| . | All (N = 708) . | Normal LV GLS (N = 575) . | Abnormal LV GLS (N = 133) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 71.4 ± 9.4 | 70.8 ± 9.4 | 73.7 ± 9.3 | 0.002 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 277 (39.1) | 218 (37.9) | 59 (44.4) | 0.170 |
| Race–ethnicity | 0.053 | |||
| ȃWhite, n (%) | 99 (14.0) | 81 (14.1) | 18 (13.5) | |
| ȃBlack, n (%) | 119 (16.8) | 86 (15.0) | 33 (24.8) | |
| ȃHispanic, n (%) | 476 (67.2) | 396 (68.9) | 80 (60.2) | |
| ȃOther, n (%) | 14 (2.0) | 12 (2.1) | 2 (1.5) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.8 ± 4.6 | 27.6 ± 4.7 | 28.4 ± 4.4 | 0.067 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 135.2 ± 16.7 | 134.2 ± 16.7 | 139.6 ± 16.3 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 78.2 ± 9.4 | 77.6 ± 9.1 | 80.8 ± 10.2 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 548 (77.4) | 428 (74.4) | 120 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| Anti-hypertensive treatment, n (%) | 495 (69.9) | 387 (67.3) | 108 (81.2) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 198 (28.0) | 143 (24.9) | 55 (41.4) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) | 463 (65.4) | 366 (63.7) | 97 (72.9) | 0.043 |
| Statin use, n (%) | 343 (48.5) | 273 (47.5%) | 70 (52.6%) | 0.284 |
| Cigarette smoking history, n (%) | 374 (52.8) | 308 (53.6) | 66 (49.6) | 0.412 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 69.7 ± 11.3 | 69.0 ± 10.8 | 72.5 ± 12.7 | 0.004 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 35 (4.9) | 26 (4.5) | 9 (6.8) | 0.282 |
| History of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 41 (5.8) | 24 (4.2) | 17 (12.8) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin use, n (%) | 442 (62.4) | 357 (62.1) | 85 (63.9) | 0.696 |
| Brain MRI | ||||
| ȃSBI, n (%) | 89 (13.3) | 59 (10.8) | 30 (24.0) | <0.001 |
| ȃWMHV/total cranial volume, % | 0.34 (0.20–0.69) | 0.31 (0.18–0.62) | 0.57 (0.30–1.10) | <0.001 |
| . | All (N = 708) . | Normal LV GLS (N = 575) . | Abnormal LV GLS (N = 133) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 71.4 ± 9.4 | 70.8 ± 9.4 | 73.7 ± 9.3 | 0.002 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 277 (39.1) | 218 (37.9) | 59 (44.4) | 0.170 |
| Race–ethnicity | 0.053 | |||
| ȃWhite, n (%) | 99 (14.0) | 81 (14.1) | 18 (13.5) | |
| ȃBlack, n (%) | 119 (16.8) | 86 (15.0) | 33 (24.8) | |
| ȃHispanic, n (%) | 476 (67.2) | 396 (68.9) | 80 (60.2) | |
| ȃOther, n (%) | 14 (2.0) | 12 (2.1) | 2 (1.5) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.8 ± 4.6 | 27.6 ± 4.7 | 28.4 ± 4.4 | 0.067 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 135.2 ± 16.7 | 134.2 ± 16.7 | 139.6 ± 16.3 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 78.2 ± 9.4 | 77.6 ± 9.1 | 80.8 ± 10.2 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 548 (77.4) | 428 (74.4) | 120 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| Anti-hypertensive treatment, n (%) | 495 (69.9) | 387 (67.3) | 108 (81.2) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 198 (28.0) | 143 (24.9) | 55 (41.4) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) | 463 (65.4) | 366 (63.7) | 97 (72.9) | 0.043 |
| Statin use, n (%) | 343 (48.5) | 273 (47.5%) | 70 (52.6%) | 0.284 |
| Cigarette smoking history, n (%) | 374 (52.8) | 308 (53.6) | 66 (49.6) | 0.412 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 69.7 ± 11.3 | 69.0 ± 10.8 | 72.5 ± 12.7 | 0.004 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 35 (4.9) | 26 (4.5) | 9 (6.8) | 0.282 |
| History of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 41 (5.8) | 24 (4.2) | 17 (12.8) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin use, n (%) | 442 (62.4) | 357 (62.1) | 85 (63.9) | 0.696 |
| Brain MRI | ||||
| ȃSBI, n (%) | 89 (13.3) | 59 (10.8) | 30 (24.0) | <0.001 |
| ȃWMHV/total cranial volume, % | 0.34 (0.20–0.69) | 0.31 (0.18–0.62) | 0.57 (0.30–1.10) | <0.001 |
Values are mean ± standard deviation, n (percentage), or median (25th–75th percentile).
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; SBI, subclinical brain infarct; WMHV, white matter hyperintensity volume.
| . | All (N = 708) . | Normal LV GLS (N = 575) . | Abnormal LV GLS (N = 133) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 71.4 ± 9.4 | 70.8 ± 9.4 | 73.7 ± 9.3 | 0.002 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 277 (39.1) | 218 (37.9) | 59 (44.4) | 0.170 |
| Race–ethnicity | 0.053 | |||
| ȃWhite, n (%) | 99 (14.0) | 81 (14.1) | 18 (13.5) | |
| ȃBlack, n (%) | 119 (16.8) | 86 (15.0) | 33 (24.8) | |
| ȃHispanic, n (%) | 476 (67.2) | 396 (68.9) | 80 (60.2) | |
| ȃOther, n (%) | 14 (2.0) | 12 (2.1) | 2 (1.5) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.8 ± 4.6 | 27.6 ± 4.7 | 28.4 ± 4.4 | 0.067 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 135.2 ± 16.7 | 134.2 ± 16.7 | 139.6 ± 16.3 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 78.2 ± 9.4 | 77.6 ± 9.1 | 80.8 ± 10.2 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 548 (77.4) | 428 (74.4) | 120 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| Anti-hypertensive treatment, n (%) | 495 (69.9) | 387 (67.3) | 108 (81.2) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 198 (28.0) | 143 (24.9) | 55 (41.4) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) | 463 (65.4) | 366 (63.7) | 97 (72.9) | 0.043 |
| Statin use, n (%) | 343 (48.5) | 273 (47.5%) | 70 (52.6%) | 0.284 |
| Cigarette smoking history, n (%) | 374 (52.8) | 308 (53.6) | 66 (49.6) | 0.412 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 69.7 ± 11.3 | 69.0 ± 10.8 | 72.5 ± 12.7 | 0.004 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 35 (4.9) | 26 (4.5) | 9 (6.8) | 0.282 |
| History of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 41 (5.8) | 24 (4.2) | 17 (12.8) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin use, n (%) | 442 (62.4) | 357 (62.1) | 85 (63.9) | 0.696 |
| Brain MRI | ||||
| ȃSBI, n (%) | 89 (13.3) | 59 (10.8) | 30 (24.0) | <0.001 |
| ȃWMHV/total cranial volume, % | 0.34 (0.20–0.69) | 0.31 (0.18–0.62) | 0.57 (0.30–1.10) | <0.001 |
| . | All (N = 708) . | Normal LV GLS (N = 575) . | Abnormal LV GLS (N = 133) . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 71.4 ± 9.4 | 70.8 ± 9.4 | 73.7 ± 9.3 | 0.002 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 277 (39.1) | 218 (37.9) | 59 (44.4) | 0.170 |
| Race–ethnicity | 0.053 | |||
| ȃWhite, n (%) | 99 (14.0) | 81 (14.1) | 18 (13.5) | |
| ȃBlack, n (%) | 119 (16.8) | 86 (15.0) | 33 (24.8) | |
| ȃHispanic, n (%) | 476 (67.2) | 396 (68.9) | 80 (60.2) | |
| ȃOther, n (%) | 14 (2.0) | 12 (2.1) | 2 (1.5) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.8 ± 4.6 | 27.6 ± 4.7 | 28.4 ± 4.4 | 0.067 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 135.2 ± 16.7 | 134.2 ± 16.7 | 139.6 ± 16.3 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 78.2 ± 9.4 | 77.6 ± 9.1 | 80.8 ± 10.2 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 548 (77.4) | 428 (74.4) | 120 (90.2) | <0.001 |
| Anti-hypertensive treatment, n (%) | 495 (69.9) | 387 (67.3) | 108 (81.2) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 198 (28.0) | 143 (24.9) | 55 (41.4) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia, n (%) | 463 (65.4) | 366 (63.7) | 97 (72.9) | 0.043 |
| Statin use, n (%) | 343 (48.5) | 273 (47.5%) | 70 (52.6%) | 0.284 |
| Cigarette smoking history, n (%) | 374 (52.8) | 308 (53.6) | 66 (49.6) | 0.412 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 69.7 ± 11.3 | 69.0 ± 10.8 | 72.5 ± 12.7 | 0.004 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 35 (4.9) | 26 (4.5) | 9 (6.8) | 0.282 |
| History of atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 41 (5.8) | 24 (4.2) | 17 (12.8) | <0.001 |
| Aspirin use, n (%) | 442 (62.4) | 357 (62.1) | 85 (63.9) | 0.696 |
| Brain MRI | ||||
| ȃSBI, n (%) | 89 (13.3) | 59 (10.8) | 30 (24.0) | <0.001 |
| ȃWMHV/total cranial volume, % | 0.34 (0.20–0.69) | 0.31 (0.18–0.62) | 0.57 (0.30–1.10) | <0.001 |
Values are mean ± standard deviation, n (percentage), or median (25th–75th percentile).
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; SBI, subclinical brain infarct; WMHV, white matter hyperintensity volume.
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