tolerate per os, administer:

    • ○Intravenously dextrose 50% 50 mL or, if there is no intravenous access present, intramuscular 1 mg glucagon

    • ○Intravenous 10–20% Dextrose infusion if hypoglycemia persists

  • Discontinue temporarily causative hypoglycemic agent in diabetic patient

    • ○Consider octreotide if sulfonylurea overdose is suspected

2. Preventing and managing recurrent hypoglycemia:
  • Review and adjust hypoglycemic therapy in patients with diabetes

    • ○Consider using antidiabetic medications with low hypoglycemia risk

    • ○Reduce insulin dose in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes

    • ○Refer for diabetes education if indicated

  • Optimize nutrition

  • Implement ambulatory self-monitoring of blood glucose

1. Managing acute hypoglycemia:
  • Administer 15–20 g of glucose per os

    • ○If repeat blood glucose is <70 mg/dL in 15 min, repeat glucose ingestion until blood glucose is >100 mg/dL

  • If patient is unable to tolerate per os, administer:

    • ○Intravenously dextrose 50% 50 mL or, if there is no intravenous access present, intramuscular 1 mg glucagon

    • ○Intravenous 10–20% Dextrose infusion if hypoglycemia persists

  • Discontinue temporarily causative hypoglycemic agent in diabetic patient

    • ○Consider octreotide if sulfonylurea overdose is suspected

2. Preventing and managing recurrent hypoglycemia:
  • Review and adjust hypoglycemic therapy in patients with diabetes

    • ○Consider using antidiabetic medications with low hypoglycemia risk

    • ○Reduce insulin dose in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes

    • ○Refer for diabetes education if indicated

  • Optimize nutrition

  • Implement ambulatory self-monitoring of blood glucose

Table 3.

Principles of hypoglycemia management in non-diabetic and diabetic ESRD patients

1. Managing acute hypoglycemia:
  • Administer 15–20 g of glucose per os

    • ○If repeat blood glucose is <70 mg/dL in 15 min, repeat glucose ingestion until blood glucose is >100 mg/dL

  • If patient is unable to tolerate per os, administer:

    • ○Intravenously dextrose 50% 50 mL or, if there is no intravenous access present, intramuscular 1 mg glucagon

    • ○Intravenous 10–20% Dextrose infusion if hypoglycemia persists

  • Discontinue temporarily causative hypoglycemic agent in diabetic patient

    • ○Consider octreotide if sulfonylurea overdose is suspected

2. Preventing and managing recurrent hypoglycemia:
  • Review and adjust hypoglycemic therapy in patients with diabetes

    • ○Consider using antidiabetic medications with low hypoglycemia risk

    • ○Reduce insulin dose in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes

    • ○Refer for diabetes education if indicated

  • Optimize nutrition

  • Implement ambulatory self-monitoring of blood glucose

1. Managing acute hypoglycemia:
  • Administer 15–20 g of glucose per os

    • ○If repeat blood glucose is <70 mg/dL in 15 min, repeat glucose ingestion until blood glucose is >100 mg/dL

  • If patient is unable to tolerate per os, administer:

    • ○Intravenously dextrose 50% 50 mL or, if there is no intravenous access present, intramuscular 1 mg glucagon

    • ○Intravenous 10–20% Dextrose infusion if hypoglycemia persists

  • Discontinue temporarily causative hypoglycemic agent in diabetic patient

    • ○Consider octreotide if sulfonylurea overdose is suspected

2. Preventing and managing recurrent hypoglycemia:
  • Review and adjust hypoglycemic therapy in patients with diabetes

    • ○Consider using antidiabetic medications with low hypoglycemia risk

    • ○Reduce insulin dose in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes

    • ○Refer for diabetes education if indicated

  • Optimize nutrition

  • Implement ambulatory self-monitoring of blood glucose

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