Univariable Analysis of Iatrogenic Risk Factors Associated With HTLV-1 Infection
| Risk Factor . | No. (%) . | nHTLV-1 . | Prevalence, % . | OR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 3400 (100) | 36 | 1.1 | ||
| History of hospitalization and surgery | |||||
| ȃNever hospitalized | 1282 (38) | 6 | 0.5 | 1 | .009** |
| ȃHospitalization without surgery | 1463 (43) | 18 | 1.2 | 2.7 (1.1–6.7) | … |
| ȃHospitalization with history of surgery | 453 (13) | 11 | 2.4 | 5.3 (2.0–14.4) | … |
| ȃHospitalization, history of surgery unknown | 196 (6) | 1 | 0.5 | 1.1 (.1–9.1) | … |
| ȃHospitalization unknown | 6 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of hospitalizations | |||||
| ȃ0 | 1284 (38) | 6 | 0.5 | 1 | .04* |
| ȃ1 | 1011 (30) | 18 | 1.8 | 3.9 (1.5–9.8) | … |
| ȃ2–4 | 681 (20) | 8 | 1.2 | 2.5 (.9–7.3) | … |
| ȃ≥5 | 321 (9) | 4 | 1.2 | 2.7 (.8–9.6) | … |
| ȃNA | 103 (3) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of surgeries | |||||
| ȃ0 | 2746 (81) | 24 | 0.9 | 1 | .04* |
| ȃ1 | 371 (11) | 9 | 2.4 | 2.8 (1.3–6.1) | … |
| ȃ2 | 84 (2) | 1 | 1.2 | 1.4 (.2–10.2) | … |
| ȃ3–4 | 27 (1) | 1 | 3.7 | 4.4 (.6–33.5) | … |
| ȃNA | 172 (5) | 1 | 1 | … | … |
| Surgery | |||||
| ȃHernia | 308 (9) | 8 | 2.6 | 2.9 (1.3–6.4) | .007** |
| ȃGyneco-obstetric | 128 (4) | 2 | 1.6 | 1.3 (.3–5.5) | .75 |
| ȃOthera | 44 (1) | 2 | 4.5 | 4.6 (1.1–19.6) | .02* |
| ȃNot specified | 10 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Transfusion | |||||
| ȃNo | 3269 (96) | 33 | 1 | 1 | .09 |
| ȃYes | 112 (3) | 3 | 2.7 | 2.7 (.8–9.0) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 19 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of blood pouches | |||||
| ȃ0 | 3269 (97) | 33 | 1 | 1 | .001*** |
| ȃ1 | 33 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| ȃ2–4 | 39 (1) | 3 | 7.7 | 8.2 (2.4–27.9) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 40 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Scarification | |||||
| ȃNo | 759 (22) | 5 | 0.7 | 1 | .24 |
| ȃYes | 2608 (77) | 30 | 1.2 | 1.8 (.7–4.5) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 33 (1) | 1 | 3.0 | … | … |
| Risk Factor . | No. (%) . | nHTLV-1 . | Prevalence, % . | OR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 3400 (100) | 36 | 1.1 | ||
| History of hospitalization and surgery | |||||
| ȃNever hospitalized | 1282 (38) | 6 | 0.5 | 1 | .009** |
| ȃHospitalization without surgery | 1463 (43) | 18 | 1.2 | 2.7 (1.1–6.7) | … |
| ȃHospitalization with history of surgery | 453 (13) | 11 | 2.4 | 5.3 (2.0–14.4) | … |
| ȃHospitalization, history of surgery unknown | 196 (6) | 1 | 0.5 | 1.1 (.1–9.1) | … |
| ȃHospitalization unknown | 6 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of hospitalizations | |||||
| ȃ0 | 1284 (38) | 6 | 0.5 | 1 | .04* |
| ȃ1 | 1011 (30) | 18 | 1.8 | 3.9 (1.5–9.8) | … |
| ȃ2–4 | 681 (20) | 8 | 1.2 | 2.5 (.9–7.3) | … |
| ȃ≥5 | 321 (9) | 4 | 1.2 | 2.7 (.8–9.6) | … |
| ȃNA | 103 (3) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of surgeries | |||||
| ȃ0 | 2746 (81) | 24 | 0.9 | 1 | .04* |
| ȃ1 | 371 (11) | 9 | 2.4 | 2.8 (1.3–6.1) | … |
| ȃ2 | 84 (2) | 1 | 1.2 | 1.4 (.2–10.2) | … |
| ȃ3–4 | 27 (1) | 1 | 3.7 | 4.4 (.6–33.5) | … |
| ȃNA | 172 (5) | 1 | 1 | … | … |
| Surgery | |||||
| ȃHernia | 308 (9) | 8 | 2.6 | 2.9 (1.3–6.4) | .007** |
| ȃGyneco-obstetric | 128 (4) | 2 | 1.6 | 1.3 (.3–5.5) | .75 |
| ȃOthera | 44 (1) | 2 | 4.5 | 4.6 (1.1–19.6) | .02* |
| ȃNot specified | 10 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Transfusion | |||||
| ȃNo | 3269 (96) | 33 | 1 | 1 | .09 |
| ȃYes | 112 (3) | 3 | 2.7 | 2.7 (.8–9.0) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 19 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of blood pouches | |||||
| ȃ0 | 3269 (97) | 33 | 1 | 1 | .001*** |
| ȃ1 | 33 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| ȃ2–4 | 39 (1) | 3 | 7.7 | 8.2 (2.4–27.9) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 40 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Scarification | |||||
| ȃNo | 759 (22) | 5 | 0.7 | 1 | .24 |
| ȃYes | 2608 (77) | 30 | 1.2 | 1.8 (.7–4.5) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 33 (1) | 1 | 3.0 | … | … |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HTLV-1, human T-cell leukemia virus; NA, not available; nHTLV-1, number of infected individuals; OR, odds ratio. *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.
Others surgery included road accident, abdominal, urological surgery (appendicitis), abscesses.
Univariable Analysis of Iatrogenic Risk Factors Associated With HTLV-1 Infection
| Risk Factor . | No. (%) . | nHTLV-1 . | Prevalence, % . | OR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 3400 (100) | 36 | 1.1 | ||
| History of hospitalization and surgery | |||||
| ȃNever hospitalized | 1282 (38) | 6 | 0.5 | 1 | .009** |
| ȃHospitalization without surgery | 1463 (43) | 18 | 1.2 | 2.7 (1.1–6.7) | … |
| ȃHospitalization with history of surgery | 453 (13) | 11 | 2.4 | 5.3 (2.0–14.4) | … |
| ȃHospitalization, history of surgery unknown | 196 (6) | 1 | 0.5 | 1.1 (.1–9.1) | … |
| ȃHospitalization unknown | 6 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of hospitalizations | |||||
| ȃ0 | 1284 (38) | 6 | 0.5 | 1 | .04* |
| ȃ1 | 1011 (30) | 18 | 1.8 | 3.9 (1.5–9.8) | … |
| ȃ2–4 | 681 (20) | 8 | 1.2 | 2.5 (.9–7.3) | … |
| ȃ≥5 | 321 (9) | 4 | 1.2 | 2.7 (.8–9.6) | … |
| ȃNA | 103 (3) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of surgeries | |||||
| ȃ0 | 2746 (81) | 24 | 0.9 | 1 | .04* |
| ȃ1 | 371 (11) | 9 | 2.4 | 2.8 (1.3–6.1) | … |
| ȃ2 | 84 (2) | 1 | 1.2 | 1.4 (.2–10.2) | … |
| ȃ3–4 | 27 (1) | 1 | 3.7 | 4.4 (.6–33.5) | … |
| ȃNA | 172 (5) | 1 | 1 | … | … |
| Surgery | |||||
| ȃHernia | 308 (9) | 8 | 2.6 | 2.9 (1.3–6.4) | .007** |
| ȃGyneco-obstetric | 128 (4) | 2 | 1.6 | 1.3 (.3–5.5) | .75 |
| ȃOthera | 44 (1) | 2 | 4.5 | 4.6 (1.1–19.6) | .02* |
| ȃNot specified | 10 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Transfusion | |||||
| ȃNo | 3269 (96) | 33 | 1 | 1 | .09 |
| ȃYes | 112 (3) | 3 | 2.7 | 2.7 (.8–9.0) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 19 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of blood pouches | |||||
| ȃ0 | 3269 (97) | 33 | 1 | 1 | .001*** |
| ȃ1 | 33 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| ȃ2–4 | 39 (1) | 3 | 7.7 | 8.2 (2.4–27.9) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 40 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Scarification | |||||
| ȃNo | 759 (22) | 5 | 0.7 | 1 | .24 |
| ȃYes | 2608 (77) | 30 | 1.2 | 1.8 (.7–4.5) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 33 (1) | 1 | 3.0 | … | … |
| Risk Factor . | No. (%) . | nHTLV-1 . | Prevalence, % . | OR (95% CI) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 3400 (100) | 36 | 1.1 | ||
| History of hospitalization and surgery | |||||
| ȃNever hospitalized | 1282 (38) | 6 | 0.5 | 1 | .009** |
| ȃHospitalization without surgery | 1463 (43) | 18 | 1.2 | 2.7 (1.1–6.7) | … |
| ȃHospitalization with history of surgery | 453 (13) | 11 | 2.4 | 5.3 (2.0–14.4) | … |
| ȃHospitalization, history of surgery unknown | 196 (6) | 1 | 0.5 | 1.1 (.1–9.1) | … |
| ȃHospitalization unknown | 6 (0.2) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of hospitalizations | |||||
| ȃ0 | 1284 (38) | 6 | 0.5 | 1 | .04* |
| ȃ1 | 1011 (30) | 18 | 1.8 | 3.9 (1.5–9.8) | … |
| ȃ2–4 | 681 (20) | 8 | 1.2 | 2.5 (.9–7.3) | … |
| ȃ≥5 | 321 (9) | 4 | 1.2 | 2.7 (.8–9.6) | … |
| ȃNA | 103 (3) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of surgeries | |||||
| ȃ0 | 2746 (81) | 24 | 0.9 | 1 | .04* |
| ȃ1 | 371 (11) | 9 | 2.4 | 2.8 (1.3–6.1) | … |
| ȃ2 | 84 (2) | 1 | 1.2 | 1.4 (.2–10.2) | … |
| ȃ3–4 | 27 (1) | 1 | 3.7 | 4.4 (.6–33.5) | … |
| ȃNA | 172 (5) | 1 | 1 | … | … |
| Surgery | |||||
| ȃHernia | 308 (9) | 8 | 2.6 | 2.9 (1.3–6.4) | .007** |
| ȃGyneco-obstetric | 128 (4) | 2 | 1.6 | 1.3 (.3–5.5) | .75 |
| ȃOthera | 44 (1) | 2 | 4.5 | 4.6 (1.1–19.6) | .02* |
| ȃNot specified | 10 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Transfusion | |||||
| ȃNo | 3269 (96) | 33 | 1 | 1 | .09 |
| ȃYes | 112 (3) | 3 | 2.7 | 2.7 (.8–9.0) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 19 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Number of blood pouches | |||||
| ȃ0 | 3269 (97) | 33 | 1 | 1 | .001*** |
| ȃ1 | 33 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| ȃ2–4 | 39 (1) | 3 | 7.7 | 8.2 (2.4–27.9) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 40 (1) | 0 | 0 | … | … |
| Scarification | |||||
| ȃNo | 759 (22) | 5 | 0.7 | 1 | .24 |
| ȃYes | 2608 (77) | 30 | 1.2 | 1.8 (.7–4.5) | … |
| ȃUnknown | 33 (1) | 1 | 3.0 | … | … |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HTLV-1, human T-cell leukemia virus; NA, not available; nHTLV-1, number of infected individuals; OR, odds ratio. *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.
Others surgery included road accident, abdominal, urological surgery (appendicitis), abscesses.
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