Questionnaire Items of Vaccine Confidence and Mistrust Instrument and the Factor Loadings of Retained Subscales
| Item . | Factor Loading . | Median (IQR) . | %Strongly Agree . | %Agree . | %Don’t Know . | %Disagree . | %Strongly Disagree . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence Subscale (α = 0.93)a | |||||||
| COVID-19 vaccines are effective | 0.69 | 4 (3–4) | 19.9 | 33.9 | 35.5 | 6.5 | 4.3 |
| Getting vaccines is a good way to protect me from disease | 0.63 | 4 (3–5) | 39.3 | 15.1 | 32.8 | 7.5 | 5.4 |
| Getting vaccinated for COVID-19 is important for the health of others in my community | 0.64 | 4 (3–5) | 25.7 | 40.6 | 25.7 | 6.4 | 1.6 |
| The COVID-19 vaccine is important for my health | 0.62 | 4 (3–5) | 26.1 | 28.2 | 33.0 | 9.6 | 3.2 |
| COVID-19 vaccines are safe | 0.61 | 3 (3–4) | 12.8 | 30.9 | 45.7 | 6.9 | 3.7 |
| I don’t trust the COVID-19 vaccine | 0.60 | 3 (1–3) | 12.4 | 11.4 | 26.5 | 24.3 | 25.4 |
| I am worried that COVID-19 vaccines could be harmful | 0.48 | 3 (2–4) | 13.9 | 32.1 | 18.2 | 21.4 | 14.4 |
| Government-Related COVID-19 Mistrust Subscale (α = 0.88) | |||||||
| The government is hiding information about COVID-19 | 0.89 | 3 (3–4) | 15.1 | 19.4 | 41.4 | 15.6 | 8.6 |
| The government cannot be trusted to tell the truth about COVID-19 | 0.88 | 3 (2–4) | 16.0 | 21.3 | 32.5 | 18.6 | 11.7 |
| Black people should be suspicious of information from the government about COVID-19 | 0.50 | 3 (2–3) | 3.2 | 17.6 | 32.5 | 29.3 | 17.6 |
| Race-Based COVID-19-Related Mistrust Subscale (α = 0.68) | |||||||
| Within the healthcare system, people from my race are treated differently than people from other racial groups | 0.60 | 3 (2–4) | 7.5 | 22.5 | 31.0 | 28.9 | 10.2 |
| I would be more comfortable having a COVID-19 vaccine explained to me from a doctor or healthcare worker with the same race as mine | 0.51 | 3 (2–4) | 8.5 | 34.6 | 12.2 | 34.0 | 10.6 |
| When it comes to COVID-19, Black people cannot trust healthcare providers | 0.46 | 2 (2–3) | 2.7 | 8.6 | 29.6 | 40.3 | 18.8 |
| People who take the vaccine will be like human guinea pigs | 0.40 | 3 (2–3) | 4.8 | 14.9 | 32.5 | 30.3 | 17.6 |
| Item . | Factor Loading . | Median (IQR) . | %Strongly Agree . | %Agree . | %Don’t Know . | %Disagree . | %Strongly Disagree . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence Subscale (α = 0.93)a | |||||||
| COVID-19 vaccines are effective | 0.69 | 4 (3–4) | 19.9 | 33.9 | 35.5 | 6.5 | 4.3 |
| Getting vaccines is a good way to protect me from disease | 0.63 | 4 (3–5) | 39.3 | 15.1 | 32.8 | 7.5 | 5.4 |
| Getting vaccinated for COVID-19 is important for the health of others in my community | 0.64 | 4 (3–5) | 25.7 | 40.6 | 25.7 | 6.4 | 1.6 |
| The COVID-19 vaccine is important for my health | 0.62 | 4 (3–5) | 26.1 | 28.2 | 33.0 | 9.6 | 3.2 |
| COVID-19 vaccines are safe | 0.61 | 3 (3–4) | 12.8 | 30.9 | 45.7 | 6.9 | 3.7 |
| I don’t trust the COVID-19 vaccine | 0.60 | 3 (1–3) | 12.4 | 11.4 | 26.5 | 24.3 | 25.4 |
| I am worried that COVID-19 vaccines could be harmful | 0.48 | 3 (2–4) | 13.9 | 32.1 | 18.2 | 21.4 | 14.4 |
| Government-Related COVID-19 Mistrust Subscale (α = 0.88) | |||||||
| The government is hiding information about COVID-19 | 0.89 | 3 (3–4) | 15.1 | 19.4 | 41.4 | 15.6 | 8.6 |
| The government cannot be trusted to tell the truth about COVID-19 | 0.88 | 3 (2–4) | 16.0 | 21.3 | 32.5 | 18.6 | 11.7 |
| Black people should be suspicious of information from the government about COVID-19 | 0.50 | 3 (2–3) | 3.2 | 17.6 | 32.5 | 29.3 | 17.6 |
| Race-Based COVID-19-Related Mistrust Subscale (α = 0.68) | |||||||
| Within the healthcare system, people from my race are treated differently than people from other racial groups | 0.60 | 3 (2–4) | 7.5 | 22.5 | 31.0 | 28.9 | 10.2 |
| I would be more comfortable having a COVID-19 vaccine explained to me from a doctor or healthcare worker with the same race as mine | 0.51 | 3 (2–4) | 8.5 | 34.6 | 12.2 | 34.0 | 10.6 |
| When it comes to COVID-19, Black people cannot trust healthcare providers | 0.46 | 2 (2–3) | 2.7 | 8.6 | 29.6 | 40.3 | 18.8 |
| People who take the vaccine will be like human guinea pigs | 0.40 | 3 (2–3) | 4.8 | 14.9 | 32.5 | 30.3 | 17.6 |
Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range. a The COVID-19 vaccine confidence subscale also included the item “what advice would you give to your pregnant friend regarding COVID-19 vaccination?” with three response options: (1) don't get vaccinated; (2) wait to get vaccinated; and (3) get vaccinated right now. The factor loading for this item on the COVID-19 vaccine confidence subscale was 0.52 ; Meadian (IQR): 1 (1,2); % of participants recommended option (1) dont get vaccinated = 7.6%; % of participants who recommended option (2) wait to get vaccinated = 31.4%; and % of participants who recommended (3) get vaccinated right now = 61.1%.
Questionnaire Items of Vaccine Confidence and Mistrust Instrument and the Factor Loadings of Retained Subscales
| Item . | Factor Loading . | Median (IQR) . | %Strongly Agree . | %Agree . | %Don’t Know . | %Disagree . | %Strongly Disagree . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence Subscale (α = 0.93)a | |||||||
| COVID-19 vaccines are effective | 0.69 | 4 (3–4) | 19.9 | 33.9 | 35.5 | 6.5 | 4.3 |
| Getting vaccines is a good way to protect me from disease | 0.63 | 4 (3–5) | 39.3 | 15.1 | 32.8 | 7.5 | 5.4 |
| Getting vaccinated for COVID-19 is important for the health of others in my community | 0.64 | 4 (3–5) | 25.7 | 40.6 | 25.7 | 6.4 | 1.6 |
| The COVID-19 vaccine is important for my health | 0.62 | 4 (3–5) | 26.1 | 28.2 | 33.0 | 9.6 | 3.2 |
| COVID-19 vaccines are safe | 0.61 | 3 (3–4) | 12.8 | 30.9 | 45.7 | 6.9 | 3.7 |
| I don’t trust the COVID-19 vaccine | 0.60 | 3 (1–3) | 12.4 | 11.4 | 26.5 | 24.3 | 25.4 |
| I am worried that COVID-19 vaccines could be harmful | 0.48 | 3 (2–4) | 13.9 | 32.1 | 18.2 | 21.4 | 14.4 |
| Government-Related COVID-19 Mistrust Subscale (α = 0.88) | |||||||
| The government is hiding information about COVID-19 | 0.89 | 3 (3–4) | 15.1 | 19.4 | 41.4 | 15.6 | 8.6 |
| The government cannot be trusted to tell the truth about COVID-19 | 0.88 | 3 (2–4) | 16.0 | 21.3 | 32.5 | 18.6 | 11.7 |
| Black people should be suspicious of information from the government about COVID-19 | 0.50 | 3 (2–3) | 3.2 | 17.6 | 32.5 | 29.3 | 17.6 |
| Race-Based COVID-19-Related Mistrust Subscale (α = 0.68) | |||||||
| Within the healthcare system, people from my race are treated differently than people from other racial groups | 0.60 | 3 (2–4) | 7.5 | 22.5 | 31.0 | 28.9 | 10.2 |
| I would be more comfortable having a COVID-19 vaccine explained to me from a doctor or healthcare worker with the same race as mine | 0.51 | 3 (2–4) | 8.5 | 34.6 | 12.2 | 34.0 | 10.6 |
| When it comes to COVID-19, Black people cannot trust healthcare providers | 0.46 | 2 (2–3) | 2.7 | 8.6 | 29.6 | 40.3 | 18.8 |
| People who take the vaccine will be like human guinea pigs | 0.40 | 3 (2–3) | 4.8 | 14.9 | 32.5 | 30.3 | 17.6 |
| Item . | Factor Loading . | Median (IQR) . | %Strongly Agree . | %Agree . | %Don’t Know . | %Disagree . | %Strongly Disagree . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence Subscale (α = 0.93)a | |||||||
| COVID-19 vaccines are effective | 0.69 | 4 (3–4) | 19.9 | 33.9 | 35.5 | 6.5 | 4.3 |
| Getting vaccines is a good way to protect me from disease | 0.63 | 4 (3–5) | 39.3 | 15.1 | 32.8 | 7.5 | 5.4 |
| Getting vaccinated for COVID-19 is important for the health of others in my community | 0.64 | 4 (3–5) | 25.7 | 40.6 | 25.7 | 6.4 | 1.6 |
| The COVID-19 vaccine is important for my health | 0.62 | 4 (3–5) | 26.1 | 28.2 | 33.0 | 9.6 | 3.2 |
| COVID-19 vaccines are safe | 0.61 | 3 (3–4) | 12.8 | 30.9 | 45.7 | 6.9 | 3.7 |
| I don’t trust the COVID-19 vaccine | 0.60 | 3 (1–3) | 12.4 | 11.4 | 26.5 | 24.3 | 25.4 |
| I am worried that COVID-19 vaccines could be harmful | 0.48 | 3 (2–4) | 13.9 | 32.1 | 18.2 | 21.4 | 14.4 |
| Government-Related COVID-19 Mistrust Subscale (α = 0.88) | |||||||
| The government is hiding information about COVID-19 | 0.89 | 3 (3–4) | 15.1 | 19.4 | 41.4 | 15.6 | 8.6 |
| The government cannot be trusted to tell the truth about COVID-19 | 0.88 | 3 (2–4) | 16.0 | 21.3 | 32.5 | 18.6 | 11.7 |
| Black people should be suspicious of information from the government about COVID-19 | 0.50 | 3 (2–3) | 3.2 | 17.6 | 32.5 | 29.3 | 17.6 |
| Race-Based COVID-19-Related Mistrust Subscale (α = 0.68) | |||||||
| Within the healthcare system, people from my race are treated differently than people from other racial groups | 0.60 | 3 (2–4) | 7.5 | 22.5 | 31.0 | 28.9 | 10.2 |
| I would be more comfortable having a COVID-19 vaccine explained to me from a doctor or healthcare worker with the same race as mine | 0.51 | 3 (2–4) | 8.5 | 34.6 | 12.2 | 34.0 | 10.6 |
| When it comes to COVID-19, Black people cannot trust healthcare providers | 0.46 | 2 (2–3) | 2.7 | 8.6 | 29.6 | 40.3 | 18.8 |
| People who take the vaccine will be like human guinea pigs | 0.40 | 3 (2–3) | 4.8 | 14.9 | 32.5 | 30.3 | 17.6 |
Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range. a The COVID-19 vaccine confidence subscale also included the item “what advice would you give to your pregnant friend regarding COVID-19 vaccination?” with three response options: (1) don't get vaccinated; (2) wait to get vaccinated; and (3) get vaccinated right now. The factor loading for this item on the COVID-19 vaccine confidence subscale was 0.52 ; Meadian (IQR): 1 (1,2); % of participants recommended option (1) dont get vaccinated = 7.6%; % of participants who recommended option (2) wait to get vaccinated = 31.4%; and % of participants who recommended (3) get vaccinated right now = 61.1%.
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