TABLE I.

Preflight, Postflight, and Change in Pain Scores Utilizing the Universal Pain Assessment Tool

Control group (n = 54)Intervention group (n = 34)
FieldsMeanMedianStd. DevMeanMedianStd. Dev
Preflight overall1.2611.531.9121.40
Preflight neck0.5901.120.9401.43
Preflight mid back0.7601.100.7601.13
Preflight lower back0.6701.181.5611.52
Preflight buttocks0.2400.780.4401.05
Preflight other0.3500.950.3800.79
Postflight overall3.1332.212.7131.38
Postflight neck1.3001.561.150.51.44
Postflight mid back1.6811.761.0001.48
Postflight lower back1.941.51.971.9421.67
Postflight buttocks0.8901.341.2111.49
Postflight other0.7401.550.7901.47
Change overall*2.0021.900.6811.31
Change neck*0.7300.940.2200.87
Change mid back*1.0011.230.3801.39
Change lower back*1.3311.370.7501.57
Change buttocks0.6701.250.3401.36
Change other0.3901.330.7901.47
Control group (n = 54)Intervention group (n = 34)
FieldsMeanMedianStd. DevMeanMedianStd. Dev
Preflight overall1.2611.531.9121.40
Preflight neck0.5901.120.9401.43
Preflight mid back0.7601.100.7601.13
Preflight lower back0.6701.181.5611.52
Preflight buttocks0.2400.780.4401.05
Preflight other0.3500.950.3800.79
Postflight overall3.1332.212.7131.38
Postflight neck1.3001.561.150.51.44
Postflight mid back1.6811.761.0001.48
Postflight lower back1.941.51.971.9421.67
Postflight buttocks0.8901.341.2111.49
Postflight other0.7401.550.7901.47
Change overall*2.0021.900.6811.31
Change neck*0.7300.940.2200.87
Change mid back*1.0011.230.3801.39
Change lower back*1.3311.370.7501.57
Change buttocks0.6701.250.3401.36
Change other0.3901.330.7901.47

*The Mann–Whitney test statistical significance P < .05.

Abbreviations: Std. Dev, standard deviation.

TABLE I.

Preflight, Postflight, and Change in Pain Scores Utilizing the Universal Pain Assessment Tool

Control group (n = 54)Intervention group (n = 34)
FieldsMeanMedianStd. DevMeanMedianStd. Dev
Preflight overall1.2611.531.9121.40
Preflight neck0.5901.120.9401.43
Preflight mid back0.7601.100.7601.13
Preflight lower back0.6701.181.5611.52
Preflight buttocks0.2400.780.4401.05
Preflight other0.3500.950.3800.79
Postflight overall3.1332.212.7131.38
Postflight neck1.3001.561.150.51.44
Postflight mid back1.6811.761.0001.48
Postflight lower back1.941.51.971.9421.67
Postflight buttocks0.8901.341.2111.49
Postflight other0.7401.550.7901.47
Change overall*2.0021.900.6811.31
Change neck*0.7300.940.2200.87
Change mid back*1.0011.230.3801.39
Change lower back*1.3311.370.7501.57
Change buttocks0.6701.250.3401.36
Change other0.3901.330.7901.47
Control group (n = 54)Intervention group (n = 34)
FieldsMeanMedianStd. DevMeanMedianStd. Dev
Preflight overall1.2611.531.9121.40
Preflight neck0.5901.120.9401.43
Preflight mid back0.7601.100.7601.13
Preflight lower back0.6701.181.5611.52
Preflight buttocks0.2400.780.4401.05
Preflight other0.3500.950.3800.79
Postflight overall3.1332.212.7131.38
Postflight neck1.3001.561.150.51.44
Postflight mid back1.6811.761.0001.48
Postflight lower back1.941.51.971.9421.67
Postflight buttocks0.8901.341.2111.49
Postflight other0.7401.550.7901.47
Change overall*2.0021.900.6811.31
Change neck*0.7300.940.2200.87
Change mid back*1.0011.230.3801.39
Change lower back*1.3311.370.7501.57
Change buttocks0.6701.250.3401.36
Change other0.3901.330.7901.47

*The Mann–Whitney test statistical significance P < .05.

Abbreviations: Std. Dev, standard deviation.

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