Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis for 14-Day Mortality in Patients With Suspected Sepsis
| Variable . | Survivors (n = 143) n (%) . | Nonsurvivors (n = 60) n (%) . | Bivariate Analysis . | Multivariate Analysis Propensity Score as Covariable . | Multivariate Analysis Using Inverse Probability Weighted Cohort . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . | |||
| Male Female | 109 (76) 34 (24) | 44 (73) 16 (27) | 1.04 (.8–1.3) | .7 | … | |||
| Age, mean (IQR), y | 50 (17–89) | 59 (23–93) | … | .002 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | .01 | 1.02 (1.00–1.06) | .03 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean (IQR) | 3 (0–11) | 4 (0–10) | … | .01 | … | … | ||
| Previous hospitalization,a n (%) | 30 (21) | 21 (35) | 1.8 (.9–3.4) | .08 | … | … | ||
| Previous surgery,a n (%) | 91 (64) | 39 (65) | 1.01 (.8–1.2) | .9 | … | … | ||
| Previous immunosuppression,a n (%) | 35 (24) | 16 (27) | 1.03 (.8–1.3) | .7 | … | … | ||
| Previous use of antibiotic,a n (%) | 134 (94) | 53 (88) | 0.8 (.5–1.2) | .2 | … | … | ||
| Current use of antibiotics, n (%) | 77 (54) | 42 (70) | 1.2 (1.02–1.4) | .03 | … | … | ||
| Previous hospital stay, mean (IQR), d | 4 | 6 | … | .1 | … | … | ||
| Suspected sepsis treatment in the intensive care unit, n (%) | 131 (93) | 58 (97) | 2.2 (.5–10.4) | .3 | … | … | ||
| Axillary temperature ≥ 38°C, n (%) | 97 (68) | 32 (53) | 0.8 (.7–1.01) | .05 | … | … | ||
| Axillary temperature ≤36°C, n (%) | 21 (15) | 18 (30) | 1.4 (1.02–1.9) | .01 | … | … | ||
| Oxygen therapy, n (%) | 113 (79) | 55 (92) | 1.3 (1.07–1.5) | .04 | … | … | ||
| Altered mental status, n (%) | 70 (50) | 32 (53) | 1.3 (.9–1.7) | .08 | … | … | ||
| More than 10% of young neutrophil forms (band cell and/or neutrophilic metamyelocyte), n (%) | 28 (19) | 16 (27) | 1.1 (.9–1.5) | .3 | … | … | ||
| Platelets (×10³/mm³), mean (IQR) | 326.4 (1–4510) | 235.1 (9–1200) | .05 | |||||
| Creatinine value >1.2 mg/dL, n (%) | 89 (62) | 48 (80) | 1.3 (1.06–1.5) | .01 | ||||
| Serum lactate value >14 mg/dL, n (%) | 78 (55) | 43 (72) | 1.2 (1.04–1.5) | .02 | ||||
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | 8 (1–21) | 11 (3–20) | 1.1 (1.06–1.2) | <.001 | 1.2 (1.09–1.32) | <.001 | 1.15 (1.07–1.32) | .006 |
| Initial empirical use of meropenem, n (%) | 75 (52) | 32 (53) | 1.01 (.9–1.2) | .9 | ||||
| Initial empirical use of vancomycin, n (%) | 86 (60) | 38 (63) | 1.04 (.9–1.3) | .7 | ||||
| Initial empirical use of polymyxin, n (%) | 101 (71) | 39 (65) | 0.9 (.8–1.1) | .4 | 0.71 (.29–1.71) | .44 | 0.74 (.84–1.11) | .61 |
| Time between suspected sepsis and antibiotic administration, mean (IQR), min | 107 (0–1131) | 67 (0–418) | … | .2 | 0.73 (.65–0.83) | <.001 | 0.76 (.62–0.84) | .002 |
| Patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria infection, n (%) | 41 (29) | 29 (48) | 1.3 (1.05–1.6) | .007 | 3.94 (1.53–10.14) | .005 | 3.52 (1.56–11.83) | .005 |
| Propensity score | … | … | … | 2.07 (.18–23.79) | .56 | |||
| Variable . | Survivors (n = 143) n (%) . | Nonsurvivors (n = 60) n (%) . | Bivariate Analysis . | Multivariate Analysis Propensity Score as Covariable . | Multivariate Analysis Using Inverse Probability Weighted Cohort . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . | |||
| Male Female | 109 (76) 34 (24) | 44 (73) 16 (27) | 1.04 (.8–1.3) | .7 | … | |||
| Age, mean (IQR), y | 50 (17–89) | 59 (23–93) | … | .002 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | .01 | 1.02 (1.00–1.06) | .03 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean (IQR) | 3 (0–11) | 4 (0–10) | … | .01 | … | … | ||
| Previous hospitalization,a n (%) | 30 (21) | 21 (35) | 1.8 (.9–3.4) | .08 | … | … | ||
| Previous surgery,a n (%) | 91 (64) | 39 (65) | 1.01 (.8–1.2) | .9 | … | … | ||
| Previous immunosuppression,a n (%) | 35 (24) | 16 (27) | 1.03 (.8–1.3) | .7 | … | … | ||
| Previous use of antibiotic,a n (%) | 134 (94) | 53 (88) | 0.8 (.5–1.2) | .2 | … | … | ||
| Current use of antibiotics, n (%) | 77 (54) | 42 (70) | 1.2 (1.02–1.4) | .03 | … | … | ||
| Previous hospital stay, mean (IQR), d | 4 | 6 | … | .1 | … | … | ||
| Suspected sepsis treatment in the intensive care unit, n (%) | 131 (93) | 58 (97) | 2.2 (.5–10.4) | .3 | … | … | ||
| Axillary temperature ≥ 38°C, n (%) | 97 (68) | 32 (53) | 0.8 (.7–1.01) | .05 | … | … | ||
| Axillary temperature ≤36°C, n (%) | 21 (15) | 18 (30) | 1.4 (1.02–1.9) | .01 | … | … | ||
| Oxygen therapy, n (%) | 113 (79) | 55 (92) | 1.3 (1.07–1.5) | .04 | … | … | ||
| Altered mental status, n (%) | 70 (50) | 32 (53) | 1.3 (.9–1.7) | .08 | … | … | ||
| More than 10% of young neutrophil forms (band cell and/or neutrophilic metamyelocyte), n (%) | 28 (19) | 16 (27) | 1.1 (.9–1.5) | .3 | … | … | ||
| Platelets (×10³/mm³), mean (IQR) | 326.4 (1–4510) | 235.1 (9–1200) | .05 | |||||
| Creatinine value >1.2 mg/dL, n (%) | 89 (62) | 48 (80) | 1.3 (1.06–1.5) | .01 | ||||
| Serum lactate value >14 mg/dL, n (%) | 78 (55) | 43 (72) | 1.2 (1.04–1.5) | .02 | ||||
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | 8 (1–21) | 11 (3–20) | 1.1 (1.06–1.2) | <.001 | 1.2 (1.09–1.32) | <.001 | 1.15 (1.07–1.32) | .006 |
| Initial empirical use of meropenem, n (%) | 75 (52) | 32 (53) | 1.01 (.9–1.2) | .9 | ||||
| Initial empirical use of vancomycin, n (%) | 86 (60) | 38 (63) | 1.04 (.9–1.3) | .7 | ||||
| Initial empirical use of polymyxin, n (%) | 101 (71) | 39 (65) | 0.9 (.8–1.1) | .4 | 0.71 (.29–1.71) | .44 | 0.74 (.84–1.11) | .61 |
| Time between suspected sepsis and antibiotic administration, mean (IQR), min | 107 (0–1131) | 67 (0–418) | … | .2 | 0.73 (.65–0.83) | <.001 | 0.76 (.62–0.84) | .002 |
| Patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria infection, n (%) | 41 (29) | 29 (48) | 1.3 (1.05–1.6) | .007 | 3.94 (1.53–10.14) | .005 | 3.52 (1.56–11.83) | .005 |
| Propensity score | … | … | … | 2.07 (.18–23.79) | .56 | |||
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; SOFA, sepsis-related organ failure assessment.
Previous hospitalization, previous surgery, previous immunosuppression, and previous use of antibiotics are those that occurred 90 days prior to the current hospital admission.
Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis for 14-Day Mortality in Patients With Suspected Sepsis
| Variable . | Survivors (n = 143) n (%) . | Nonsurvivors (n = 60) n (%) . | Bivariate Analysis . | Multivariate Analysis Propensity Score as Covariable . | Multivariate Analysis Using Inverse Probability Weighted Cohort . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . | |||
| Male Female | 109 (76) 34 (24) | 44 (73) 16 (27) | 1.04 (.8–1.3) | .7 | … | |||
| Age, mean (IQR), y | 50 (17–89) | 59 (23–93) | … | .002 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | .01 | 1.02 (1.00–1.06) | .03 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean (IQR) | 3 (0–11) | 4 (0–10) | … | .01 | … | … | ||
| Previous hospitalization,a n (%) | 30 (21) | 21 (35) | 1.8 (.9–3.4) | .08 | … | … | ||
| Previous surgery,a n (%) | 91 (64) | 39 (65) | 1.01 (.8–1.2) | .9 | … | … | ||
| Previous immunosuppression,a n (%) | 35 (24) | 16 (27) | 1.03 (.8–1.3) | .7 | … | … | ||
| Previous use of antibiotic,a n (%) | 134 (94) | 53 (88) | 0.8 (.5–1.2) | .2 | … | … | ||
| Current use of antibiotics, n (%) | 77 (54) | 42 (70) | 1.2 (1.02–1.4) | .03 | … | … | ||
| Previous hospital stay, mean (IQR), d | 4 | 6 | … | .1 | … | … | ||
| Suspected sepsis treatment in the intensive care unit, n (%) | 131 (93) | 58 (97) | 2.2 (.5–10.4) | .3 | … | … | ||
| Axillary temperature ≥ 38°C, n (%) | 97 (68) | 32 (53) | 0.8 (.7–1.01) | .05 | … | … | ||
| Axillary temperature ≤36°C, n (%) | 21 (15) | 18 (30) | 1.4 (1.02–1.9) | .01 | … | … | ||
| Oxygen therapy, n (%) | 113 (79) | 55 (92) | 1.3 (1.07–1.5) | .04 | … | … | ||
| Altered mental status, n (%) | 70 (50) | 32 (53) | 1.3 (.9–1.7) | .08 | … | … | ||
| More than 10% of young neutrophil forms (band cell and/or neutrophilic metamyelocyte), n (%) | 28 (19) | 16 (27) | 1.1 (.9–1.5) | .3 | … | … | ||
| Platelets (×10³/mm³), mean (IQR) | 326.4 (1–4510) | 235.1 (9–1200) | .05 | |||||
| Creatinine value >1.2 mg/dL, n (%) | 89 (62) | 48 (80) | 1.3 (1.06–1.5) | .01 | ||||
| Serum lactate value >14 mg/dL, n (%) | 78 (55) | 43 (72) | 1.2 (1.04–1.5) | .02 | ||||
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | 8 (1–21) | 11 (3–20) | 1.1 (1.06–1.2) | <.001 | 1.2 (1.09–1.32) | <.001 | 1.15 (1.07–1.32) | .006 |
| Initial empirical use of meropenem, n (%) | 75 (52) | 32 (53) | 1.01 (.9–1.2) | .9 | ||||
| Initial empirical use of vancomycin, n (%) | 86 (60) | 38 (63) | 1.04 (.9–1.3) | .7 | ||||
| Initial empirical use of polymyxin, n (%) | 101 (71) | 39 (65) | 0.9 (.8–1.1) | .4 | 0.71 (.29–1.71) | .44 | 0.74 (.84–1.11) | .61 |
| Time between suspected sepsis and antibiotic administration, mean (IQR), min | 107 (0–1131) | 67 (0–418) | … | .2 | 0.73 (.65–0.83) | <.001 | 0.76 (.62–0.84) | .002 |
| Patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria infection, n (%) | 41 (29) | 29 (48) | 1.3 (1.05–1.6) | .007 | 3.94 (1.53–10.14) | .005 | 3.52 (1.56–11.83) | .005 |
| Propensity score | … | … | … | 2.07 (.18–23.79) | .56 | |||
| Variable . | Survivors (n = 143) n (%) . | Nonsurvivors (n = 60) n (%) . | Bivariate Analysis . | Multivariate Analysis Propensity Score as Covariable . | Multivariate Analysis Using Inverse Probability Weighted Cohort . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . | aOR (95% CI) . | P Value . | |||
| Male Female | 109 (76) 34 (24) | 44 (73) 16 (27) | 1.04 (.8–1.3) | .7 | … | |||
| Age, mean (IQR), y | 50 (17–89) | 59 (23–93) | … | .002 | 1.03 (1.01–1.05) | .01 | 1.02 (1.00–1.06) | .03 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean (IQR) | 3 (0–11) | 4 (0–10) | … | .01 | … | … | ||
| Previous hospitalization,a n (%) | 30 (21) | 21 (35) | 1.8 (.9–3.4) | .08 | … | … | ||
| Previous surgery,a n (%) | 91 (64) | 39 (65) | 1.01 (.8–1.2) | .9 | … | … | ||
| Previous immunosuppression,a n (%) | 35 (24) | 16 (27) | 1.03 (.8–1.3) | .7 | … | … | ||
| Previous use of antibiotic,a n (%) | 134 (94) | 53 (88) | 0.8 (.5–1.2) | .2 | … | … | ||
| Current use of antibiotics, n (%) | 77 (54) | 42 (70) | 1.2 (1.02–1.4) | .03 | … | … | ||
| Previous hospital stay, mean (IQR), d | 4 | 6 | … | .1 | … | … | ||
| Suspected sepsis treatment in the intensive care unit, n (%) | 131 (93) | 58 (97) | 2.2 (.5–10.4) | .3 | … | … | ||
| Axillary temperature ≥ 38°C, n (%) | 97 (68) | 32 (53) | 0.8 (.7–1.01) | .05 | … | … | ||
| Axillary temperature ≤36°C, n (%) | 21 (15) | 18 (30) | 1.4 (1.02–1.9) | .01 | … | … | ||
| Oxygen therapy, n (%) | 113 (79) | 55 (92) | 1.3 (1.07–1.5) | .04 | … | … | ||
| Altered mental status, n (%) | 70 (50) | 32 (53) | 1.3 (.9–1.7) | .08 | … | … | ||
| More than 10% of young neutrophil forms (band cell and/or neutrophilic metamyelocyte), n (%) | 28 (19) | 16 (27) | 1.1 (.9–1.5) | .3 | … | … | ||
| Platelets (×10³/mm³), mean (IQR) | 326.4 (1–4510) | 235.1 (9–1200) | .05 | |||||
| Creatinine value >1.2 mg/dL, n (%) | 89 (62) | 48 (80) | 1.3 (1.06–1.5) | .01 | ||||
| Serum lactate value >14 mg/dL, n (%) | 78 (55) | 43 (72) | 1.2 (1.04–1.5) | .02 | ||||
| SOFA score, median (IQR) | 8 (1–21) | 11 (3–20) | 1.1 (1.06–1.2) | <.001 | 1.2 (1.09–1.32) | <.001 | 1.15 (1.07–1.32) | .006 |
| Initial empirical use of meropenem, n (%) | 75 (52) | 32 (53) | 1.01 (.9–1.2) | .9 | ||||
| Initial empirical use of vancomycin, n (%) | 86 (60) | 38 (63) | 1.04 (.9–1.3) | .7 | ||||
| Initial empirical use of polymyxin, n (%) | 101 (71) | 39 (65) | 0.9 (.8–1.1) | .4 | 0.71 (.29–1.71) | .44 | 0.74 (.84–1.11) | .61 |
| Time between suspected sepsis and antibiotic administration, mean (IQR), min | 107 (0–1131) | 67 (0–418) | … | .2 | 0.73 (.65–0.83) | <.001 | 0.76 (.62–0.84) | .002 |
| Patients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria infection, n (%) | 41 (29) | 29 (48) | 1.3 (1.05–1.6) | .007 | 3.94 (1.53–10.14) | .005 | 3.52 (1.56–11.83) | .005 |
| Propensity score | … | … | … | 2.07 (.18–23.79) | .56 | |||
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; SOFA, sepsis-related organ failure assessment.
Previous hospitalization, previous surgery, previous immunosuppression, and previous use of antibiotics are those that occurred 90 days prior to the current hospital admission.
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