Point prevalence of delirium features in hospitalized sample contributing to DSM-IV case ascertainment from 1999 inpatient assessments
| Criterion A: disturbance of consciousness 69% . | Criterion B: change in cognition and/or perception 68% . | Criterion C: acute and fluctuating change 41% . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item 1 ≥ 2: reduced level of consciousness | 33% | Item 2 ≥ 2: disorientation (time/place questions 5/10 errors) | 32% | Item 10 ≥ 3: sleep–wake cycle disturbance | 17% |
| Item 4 ≥ 2: impaired digit span (5 forwards or 3 backwards errors) | 10% | Item 3 ≥ 2: short-term memory impairment (≥2 errors on 3-item delayed recall) | 31% | Observed fluctuations in arousal | 6% |
| Item 5 ≥ 2: inattention | 30% | Item 6 ≥ 2: disorganized thinking | 15% | Observed motor fluctuations | 5% |
| Inattention during interview | 4% | Item 7 ≥ 2: perceptual disturbance | 13% | Informant report of fluctuations | 22% |
| Dozes off during interview | 1% | Item 8 ≥ 2: delusions | 25% | MDAS or OSLA score different from previous assessment by ≥1 SD | 5% |
| Distracted by environmental stimuli | 3% | Informant report ‘more confused’ | 7% | – | – |
| OSLA total ≥2 | 31% | 'Odd thoughts' described on direct questioning | 2% | – | – |
| MOTYB >5 mistakes | 13% | Hallucinations described on direct questioning | 3% | – | – |
| Serial 7 score lower than baseline | 16% | 'Strange things' described on direct questioning | 1% | – | – |
| – | – | Three sentences to complete (three-choice answer) (any error) | 8% | – | – |
| – | – | Two sentences to complete (free choice answer) (either error) | 7% | – | – |
| – | – | Two-stage sequencing command (either error) | 7% | – | – |
| Criterion A: disturbance of consciousness 69% . | Criterion B: change in cognition and/or perception 68% . | Criterion C: acute and fluctuating change 41% . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item 1 ≥ 2: reduced level of consciousness | 33% | Item 2 ≥ 2: disorientation (time/place questions 5/10 errors) | 32% | Item 10 ≥ 3: sleep–wake cycle disturbance | 17% |
| Item 4 ≥ 2: impaired digit span (5 forwards or 3 backwards errors) | 10% | Item 3 ≥ 2: short-term memory impairment (≥2 errors on 3-item delayed recall) | 31% | Observed fluctuations in arousal | 6% |
| Item 5 ≥ 2: inattention | 30% | Item 6 ≥ 2: disorganized thinking | 15% | Observed motor fluctuations | 5% |
| Inattention during interview | 4% | Item 7 ≥ 2: perceptual disturbance | 13% | Informant report of fluctuations | 22% |
| Dozes off during interview | 1% | Item 8 ≥ 2: delusions | 25% | MDAS or OSLA score different from previous assessment by ≥1 SD | 5% |
| Distracted by environmental stimuli | 3% | Informant report ‘more confused’ | 7% | – | – |
| OSLA total ≥2 | 31% | 'Odd thoughts' described on direct questioning | 2% | – | – |
| MOTYB >5 mistakes | 13% | Hallucinations described on direct questioning | 3% | – | – |
| Serial 7 score lower than baseline | 16% | 'Strange things' described on direct questioning | 1% | – | – |
| – | – | Three sentences to complete (three-choice answer) (any error) | 8% | – | – |
| – | – | Two sentences to complete (free choice answer) (either error) | 7% | – | – |
| – | – | Two-stage sequencing command (either error) | 7% | – | – |
Each MDAS item is rated 0, 1, 2 or 3. Criterion present if one or more symptom/sign positive. Note MDAS item 9 (decreased or increased psychomotor activity) is not used in the case definition. MOTYB = months of the year backwards; Informants = health care staff and/or family/carers.
Point prevalence of delirium features in hospitalized sample contributing to DSM-IV case ascertainment from 1999 inpatient assessments
| Criterion A: disturbance of consciousness 69% . | Criterion B: change in cognition and/or perception 68% . | Criterion C: acute and fluctuating change 41% . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item 1 ≥ 2: reduced level of consciousness | 33% | Item 2 ≥ 2: disorientation (time/place questions 5/10 errors) | 32% | Item 10 ≥ 3: sleep–wake cycle disturbance | 17% |
| Item 4 ≥ 2: impaired digit span (5 forwards or 3 backwards errors) | 10% | Item 3 ≥ 2: short-term memory impairment (≥2 errors on 3-item delayed recall) | 31% | Observed fluctuations in arousal | 6% |
| Item 5 ≥ 2: inattention | 30% | Item 6 ≥ 2: disorganized thinking | 15% | Observed motor fluctuations | 5% |
| Inattention during interview | 4% | Item 7 ≥ 2: perceptual disturbance | 13% | Informant report of fluctuations | 22% |
| Dozes off during interview | 1% | Item 8 ≥ 2: delusions | 25% | MDAS or OSLA score different from previous assessment by ≥1 SD | 5% |
| Distracted by environmental stimuli | 3% | Informant report ‘more confused’ | 7% | – | – |
| OSLA total ≥2 | 31% | 'Odd thoughts' described on direct questioning | 2% | – | – |
| MOTYB >5 mistakes | 13% | Hallucinations described on direct questioning | 3% | – | – |
| Serial 7 score lower than baseline | 16% | 'Strange things' described on direct questioning | 1% | – | – |
| – | – | Three sentences to complete (three-choice answer) (any error) | 8% | – | – |
| – | – | Two sentences to complete (free choice answer) (either error) | 7% | – | – |
| – | – | Two-stage sequencing command (either error) | 7% | – | – |
| Criterion A: disturbance of consciousness 69% . | Criterion B: change in cognition and/or perception 68% . | Criterion C: acute and fluctuating change 41% . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item 1 ≥ 2: reduced level of consciousness | 33% | Item 2 ≥ 2: disorientation (time/place questions 5/10 errors) | 32% | Item 10 ≥ 3: sleep–wake cycle disturbance | 17% |
| Item 4 ≥ 2: impaired digit span (5 forwards or 3 backwards errors) | 10% | Item 3 ≥ 2: short-term memory impairment (≥2 errors on 3-item delayed recall) | 31% | Observed fluctuations in arousal | 6% |
| Item 5 ≥ 2: inattention | 30% | Item 6 ≥ 2: disorganized thinking | 15% | Observed motor fluctuations | 5% |
| Inattention during interview | 4% | Item 7 ≥ 2: perceptual disturbance | 13% | Informant report of fluctuations | 22% |
| Dozes off during interview | 1% | Item 8 ≥ 2: delusions | 25% | MDAS or OSLA score different from previous assessment by ≥1 SD | 5% |
| Distracted by environmental stimuli | 3% | Informant report ‘more confused’ | 7% | – | – |
| OSLA total ≥2 | 31% | 'Odd thoughts' described on direct questioning | 2% | – | – |
| MOTYB >5 mistakes | 13% | Hallucinations described on direct questioning | 3% | – | – |
| Serial 7 score lower than baseline | 16% | 'Strange things' described on direct questioning | 1% | – | – |
| – | – | Three sentences to complete (three-choice answer) (any error) | 8% | – | – |
| – | – | Two sentences to complete (free choice answer) (either error) | 7% | – | – |
| – | – | Two-stage sequencing command (either error) | 7% | – | – |
Each MDAS item is rated 0, 1, 2 or 3. Criterion present if one or more symptom/sign positive. Note MDAS item 9 (decreased or increased psychomotor activity) is not used in the case definition. MOTYB = months of the year backwards; Informants = health care staff and/or family/carers.
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