Comparison of Demographics and Baseline Laboratory Values for Study Cohorts
| Characteristic . | ICH CDI (n = 42) . | Non-ICH CDI (n = 50) . | ASC (n = 31) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 21 (50) | 18 (36) | 17 (54.8) | .429 |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 67 (52–73) | 63 (52–77) | 64 (49–73) | .6727 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 37 (88.1) | 45 (90) | 21 (61.7) | .448 |
| Non-White | 5 (11.9) | 5 (10) | 10 (32.3) | .381 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | 1 (3.2) | 1.00 |
| Not Hispanic | 41 (97.6) | 47 (94) | 30 (96.8) | .451 |
| Not reported | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Immunocompromising conditions | ||||
| Active hematologic malignancy | 11 (26.2) | … | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| Solid tumor with recent chemotherapy | 7 (16.7) | … | 5 (16.1) | 1.000 |
| HSCT | 2 (4.8) | … | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| SOT | 6 (14.3) | … | … | |
| High-dose steroidsa | 7 (16.7) | … | … | |
| IBDb | 4 (9.5) | 2 (4) | … | 1.000 |
| Autoimmune conditions | 5 (11.9) | … | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| Severe CDI | ||||
| IDSA/SHEA | 21 (50) | 24 (48) | … | .8492 |
| ESCMID | 24 (57.1) | 31 (62) | … | .6379 |
| Zar et al [10] | 12 (28.5) | 17 (34) | … | .5788 |
| Belmares et al [11] | 5 (11.9) | 8 (16) | … | .5764 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| WBC count, K/μL, median (IQR) | 10.1 (3.7–15.3) | 12.5 (8.8–19) | 11 (7.2–15.3) | .1023 |
| WBC count ≥15 K/μL | 11 (26.1) | 18 (36) | 8 (26) | .9374 |
| Creatinine, g/dL, median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) | 0.9 (0.7–1.5) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | .1636 |
| Creatinine ≥1.5 g/dL | 16 (38.1) | 14 (28) | 10 (32.3) | .5461 |
| Albumin, mg/dL, median (IQR) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 3 (2.5–3.7) | 3.4 (2.8–3.8) | .3519 |
| Albumin <3 mg/dL | 11 (27.5) | 21 (42) | 4 (25) | .5461 |
| Lactate peak, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.3–2.1) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) | NA | .6034 |
| Baseline stool Ct value, median (IQR) | ||||
| Xpert Toxin B Ct (tcdB gene) (n = 122) | 27.5 (23.5–32.2) (n = 41) | 25.45 (22.9–30.5) (n = 50) | 28.5 (26.3–34) (n = 31) | .4835 |
| 027-NAP1-BI | 3 (7.1) | 10 (20) | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| Receipt of filgrastim | 4 (9.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.4) | 1.000 |
| Characteristic . | ICH CDI (n = 42) . | Non-ICH CDI (n = 50) . | ASC (n = 31) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 21 (50) | 18 (36) | 17 (54.8) | .429 |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 67 (52–73) | 63 (52–77) | 64 (49–73) | .6727 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 37 (88.1) | 45 (90) | 21 (61.7) | .448 |
| Non-White | 5 (11.9) | 5 (10) | 10 (32.3) | .381 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | 1 (3.2) | 1.00 |
| Not Hispanic | 41 (97.6) | 47 (94) | 30 (96.8) | .451 |
| Not reported | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Immunocompromising conditions | ||||
| Active hematologic malignancy | 11 (26.2) | … | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| Solid tumor with recent chemotherapy | 7 (16.7) | … | 5 (16.1) | 1.000 |
| HSCT | 2 (4.8) | … | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| SOT | 6 (14.3) | … | … | |
| High-dose steroidsa | 7 (16.7) | … | … | |
| IBDb | 4 (9.5) | 2 (4) | … | 1.000 |
| Autoimmune conditions | 5 (11.9) | … | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| Severe CDI | ||||
| IDSA/SHEA | 21 (50) | 24 (48) | … | .8492 |
| ESCMID | 24 (57.1) | 31 (62) | … | .6379 |
| Zar et al [10] | 12 (28.5) | 17 (34) | … | .5788 |
| Belmares et al [11] | 5 (11.9) | 8 (16) | … | .5764 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| WBC count, K/μL, median (IQR) | 10.1 (3.7–15.3) | 12.5 (8.8–19) | 11 (7.2–15.3) | .1023 |
| WBC count ≥15 K/μL | 11 (26.1) | 18 (36) | 8 (26) | .9374 |
| Creatinine, g/dL, median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) | 0.9 (0.7–1.5) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | .1636 |
| Creatinine ≥1.5 g/dL | 16 (38.1) | 14 (28) | 10 (32.3) | .5461 |
| Albumin, mg/dL, median (IQR) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 3 (2.5–3.7) | 3.4 (2.8–3.8) | .3519 |
| Albumin <3 mg/dL | 11 (27.5) | 21 (42) | 4 (25) | .5461 |
| Lactate peak, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.3–2.1) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) | NA | .6034 |
| Baseline stool Ct value, median (IQR) | ||||
| Xpert Toxin B Ct (tcdB gene) (n = 122) | 27.5 (23.5–32.2) (n = 41) | 25.45 (22.9–30.5) (n = 50) | 28.5 (26.3–34) (n = 31) | .4835 |
| 027-NAP1-BI | 3 (7.1) | 10 (20) | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| Receipt of filgrastim | 4 (9.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.4) | 1.000 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: ASC, asymptomatic carrier of Clostridioides difficile; CDI, Clostridioides difficile infection; Ct, cycle threshold; ESCMID, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplant; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; ICH, immunocompromised host; IDSA/SHEA, Infectious Diseases Society of America/Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America; IQR, interquartile range; non-ICH, nonimmunocompromised host; NA, not applicable; SOT, solid organ transplant; WBC, white blood cell.
Chronic administration of high-dose steroids.
IBD patients in ICH category were on immunosuppressive medications. The 2 subjects with IBD in the non-ICH group were not on immunosuppressive medications.
Comparison of Demographics and Baseline Laboratory Values for Study Cohorts
| Characteristic . | ICH CDI (n = 42) . | Non-ICH CDI (n = 50) . | ASC (n = 31) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 21 (50) | 18 (36) | 17 (54.8) | .429 |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 67 (52–73) | 63 (52–77) | 64 (49–73) | .6727 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 37 (88.1) | 45 (90) | 21 (61.7) | .448 |
| Non-White | 5 (11.9) | 5 (10) | 10 (32.3) | .381 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | 1 (3.2) | 1.00 |
| Not Hispanic | 41 (97.6) | 47 (94) | 30 (96.8) | .451 |
| Not reported | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Immunocompromising conditions | ||||
| Active hematologic malignancy | 11 (26.2) | … | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| Solid tumor with recent chemotherapy | 7 (16.7) | … | 5 (16.1) | 1.000 |
| HSCT | 2 (4.8) | … | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| SOT | 6 (14.3) | … | … | |
| High-dose steroidsa | 7 (16.7) | … | … | |
| IBDb | 4 (9.5) | 2 (4) | … | 1.000 |
| Autoimmune conditions | 5 (11.9) | … | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| Severe CDI | ||||
| IDSA/SHEA | 21 (50) | 24 (48) | … | .8492 |
| ESCMID | 24 (57.1) | 31 (62) | … | .6379 |
| Zar et al [10] | 12 (28.5) | 17 (34) | … | .5788 |
| Belmares et al [11] | 5 (11.9) | 8 (16) | … | .5764 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| WBC count, K/μL, median (IQR) | 10.1 (3.7–15.3) | 12.5 (8.8–19) | 11 (7.2–15.3) | .1023 |
| WBC count ≥15 K/μL | 11 (26.1) | 18 (36) | 8 (26) | .9374 |
| Creatinine, g/dL, median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) | 0.9 (0.7–1.5) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | .1636 |
| Creatinine ≥1.5 g/dL | 16 (38.1) | 14 (28) | 10 (32.3) | .5461 |
| Albumin, mg/dL, median (IQR) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 3 (2.5–3.7) | 3.4 (2.8–3.8) | .3519 |
| Albumin <3 mg/dL | 11 (27.5) | 21 (42) | 4 (25) | .5461 |
| Lactate peak, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.3–2.1) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) | NA | .6034 |
| Baseline stool Ct value, median (IQR) | ||||
| Xpert Toxin B Ct (tcdB gene) (n = 122) | 27.5 (23.5–32.2) (n = 41) | 25.45 (22.9–30.5) (n = 50) | 28.5 (26.3–34) (n = 31) | .4835 |
| 027-NAP1-BI | 3 (7.1) | 10 (20) | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| Receipt of filgrastim | 4 (9.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.4) | 1.000 |
| Characteristic . | ICH CDI (n = 42) . | Non-ICH CDI (n = 50) . | ASC (n = 31) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 21 (50) | 18 (36) | 17 (54.8) | .429 |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 67 (52–73) | 63 (52–77) | 64 (49–73) | .6727 |
| Race | ||||
| White | 37 (88.1) | 45 (90) | 21 (61.7) | .448 |
| Non-White | 5 (11.9) | 5 (10) | 10 (32.3) | .381 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Hispanic | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | 1 (3.2) | 1.00 |
| Not Hispanic | 41 (97.6) | 47 (94) | 30 (96.8) | .451 |
| Not reported | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Immunocompromising conditions | ||||
| Active hematologic malignancy | 11 (26.2) | … | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| Solid tumor with recent chemotherapy | 7 (16.7) | … | 5 (16.1) | 1.000 |
| HSCT | 2 (4.8) | … | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| SOT | 6 (14.3) | … | … | |
| High-dose steroidsa | 7 (16.7) | … | … | |
| IBDb | 4 (9.5) | 2 (4) | … | 1.000 |
| Autoimmune conditions | 5 (11.9) | … | 2 (6.5) | 1.000 |
| Severe CDI | ||||
| IDSA/SHEA | 21 (50) | 24 (48) | … | .8492 |
| ESCMID | 24 (57.1) | 31 (62) | … | .6379 |
| Zar et al [10] | 12 (28.5) | 17 (34) | … | .5788 |
| Belmares et al [11] | 5 (11.9) | 8 (16) | … | .5764 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| WBC count, K/μL, median (IQR) | 10.1 (3.7–15.3) | 12.5 (8.8–19) | 11 (7.2–15.3) | .1023 |
| WBC count ≥15 K/μL | 11 (26.1) | 18 (36) | 8 (26) | .9374 |
| Creatinine, g/dL, median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) | 0.9 (0.7–1.5) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | .1636 |
| Creatinine ≥1.5 g/dL | 16 (38.1) | 14 (28) | 10 (32.3) | .5461 |
| Albumin, mg/dL, median (IQR) | 3.1 (2.8–3.4) | 3 (2.5–3.7) | 3.4 (2.8–3.8) | .3519 |
| Albumin <3 mg/dL | 11 (27.5) | 21 (42) | 4 (25) | .5461 |
| Lactate peak, mmol/L, median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.3–2.1) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) | NA | .6034 |
| Baseline stool Ct value, median (IQR) | ||||
| Xpert Toxin B Ct (tcdB gene) (n = 122) | 27.5 (23.5–32.2) (n = 41) | 25.45 (22.9–30.5) (n = 50) | 28.5 (26.3–34) (n = 31) | .4835 |
| 027-NAP1-BI | 3 (7.1) | 10 (20) | 1 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| Receipt of filgrastim | 4 (9.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.4) | 1.000 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: ASC, asymptomatic carrier of Clostridioides difficile; CDI, Clostridioides difficile infection; Ct, cycle threshold; ESCMID, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplant; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; ICH, immunocompromised host; IDSA/SHEA, Infectious Diseases Society of America/Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America; IQR, interquartile range; non-ICH, nonimmunocompromised host; NA, not applicable; SOT, solid organ transplant; WBC, white blood cell.
Chronic administration of high-dose steroids.
IBD patients in ICH category were on immunosuppressive medications. The 2 subjects with IBD in the non-ICH group were not on immunosuppressive medications.
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