| Macrophage population . | Purity/phenotype . | Stimuli . | IFN-γ evaluation (technique) . | Localization . | Trimester . | Refs . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hofbauer cells | Not applicable | None | (+) intracellular protein (IHC) | Fetal | All trimesters | 43 |
| CD163+ | Glucose treatment | (+) mRNA (RT-PCR) (+) protein level (ELISA) | Fetal | Ni | 46 | |
| Decidual macrophages | >95% CD14+ | IL-12 or IL-2 | (−) protein level (ELISA) | Decidua | First | 47 |
| 86% | None | (+) protein level (ELISA) | Decidua | First | 45 | |
| Not applicable | None | (+) intracellular protein (IHC) | Decidua | Third | 44 | |
| Placental macrophages | >95% CD14+ | C. burnetii | (+) protein level (ELISA) | Both | Third | 17 |
| Macrophage population . | Purity/phenotype . | Stimuli . | IFN-γ evaluation (technique) . | Localization . | Trimester . | Refs . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hofbauer cells | Not applicable | None | (+) intracellular protein (IHC) | Fetal | All trimesters | 43 |
| CD163+ | Glucose treatment | (+) mRNA (RT-PCR) (+) protein level (ELISA) | Fetal | Ni | 46 | |
| Decidual macrophages | >95% CD14+ | IL-12 or IL-2 | (−) protein level (ELISA) | Decidua | First | 47 |
| 86% | None | (+) protein level (ELISA) | Decidua | First | 45 | |
| Not applicable | None | (+) intracellular protein (IHC) | Decidua | Third | 44 | |
| Placental macrophages | >95% CD14+ | C. burnetii | (+) protein level (ELISA) | Both | Third | 17 |
| Macrophage population . | Purity/phenotype . | Stimuli . | IFN-γ evaluation (technique) . | Localization . | Trimester . | Refs . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hofbauer cells | Not applicable | None | (+) intracellular protein (IHC) | Fetal | All trimesters | 43 |
| CD163+ | Glucose treatment | (+) mRNA (RT-PCR) (+) protein level (ELISA) | Fetal | Ni | 46 | |
| Decidual macrophages | >95% CD14+ | IL-12 or IL-2 | (−) protein level (ELISA) | Decidua | First | 47 |
| 86% | None | (+) protein level (ELISA) | Decidua | First | 45 | |
| Not applicable | None | (+) intracellular protein (IHC) | Decidua | Third | 44 | |
| Placental macrophages | >95% CD14+ | C. burnetii | (+) protein level (ELISA) | Both | Third | 17 |
| Macrophage population . | Purity/phenotype . | Stimuli . | IFN-γ evaluation (technique) . | Localization . | Trimester . | Refs . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hofbauer cells | Not applicable | None | (+) intracellular protein (IHC) | Fetal | All trimesters | 43 |
| CD163+ | Glucose treatment | (+) mRNA (RT-PCR) (+) protein level (ELISA) | Fetal | Ni | 46 | |
| Decidual macrophages | >95% CD14+ | IL-12 or IL-2 | (−) protein level (ELISA) | Decidua | First | 47 |
| 86% | None | (+) protein level (ELISA) | Decidua | First | 45 | |
| Not applicable | None | (+) intracellular protein (IHC) | Decidua | Third | 44 | |
| Placental macrophages | >95% CD14+ | C. burnetii | (+) protein level (ELISA) | Both | Third | 17 |
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