Table 1.
PFAS subclasses and structures
| Subclass | Representative Structure | Compounds Discussed in This Review |
|---|---|---|
| Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (PFCAs) |  | PFBA (n = 2; CAS: 375-22-4) |
| PFPeA (n = 3; CAS: 2706-90-3) | ||
| PFHxA (n = 4; CAS: 307-24-4) | ||
| PFHpA (n = 5; CAS: 375-85-9) | ||
| PFOA (n = 6; CAS: 335-67-1) | ||
| PFNA (n = 7; CAS: 375-95-1) | ||
| PFDA (n = 8; CAS: 335-76-2) | ||
| PFUnDA (n = 9; CAS: 2058-94-8) | ||
| PFDoA (n = 10; CAS: 307-55-1) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids (PFSAs) |  | PFHxS (n = 5; CAS: 355-46-4) |
| PFOS (n = 7; CAS: 1763-23-1) | ||
| Cl-PFOSa (CAS: not available) | ||
| Per/poly-fluoroethers Carboxylic Acids (PFECAs) |  | GenXa (CAS: 13252-13-6) |
| PFMOBA (n = 5, m = 1; CAS: 863090-89-5) | ||
| PFDMMOBAa (CAS: 801212-59-9) | ||
| PFO2HpA (n = 3, m = 2; CAS: 151772-58-6) | ||
| ADONAa (CAS: 958445-44-8) | ||
| PFO3TDA (n = 8, m = 3; CAS: 330562-41-9) | ||
| PFO3DA (n = 5, m = 3; CAS: 151772-59-7) | ||
| PFO3OA (n = 3, m = 3; CAS: 39492-89-2) | ||
| PFO4DA (n = 4, m = 4; CAS: 39492-90-5) | ||
| PFO5DoDA (n = 5, m = 5; CAS: 39492-91-6) | ||
| Per/poly-fluoroether Sulfonic Acids (PFESAs) |  | 6:2 Cl-PFESA (n = 8, m = 1, R = Cl; CAS: 73606-19-6) |
| 8:2 Cl-PFESA (n = 10, m = 1, R = Cl; CAS: 83329-89-9) | ||
| PFESA 1a (Nafion Byproduct 1; CAS: 29311-67-9) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonyl Fluoride |  | PFOS-F (n = 7; CAS: 307-35-7) |
| Sulfonamides (FASAs) |  | FBSA (n = 3; CAS: 30334-69-1) |
| FOSA (n = 7; CAS: 754-91-6) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Phosphinic Acids (PFPiAs) |  | 8:8 PFPiA (n = 7; CAS: 500776-69-2) |
| Perfluoroalkyl Phosphonic Acids |  | – |
| Perfluoroalkyl Carboxamides |  | – |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids (FTSAs) |  | 4:2 FTSA (n = 3; CAS: 757124-72-4) |
| 6:2 FTSA (n = 5; CAS: 27619-97-2) | ||
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide (FTSAm) |  | 6:2 FTSAm (n = 5; CAS: not provided) |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkylbetaine (FTAB) |  | 6:2 FTAB (n = 5; CAS: 34455-29-3) |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkylamine (FTAA) |  | 6:2 FTAA (n = 5; CAS: 34455–22–6) |
| Fluorotelomer Alochol (FTOHs) |  | 6:2 FTOH (n = 5; CAS: 647-42-7) |
| Phosphate Esters |  | – |
| Carboxyesters |  | – |
| Other |  | OBS (CAS: 70829-87-7) |
| Subclass | Representative Structure | Compounds Discussed in This Review |
|---|---|---|
| Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (PFCAs) | | PFBA (n = 2; CAS: 375-22-4) |
| PFPeA (n = 3; CAS: 2706-90-3) | ||
| PFHxA (n = 4; CAS: 307-24-4) | ||
| PFHpA (n = 5; CAS: 375-85-9) | ||
| PFOA (n = 6; CAS: 335-67-1) | ||
| PFNA (n = 7; CAS: 375-95-1) | ||
| PFDA (n = 8; CAS: 335-76-2) | ||
| PFUnDA (n = 9; CAS: 2058-94-8) | ||
| PFDoA (n = 10; CAS: 307-55-1) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids (PFSAs) | | PFHxS (n = 5; CAS: 355-46-4) |
| PFOS (n = 7; CAS: 1763-23-1) | ||
| Cl-PFOSa (CAS: not available) | ||
| Per/poly-fluoroethers Carboxylic Acids (PFECAs) | | GenXa (CAS: 13252-13-6) |
| PFMOBA (n = 5, m = 1; CAS: 863090-89-5) | ||
| PFDMMOBAa (CAS: 801212-59-9) | ||
| PFO2HpA (n = 3, m = 2; CAS: 151772-58-6) | ||
| ADONAa (CAS: 958445-44-8) | ||
| PFO3TDA (n = 8, m = 3; CAS: 330562-41-9) | ||
| PFO3DA (n = 5, m = 3; CAS: 151772-59-7) | ||
| PFO3OA (n = 3, m = 3; CAS: 39492-89-2) | ||
| PFO4DA (n = 4, m = 4; CAS: 39492-90-5) | ||
| PFO5DoDA (n = 5, m = 5; CAS: 39492-91-6) | ||
| Per/poly-fluoroether Sulfonic Acids (PFESAs) | | 6:2 Cl-PFESA (n = 8, m = 1, R = Cl; CAS: 73606-19-6) |
| 8:2 Cl-PFESA (n = 10, m = 1, R = Cl; CAS: 83329-89-9) | ||
| PFESA 1a (Nafion Byproduct 1; CAS: 29311-67-9) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonyl Fluoride | | PFOS-F (n = 7; CAS: 307-35-7) |
| Sulfonamides (FASAs) | | FBSA (n = 3; CAS: 30334-69-1) |
| FOSA (n = 7; CAS: 754-91-6) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Phosphinic Acids (PFPiAs) | | 8:8 PFPiA (n = 7; CAS: 500776-69-2) |
| Perfluoroalkyl Phosphonic Acids | | – |
| Perfluoroalkyl Carboxamides | | – |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids (FTSAs) | | 4:2 FTSA (n = 3; CAS: 757124-72-4) |
| 6:2 FTSA (n = 5; CAS: 27619-97-2) | ||
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide (FTSAm) | | 6:2 FTSAm (n = 5; CAS: not provided) |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkylbetaine (FTAB) | | 6:2 FTAB (n = 5; CAS: 34455-29-3) |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkylamine (FTAA) | | 6:2 FTAA (n = 5; CAS: 34455–22–6) |
| Fluorotelomer Alochol (FTOHs) | | 6:2 FTOH (n = 5; CAS: 647-42-7) |
| Phosphate Esters | | – |
| Carboxyesters | | – |
| Other | | OBS (CAS: 70829-87-7) |
Specified structures and CAS numbers are representative. Additional CAS numbers for a given PFAS (eg, for a salt form of the compound) may have been used in the referenced studies.
a
Not represented by representative structure due to additional R group or branching.
Table 1.
PFAS subclasses and structures
| Subclass | Representative Structure | Compounds Discussed in This Review |
|---|---|---|
| Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (PFCAs) | | PFBA (n = 2; CAS: 375-22-4) |
| PFPeA (n = 3; CAS: 2706-90-3) | ||
| PFHxA (n = 4; CAS: 307-24-4) | ||
| PFHpA (n = 5; CAS: 375-85-9) | ||
| PFOA (n = 6; CAS: 335-67-1) | ||
| PFNA (n = 7; CAS: 375-95-1) | ||
| PFDA (n = 8; CAS: 335-76-2) | ||
| PFUnDA (n = 9; CAS: 2058-94-8) | ||
| PFDoA (n = 10; CAS: 307-55-1) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids (PFSAs) | | PFHxS (n = 5; CAS: 355-46-4) |
| PFOS (n = 7; CAS: 1763-23-1) | ||
| Cl-PFOSa (CAS: not available) | ||
| Per/poly-fluoroethers Carboxylic Acids (PFECAs) | | GenXa (CAS: 13252-13-6) |
| PFMOBA (n = 5, m = 1; CAS: 863090-89-5) | ||
| PFDMMOBAa (CAS: 801212-59-9) | ||
| PFO2HpA (n = 3, m = 2; CAS: 151772-58-6) | ||
| ADONAa (CAS: 958445-44-8) | ||
| PFO3TDA (n = 8, m = 3; CAS: 330562-41-9) | ||
| PFO3DA (n = 5, m = 3; CAS: 151772-59-7) | ||
| PFO3OA (n = 3, m = 3; CAS: 39492-89-2) | ||
| PFO4DA (n = 4, m = 4; CAS: 39492-90-5) | ||
| PFO5DoDA (n = 5, m = 5; CAS: 39492-91-6) | ||
| Per/poly-fluoroether Sulfonic Acids (PFESAs) | | 6:2 Cl-PFESA (n = 8, m = 1, R = Cl; CAS: 73606-19-6) |
| 8:2 Cl-PFESA (n = 10, m = 1, R = Cl; CAS: 83329-89-9) | ||
| PFESA 1a (Nafion Byproduct 1; CAS: 29311-67-9) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonyl Fluoride | | PFOS-F (n = 7; CAS: 307-35-7) |
| Sulfonamides (FASAs) | | FBSA (n = 3; CAS: 30334-69-1) |
| FOSA (n = 7; CAS: 754-91-6) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Phosphinic Acids (PFPiAs) | | 8:8 PFPiA (n = 7; CAS: 500776-69-2) |
| Perfluoroalkyl Phosphonic Acids | | – |
| Perfluoroalkyl Carboxamides | | – |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids (FTSAs) | | 4:2 FTSA (n = 3; CAS: 757124-72-4) |
| 6:2 FTSA (n = 5; CAS: 27619-97-2) | ||
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide (FTSAm) | | 6:2 FTSAm (n = 5; CAS: not provided) |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkylbetaine (FTAB) | | 6:2 FTAB (n = 5; CAS: 34455-29-3) |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkylamine (FTAA) | | 6:2 FTAA (n = 5; CAS: 34455–22–6) |
| Fluorotelomer Alochol (FTOHs) | | 6:2 FTOH (n = 5; CAS: 647-42-7) |
| Phosphate Esters | | – |
| Carboxyesters | | – |
| Other | | OBS (CAS: 70829-87-7) |
| Subclass | Representative Structure | Compounds Discussed in This Review |
|---|---|---|
| Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (PFCAs) | | PFBA (n = 2; CAS: 375-22-4) |
| PFPeA (n = 3; CAS: 2706-90-3) | ||
| PFHxA (n = 4; CAS: 307-24-4) | ||
| PFHpA (n = 5; CAS: 375-85-9) | ||
| PFOA (n = 6; CAS: 335-67-1) | ||
| PFNA (n = 7; CAS: 375-95-1) | ||
| PFDA (n = 8; CAS: 335-76-2) | ||
| PFUnDA (n = 9; CAS: 2058-94-8) | ||
| PFDoA (n = 10; CAS: 307-55-1) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids (PFSAs) | | PFHxS (n = 5; CAS: 355-46-4) |
| PFOS (n = 7; CAS: 1763-23-1) | ||
| Cl-PFOSa (CAS: not available) | ||
| Per/poly-fluoroethers Carboxylic Acids (PFECAs) | | GenXa (CAS: 13252-13-6) |
| PFMOBA (n = 5, m = 1; CAS: 863090-89-5) | ||
| PFDMMOBAa (CAS: 801212-59-9) | ||
| PFO2HpA (n = 3, m = 2; CAS: 151772-58-6) | ||
| ADONAa (CAS: 958445-44-8) | ||
| PFO3TDA (n = 8, m = 3; CAS: 330562-41-9) | ||
| PFO3DA (n = 5, m = 3; CAS: 151772-59-7) | ||
| PFO3OA (n = 3, m = 3; CAS: 39492-89-2) | ||
| PFO4DA (n = 4, m = 4; CAS: 39492-90-5) | ||
| PFO5DoDA (n = 5, m = 5; CAS: 39492-91-6) | ||
| Per/poly-fluoroether Sulfonic Acids (PFESAs) | | 6:2 Cl-PFESA (n = 8, m = 1, R = Cl; CAS: 73606-19-6) |
| 8:2 Cl-PFESA (n = 10, m = 1, R = Cl; CAS: 83329-89-9) | ||
| PFESA 1a (Nafion Byproduct 1; CAS: 29311-67-9) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonyl Fluoride | | PFOS-F (n = 7; CAS: 307-35-7) |
| Sulfonamides (FASAs) | | FBSA (n = 3; CAS: 30334-69-1) |
| FOSA (n = 7; CAS: 754-91-6) | ||
| Perfluoroalkyl Phosphinic Acids (PFPiAs) | | 8:8 PFPiA (n = 7; CAS: 500776-69-2) |
| Perfluoroalkyl Phosphonic Acids | | – |
| Perfluoroalkyl Carboxamides | | – |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids (FTSAs) | | 4:2 FTSA (n = 3; CAS: 757124-72-4) |
| 6:2 FTSA (n = 5; CAS: 27619-97-2) | ||
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide (FTSAm) | | 6:2 FTSAm (n = 5; CAS: not provided) |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkylbetaine (FTAB) | | 6:2 FTAB (n = 5; CAS: 34455-29-3) |
| Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkylamine (FTAA) | | 6:2 FTAA (n = 5; CAS: 34455–22–6) |
| Fluorotelomer Alochol (FTOHs) | | 6:2 FTOH (n = 5; CAS: 647-42-7) |
| Phosphate Esters | | – |
| Carboxyesters | | – |
| Other | | OBS (CAS: 70829-87-7) |
Specified structures and CAS numbers are representative. Additional CAS numbers for a given PFAS (eg, for a salt form of the compound) may have been used in the referenced studies.
a
Not represented by representative structure due to additional R group or branching.
