Distribution of Opioid Prescriptions by Patient-Specific Risk Factors for Opioid-Related Adverse Events (Overdose or Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression)
| . | Morphine equivalent daily dose . | Day supply . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Mean . | Range . | P value . | Mean . | Range . | P value . |
| Alcohol use disorder | 0.2303 | |||||
| Without (n = 78) | 40.51 | 10-180 | 0.9496 | 5.27 | 1-30 | |
| With (n = 22) | 40.41 | 15-90 | 4.36 | 1-14 | ||
| Substance use disorder | 0.4926 | 0.0297 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.75 | 10-180 | 5.14 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 27.5 | 10-45 | 1.5 | 1-2 | ||
| Opioid use disorder | 0.3757 | 0.1273 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.09 | 10-180 | 5.12 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 60 | 30-90 | 2.5 | 2-3 | ||
| Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | 0.4853 | 0.4670 | ||||
| Without (n = 75) | 42.32 | 10-180 | 5.31 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 25) | 35 | 15-60 | 4.36 | 1-14 | ||
| Major depressive disorder | 0.9679 | |||||
| Without (n = 65) | 40.18 | 10-90 | 5.17 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 35) | 41.06 | 10-180 | 4.89 | 1-14 | 0.9124 | |
| Anxiety | 0.5364 | 0.1259 | ||||
| Without (n = 82) | 38.85 | 10-90 | 5.23 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 18) | 47.94 | 10-180 | 4.33 | 1-14 | ||
| Bipolar | 0.9592 | 0.5248 | ||||
| Without (n = 97) | 40.63 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 3) | 36 | 18-45 | 3.67 | 2-5 | ||
| ADD/ADHD | 0.7082 | 0.0297 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.53 | 10-180 | 5.14 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 38.75 | 37.5-40 | 1.5 | 1-2 | ||
| Insomnia | 0.0835 | 0.3389 | ||||
| Without (n = 89) | 39.48 | 10-180 | 5.21 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 11) | 48.64 | 15-90 | 3.91 | 1-7 | ||
| Chronic pain diagnosis | 0.5522 | 0.6773 | ||||
| Without (n = 39) | 43.99 | 10-180 | 4.77 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 61) | 38.25 | 10-90 | 5.26 | 1-30 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 0.9936 | 0.1837 | ||||
| Without (n = 75) | 39.17 | 10-90 | 4.61 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 25) | 44.46 | 15-180 | 6.44 | 2-30 | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | 0.3977 | 0.1848 | ||||
| Without (n = 94) | 41.09 | 10-180 | 4.96 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 6) | 31.17 | 20-45 | 6.83 | 2-14 | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.6370 | 0.7252 | ||||
| Without (n = 25) | 39.7 | 10-90 | 4.6 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 75) | 40.75 | 10-180 | 5.23 | 1-30 | ||
| Diabetes | 0.5424 | 0.4749 | ||||
| Without (n = 67) | 42.08 | 10-180 | 4.99 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 33) | 37.26 | 15-90 | 5.24 | 1-30 | ||
| Neurologic disease | 0.6737 | 0.8882 | ||||
| Without (n = 91) | 40.46 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 9) | 40.83 | 20-90 | 4.67 | 1-10 | ||
| Renal disease | 0.8911 | 0.7316 | ||||
| Without (n = 85) | 40.66 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 15) | 39.5 | 15-90 | 4.87 | 2-14 | ||
| Concomitant benzodiazepines | 0.2833 | 0.2996 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.40 | 10-180 | 5.06 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 45 | 45 | 5.5 | 5-6 | ||
| . | Morphine equivalent daily dose . | Day supply . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Mean . | Range . | P value . | Mean . | Range . | P value . |
| Alcohol use disorder | 0.2303 | |||||
| Without (n = 78) | 40.51 | 10-180 | 0.9496 | 5.27 | 1-30 | |
| With (n = 22) | 40.41 | 15-90 | 4.36 | 1-14 | ||
| Substance use disorder | 0.4926 | 0.0297 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.75 | 10-180 | 5.14 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 27.5 | 10-45 | 1.5 | 1-2 | ||
| Opioid use disorder | 0.3757 | 0.1273 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.09 | 10-180 | 5.12 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 60 | 30-90 | 2.5 | 2-3 | ||
| Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | 0.4853 | 0.4670 | ||||
| Without (n = 75) | 42.32 | 10-180 | 5.31 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 25) | 35 | 15-60 | 4.36 | 1-14 | ||
| Major depressive disorder | 0.9679 | |||||
| Without (n = 65) | 40.18 | 10-90 | 5.17 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 35) | 41.06 | 10-180 | 4.89 | 1-14 | 0.9124 | |
| Anxiety | 0.5364 | 0.1259 | ||||
| Without (n = 82) | 38.85 | 10-90 | 5.23 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 18) | 47.94 | 10-180 | 4.33 | 1-14 | ||
| Bipolar | 0.9592 | 0.5248 | ||||
| Without (n = 97) | 40.63 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 3) | 36 | 18-45 | 3.67 | 2-5 | ||
| ADD/ADHD | 0.7082 | 0.0297 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.53 | 10-180 | 5.14 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 38.75 | 37.5-40 | 1.5 | 1-2 | ||
| Insomnia | 0.0835 | 0.3389 | ||||
| Without (n = 89) | 39.48 | 10-180 | 5.21 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 11) | 48.64 | 15-90 | 3.91 | 1-7 | ||
| Chronic pain diagnosis | 0.5522 | 0.6773 | ||||
| Without (n = 39) | 43.99 | 10-180 | 4.77 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 61) | 38.25 | 10-90 | 5.26 | 1-30 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 0.9936 | 0.1837 | ||||
| Without (n = 75) | 39.17 | 10-90 | 4.61 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 25) | 44.46 | 15-180 | 6.44 | 2-30 | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | 0.3977 | 0.1848 | ||||
| Without (n = 94) | 41.09 | 10-180 | 4.96 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 6) | 31.17 | 20-45 | 6.83 | 2-14 | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.6370 | 0.7252 | ||||
| Without (n = 25) | 39.7 | 10-90 | 4.6 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 75) | 40.75 | 10-180 | 5.23 | 1-30 | ||
| Diabetes | 0.5424 | 0.4749 | ||||
| Without (n = 67) | 42.08 | 10-180 | 4.99 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 33) | 37.26 | 15-90 | 5.24 | 1-30 | ||
| Neurologic disease | 0.6737 | 0.8882 | ||||
| Without (n = 91) | 40.46 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 9) | 40.83 | 20-90 | 4.67 | 1-10 | ||
| Renal disease | 0.8911 | 0.7316 | ||||
| Without (n = 85) | 40.66 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 15) | 39.5 | 15-90 | 4.87 | 2-14 | ||
| Concomitant benzodiazepines | 0.2833 | 0.2996 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.40 | 10-180 | 5.06 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 45 | 45 | 5.5 | 5-6 | ||
This is a table of comorbidities known to influence risk for opioid-induced respiratory depression. There were no significantly different distributions between the duration and quantity of opioids prescribed at discharge as stratified by comorbidity.
Distribution of Opioid Prescriptions by Patient-Specific Risk Factors for Opioid-Related Adverse Events (Overdose or Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression)
| . | Morphine equivalent daily dose . | Day supply . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Mean . | Range . | P value . | Mean . | Range . | P value . |
| Alcohol use disorder | 0.2303 | |||||
| Without (n = 78) | 40.51 | 10-180 | 0.9496 | 5.27 | 1-30 | |
| With (n = 22) | 40.41 | 15-90 | 4.36 | 1-14 | ||
| Substance use disorder | 0.4926 | 0.0297 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.75 | 10-180 | 5.14 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 27.5 | 10-45 | 1.5 | 1-2 | ||
| Opioid use disorder | 0.3757 | 0.1273 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.09 | 10-180 | 5.12 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 60 | 30-90 | 2.5 | 2-3 | ||
| Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | 0.4853 | 0.4670 | ||||
| Without (n = 75) | 42.32 | 10-180 | 5.31 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 25) | 35 | 15-60 | 4.36 | 1-14 | ||
| Major depressive disorder | 0.9679 | |||||
| Without (n = 65) | 40.18 | 10-90 | 5.17 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 35) | 41.06 | 10-180 | 4.89 | 1-14 | 0.9124 | |
| Anxiety | 0.5364 | 0.1259 | ||||
| Without (n = 82) | 38.85 | 10-90 | 5.23 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 18) | 47.94 | 10-180 | 4.33 | 1-14 | ||
| Bipolar | 0.9592 | 0.5248 | ||||
| Without (n = 97) | 40.63 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 3) | 36 | 18-45 | 3.67 | 2-5 | ||
| ADD/ADHD | 0.7082 | 0.0297 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.53 | 10-180 | 5.14 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 38.75 | 37.5-40 | 1.5 | 1-2 | ||
| Insomnia | 0.0835 | 0.3389 | ||||
| Without (n = 89) | 39.48 | 10-180 | 5.21 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 11) | 48.64 | 15-90 | 3.91 | 1-7 | ||
| Chronic pain diagnosis | 0.5522 | 0.6773 | ||||
| Without (n = 39) | 43.99 | 10-180 | 4.77 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 61) | 38.25 | 10-90 | 5.26 | 1-30 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 0.9936 | 0.1837 | ||||
| Without (n = 75) | 39.17 | 10-90 | 4.61 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 25) | 44.46 | 15-180 | 6.44 | 2-30 | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | 0.3977 | 0.1848 | ||||
| Without (n = 94) | 41.09 | 10-180 | 4.96 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 6) | 31.17 | 20-45 | 6.83 | 2-14 | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.6370 | 0.7252 | ||||
| Without (n = 25) | 39.7 | 10-90 | 4.6 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 75) | 40.75 | 10-180 | 5.23 | 1-30 | ||
| Diabetes | 0.5424 | 0.4749 | ||||
| Without (n = 67) | 42.08 | 10-180 | 4.99 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 33) | 37.26 | 15-90 | 5.24 | 1-30 | ||
| Neurologic disease | 0.6737 | 0.8882 | ||||
| Without (n = 91) | 40.46 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 9) | 40.83 | 20-90 | 4.67 | 1-10 | ||
| Renal disease | 0.8911 | 0.7316 | ||||
| Without (n = 85) | 40.66 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 15) | 39.5 | 15-90 | 4.87 | 2-14 | ||
| Concomitant benzodiazepines | 0.2833 | 0.2996 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.40 | 10-180 | 5.06 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 45 | 45 | 5.5 | 5-6 | ||
| . | Morphine equivalent daily dose . | Day supply . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| . | Mean . | Range . | P value . | Mean . | Range . | P value . |
| Alcohol use disorder | 0.2303 | |||||
| Without (n = 78) | 40.51 | 10-180 | 0.9496 | 5.27 | 1-30 | |
| With (n = 22) | 40.41 | 15-90 | 4.36 | 1-14 | ||
| Substance use disorder | 0.4926 | 0.0297 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.75 | 10-180 | 5.14 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 27.5 | 10-45 | 1.5 | 1-2 | ||
| Opioid use disorder | 0.3757 | 0.1273 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.09 | 10-180 | 5.12 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 60 | 30-90 | 2.5 | 2-3 | ||
| Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | 0.4853 | 0.4670 | ||||
| Without (n = 75) | 42.32 | 10-180 | 5.31 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 25) | 35 | 15-60 | 4.36 | 1-14 | ||
| Major depressive disorder | 0.9679 | |||||
| Without (n = 65) | 40.18 | 10-90 | 5.17 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 35) | 41.06 | 10-180 | 4.89 | 1-14 | 0.9124 | |
| Anxiety | 0.5364 | 0.1259 | ||||
| Without (n = 82) | 38.85 | 10-90 | 5.23 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 18) | 47.94 | 10-180 | 4.33 | 1-14 | ||
| Bipolar | 0.9592 | 0.5248 | ||||
| Without (n = 97) | 40.63 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 3) | 36 | 18-45 | 3.67 | 2-5 | ||
| ADD/ADHD | 0.7082 | 0.0297 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.53 | 10-180 | 5.14 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 38.75 | 37.5-40 | 1.5 | 1-2 | ||
| Insomnia | 0.0835 | 0.3389 | ||||
| Without (n = 89) | 39.48 | 10-180 | 5.21 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 11) | 48.64 | 15-90 | 3.91 | 1-7 | ||
| Chronic pain diagnosis | 0.5522 | 0.6773 | ||||
| Without (n = 39) | 43.99 | 10-180 | 4.77 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 61) | 38.25 | 10-90 | 5.26 | 1-30 | ||
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 0.9936 | 0.1837 | ||||
| Without (n = 75) | 39.17 | 10-90 | 4.61 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 25) | 44.46 | 15-180 | 6.44 | 2-30 | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | 0.3977 | 0.1848 | ||||
| Without (n = 94) | 41.09 | 10-180 | 4.96 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 6) | 31.17 | 20-45 | 6.83 | 2-14 | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.6370 | 0.7252 | ||||
| Without (n = 25) | 39.7 | 10-90 | 4.6 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 75) | 40.75 | 10-180 | 5.23 | 1-30 | ||
| Diabetes | 0.5424 | 0.4749 | ||||
| Without (n = 67) | 42.08 | 10-180 | 4.99 | 1-14 | ||
| With (n = 33) | 37.26 | 15-90 | 5.24 | 1-30 | ||
| Neurologic disease | 0.6737 | 0.8882 | ||||
| Without (n = 91) | 40.46 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 9) | 40.83 | 20-90 | 4.67 | 1-10 | ||
| Renal disease | 0.8911 | 0.7316 | ||||
| Without (n = 85) | 40.66 | 10-180 | 5.11 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 15) | 39.5 | 15-90 | 4.87 | 2-14 | ||
| Concomitant benzodiazepines | 0.2833 | 0.2996 | ||||
| Without (n = 98) | 40.40 | 10-180 | 5.06 | 1-30 | ||
| With (n = 2) | 45 | 45 | 5.5 | 5-6 | ||
This is a table of comorbidities known to influence risk for opioid-induced respiratory depression. There were no significantly different distributions between the duration and quantity of opioids prescribed at discharge as stratified by comorbidity.
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