| . | . | All-cause mortality . | Rehospitalizations for AF or flutter . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables . | Overall (N = 30 601) n (%) . | Survived (N = 28 701) n (%) . | Died (N = 1900) n (%) . | P value . | Not rehospitalized (N = 19 479) n (%) . | Rehospitalized (N = 11 114) n (%) . | P- value . |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 62.7 ± 11.8 | 62.0 ± 11.5 | 72.4 ± 10.8 | <0.001 | 63.3 ± 12.1 | 61.5 ± 11.0 | <0.001 |
| Age group | |||||||
| 18–34 | 642 (2.1) | 631 (2.2) | 11 (0.6) | <0.001 | 427 (2.2) | 215 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| 35–49 | 3316 (10.8) | 3261 (11.4) | 55 (2.9) | — | 1993 (10.2) | 1323 (11.9) | — |
| 50–64 | 12 540 (41.0) | 12 203 (42.5) | 337 (17.7) | — | 7536 (38.7) | 5002 (45.0) | — |
| 65–79 | 12 270 (40.1) | 11 278 (39.3) | 992 (52.2) | — | 8053 (41.3) | 4212 (37.9) | — |
| ≥80 | 1833 (6.0) | 1328 (4.6) | 505 (26.6) | — | 1470 (7.6) | 362 (3.3) | — |
| Female (%) | 9180 (30.0) | 8588 (29.9) | 592 (31.2) | 0.255 | 5825 (29.9) | 3351 (30.2) | 0.650 |
| Median length of stay (IQR) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | <0.001 | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Presenting region | |||||||
| NZ | 2572 (8.4) | 2439 (8.5) | 133 (7.0) | <0.001 | 1700 (8.7) | 871 (7.8) | <0.001 |
| ACT/NSW | 8203 (26.8) | 7672 (26.7) | 531 (28.0) | — | 5226 (26.8) | 2974 (26.8) | — |
| SA/NT | 2130 (7.0) | 1932 (6.7) | 198 (10.4) | — | 1388 (7.1) | 741 (6.7) | — |
| QLD | 6152 (20.1) | 5765 (20.1) | 387 (20.4) | — | 3687 (18.9) | 2465 (22.2) | — |
| TAS | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — |
| VIC | 7433 (24.3) | 7035 (24.5) | 398 (21.0) | — | 5121 (26.3) | 2309 (20.8) | — |
| WA | 4111 (13.4) | 3858 (13.4) | 253 (13.3) | — | 2357 (12.1) | 1754 (15.8) | — |
| Elective (scheduled) procedure | 28 755 (94.0) | 27 089 (94.4) | 1666 (87.7) | <0.001 | 18 270 (93.8) | 10 478 (94.3) | 0.087 |
| Private hospital | 19 272 (63.0) | 18 208 (63.4) | 1064 (56.0) | <0.001 | 12 158 (62.4) | 7111 (64.0) | 0.006 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc scorea (median, IQR) | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | 2 (1-3) | <0.001 | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | <0.001 |
| 0 (n, %) | 13 012 (42.5) | 12 818 (44.7) | 194 (10.2) | <0.001 | 7916 (40.6) | 5095 (45.8) | <0.001 |
| 1 (n, %) | 9236 (30.2) | 8807 (30.7) | 429 (22.6) | — | 5803 (29.8) | 3430 (30.9) | — |
| ≥2 (n, %) | 8353 (27.3) | 7076 (24.7) | 1277 (67.2) | — | 5760 (29.6) | 2589 (23.3) | — |
| Cardiac history | |||||||
| Hypertension | 4098 (13.4) | 3518 (12.3) | 580 (30.5) | <0.001 | 2520 (12.9) | 1575 (14.2) | 0.002 |
| Heart failure | 3123 (10.2) | 2574 (9.0) | 549 (28.9) | <0.001 | 2046 (10.5) | 1073 (9.7) | 0.018 |
| Valvular and rheumatic heart disease | 1319 (4.3) | 1149 (4.0) | 170 (9.0) | <0.001 | 784 (4.0) | 535 (4.8) | 0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 3294 (10.8) | 2858 (10.0) | 436 (23.0) | <0.001 | 2136 (11.0) | 1155 (10.4) | 0.120 |
| Vascular disease | 514 (1.7) | 426 (1.5) | 88 (4.6) | <0.001 | 353 (1.8) | 161 (1.5) | 0.017 |
| History of hospitalization for AF or flutter | 15 035 (49.1) | 14 117 (49.9) | 918 (48.3) | 0.462 | 8861 (45.5) | 6171 (55.5) | <0.001 |
| Non-cardiac comorbidities | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 3101 (10.1) | 2780 (9.7) | 321 (16.9) | <0.001 | 2221 (11.4) | 879 (7.9) | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung diseases | 1365 (4.5) | 1060 (3.7) | 305 (16.1) | <0.001 | 924 (4.7) | 439 (4.0) | 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1072 (3.5) | 811 (2.8) | 261 (13.7) | <0.001 | 790 (4.1) | 281 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| Stroke or TIA | 425 (1.4) | 374 (1.3) | 51 (2.7) | <0.001 | 261 (1.3) | 164 (1.5) | 0.329 |
| Haematological disorders | 1369 (4.5) | 1086 (3.8) | 283 (14.9) | <0.001 | 863 (4.4) | 505 (4.5) | 0.644 |
| Pneumonia | 667 (2.2) | 511 (1.8) | 156 (8.2) | <0.001 | 477 (2.5) | 188 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | 2214 (7.2) | 1981 (6.9) | 233 (12.3) | <0.001 | 1379 (7.1) | 833 (7.5) | 0.177 |
| Dementia and senility | 55 (0.2) | 41 (0.1) | 14 (0.7) | <0.001 | 44 (0.2) | 11 (0.1) | 0.012 |
| Major cancer | 229 (0.8) | 148 (0.5) | 81 (4.3) | <0.001 | 182 (0.9) | 47 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| End-stage liver disease | 39 (0.1) | 30 (0.1) | 9 (0.5) | 0.001 | 27 (0.1) | 12 (0.1) | 0.470 |
| Drug or alcohol abuse, psychosis, or dependence | 458 (1.5) | 383 (1.3) | 75 (4.0) | <0.001 | 304 (1.6) | 153 (1.4) | 0.202 |
| Psychiatric disorders | 447 (1.5) | 376 (1.3) | 71 (3.7) | <0.001 | 291 (1.5) | 156 (1.4) | 0.527 |
| Neurological disorders and paralysis | 326 (1.1) | 275 (1.0) | 51 (2.7) | <0.001 | 211 (1.1) | 115 (1.0) | 0.691 |
| Skin ulcers | 99 (0.3) | 55 (0.2) | 44 (2.3) | <0.001 | 79 (0.4) | 20 (0.2) | 0.001 |
| Urinary tract disorders and incontinence | 1283 (4.2) | 1081 (3.8) | 202 (10.6) | <0.001 | 874 (4.5) | 408 (3.7) | 0.001 |
| . | . | All-cause mortality . | Rehospitalizations for AF or flutter . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables . | Overall (N = 30 601) n (%) . | Survived (N = 28 701) n (%) . | Died (N = 1900) n (%) . | P value . | Not rehospitalized (N = 19 479) n (%) . | Rehospitalized (N = 11 114) n (%) . | P- value . |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 62.7 ± 11.8 | 62.0 ± 11.5 | 72.4 ± 10.8 | <0.001 | 63.3 ± 12.1 | 61.5 ± 11.0 | <0.001 |
| Age group | |||||||
| 18–34 | 642 (2.1) | 631 (2.2) | 11 (0.6) | <0.001 | 427 (2.2) | 215 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| 35–49 | 3316 (10.8) | 3261 (11.4) | 55 (2.9) | — | 1993 (10.2) | 1323 (11.9) | — |
| 50–64 | 12 540 (41.0) | 12 203 (42.5) | 337 (17.7) | — | 7536 (38.7) | 5002 (45.0) | — |
| 65–79 | 12 270 (40.1) | 11 278 (39.3) | 992 (52.2) | — | 8053 (41.3) | 4212 (37.9) | — |
| ≥80 | 1833 (6.0) | 1328 (4.6) | 505 (26.6) | — | 1470 (7.6) | 362 (3.3) | — |
| Female (%) | 9180 (30.0) | 8588 (29.9) | 592 (31.2) | 0.255 | 5825 (29.9) | 3351 (30.2) | 0.650 |
| Median length of stay (IQR) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | <0.001 | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Presenting region | |||||||
| NZ | 2572 (8.4) | 2439 (8.5) | 133 (7.0) | <0.001 | 1700 (8.7) | 871 (7.8) | <0.001 |
| ACT/NSW | 8203 (26.8) | 7672 (26.7) | 531 (28.0) | — | 5226 (26.8) | 2974 (26.8) | — |
| SA/NT | 2130 (7.0) | 1932 (6.7) | 198 (10.4) | — | 1388 (7.1) | 741 (6.7) | — |
| QLD | 6152 (20.1) | 5765 (20.1) | 387 (20.4) | — | 3687 (18.9) | 2465 (22.2) | — |
| TAS | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — |
| VIC | 7433 (24.3) | 7035 (24.5) | 398 (21.0) | — | 5121 (26.3) | 2309 (20.8) | — |
| WA | 4111 (13.4) | 3858 (13.4) | 253 (13.3) | — | 2357 (12.1) | 1754 (15.8) | — |
| Elective (scheduled) procedure | 28 755 (94.0) | 27 089 (94.4) | 1666 (87.7) | <0.001 | 18 270 (93.8) | 10 478 (94.3) | 0.087 |
| Private hospital | 19 272 (63.0) | 18 208 (63.4) | 1064 (56.0) | <0.001 | 12 158 (62.4) | 7111 (64.0) | 0.006 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc scorea (median, IQR) | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | 2 (1-3) | <0.001 | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | <0.001 |
| 0 (n, %) | 13 012 (42.5) | 12 818 (44.7) | 194 (10.2) | <0.001 | 7916 (40.6) | 5095 (45.8) | <0.001 |
| 1 (n, %) | 9236 (30.2) | 8807 (30.7) | 429 (22.6) | — | 5803 (29.8) | 3430 (30.9) | — |
| ≥2 (n, %) | 8353 (27.3) | 7076 (24.7) | 1277 (67.2) | — | 5760 (29.6) | 2589 (23.3) | — |
| Cardiac history | |||||||
| Hypertension | 4098 (13.4) | 3518 (12.3) | 580 (30.5) | <0.001 | 2520 (12.9) | 1575 (14.2) | 0.002 |
| Heart failure | 3123 (10.2) | 2574 (9.0) | 549 (28.9) | <0.001 | 2046 (10.5) | 1073 (9.7) | 0.018 |
| Valvular and rheumatic heart disease | 1319 (4.3) | 1149 (4.0) | 170 (9.0) | <0.001 | 784 (4.0) | 535 (4.8) | 0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 3294 (10.8) | 2858 (10.0) | 436 (23.0) | <0.001 | 2136 (11.0) | 1155 (10.4) | 0.120 |
| Vascular disease | 514 (1.7) | 426 (1.5) | 88 (4.6) | <0.001 | 353 (1.8) | 161 (1.5) | 0.017 |
| History of hospitalization for AF or flutter | 15 035 (49.1) | 14 117 (49.9) | 918 (48.3) | 0.462 | 8861 (45.5) | 6171 (55.5) | <0.001 |
| Non-cardiac comorbidities | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 3101 (10.1) | 2780 (9.7) | 321 (16.9) | <0.001 | 2221 (11.4) | 879 (7.9) | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung diseases | 1365 (4.5) | 1060 (3.7) | 305 (16.1) | <0.001 | 924 (4.7) | 439 (4.0) | 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1072 (3.5) | 811 (2.8) | 261 (13.7) | <0.001 | 790 (4.1) | 281 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| Stroke or TIA | 425 (1.4) | 374 (1.3) | 51 (2.7) | <0.001 | 261 (1.3) | 164 (1.5) | 0.329 |
| Haematological disorders | 1369 (4.5) | 1086 (3.8) | 283 (14.9) | <0.001 | 863 (4.4) | 505 (4.5) | 0.644 |
| Pneumonia | 667 (2.2) | 511 (1.8) | 156 (8.2) | <0.001 | 477 (2.5) | 188 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | 2214 (7.2) | 1981 (6.9) | 233 (12.3) | <0.001 | 1379 (7.1) | 833 (7.5) | 0.177 |
| Dementia and senility | 55 (0.2) | 41 (0.1) | 14 (0.7) | <0.001 | 44 (0.2) | 11 (0.1) | 0.012 |
| Major cancer | 229 (0.8) | 148 (0.5) | 81 (4.3) | <0.001 | 182 (0.9) | 47 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| End-stage liver disease | 39 (0.1) | 30 (0.1) | 9 (0.5) | 0.001 | 27 (0.1) | 12 (0.1) | 0.470 |
| Drug or alcohol abuse, psychosis, or dependence | 458 (1.5) | 383 (1.3) | 75 (4.0) | <0.001 | 304 (1.6) | 153 (1.4) | 0.202 |
| Psychiatric disorders | 447 (1.5) | 376 (1.3) | 71 (3.7) | <0.001 | 291 (1.5) | 156 (1.4) | 0.527 |
| Neurological disorders and paralysis | 326 (1.1) | 275 (1.0) | 51 (2.7) | <0.001 | 211 (1.1) | 115 (1.0) | 0.691 |
| Skin ulcers | 99 (0.3) | 55 (0.2) | 44 (2.3) | <0.001 | 79 (0.4) | 20 (0.2) | 0.001 |
| Urinary tract disorders and incontinence | 1283 (4.2) | 1081 (3.8) | 202 (10.6) | <0.001 | 874 (4.5) | 408 (3.7) | 0.001 |
Major cancer includes metastatic cancer and acute leukaemia; lung, upper digestive tract, and other severe cancers; and lymphatic, head and neck, brain, and other major cancers. Drug-related disorders include drug or alcohol psychosis, drug or alcohol abuse with or without dependence.SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; NZ, New Zealand; ACT, Australian Capital Territory; NSW, New South Wales; SA, South Australia; NT, Northern Territory; QLD, Queensland; TAS, Tasmania; VIC, Victoria; WA, Western Australia; and TIA, transient ischaemic attack; aCHA2DS2-VASc score is a score used to evaluate risk of experiencing thromboembolic events of AF patients in which a point each is given for the presence of congestive heart failure (C), hypertension (H), age 6574 years old (A), diabetes (D), vascular disease (VASc) and female sex and two points each are given for age> = 75 years old and history of stroke (S). The total score ranges from 0 to 9 with the higher the score, the higher the risk.33
| . | . | All-cause mortality . | Rehospitalizations for AF or flutter . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables . | Overall (N = 30 601) n (%) . | Survived (N = 28 701) n (%) . | Died (N = 1900) n (%) . | P value . | Not rehospitalized (N = 19 479) n (%) . | Rehospitalized (N = 11 114) n (%) . | P- value . |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 62.7 ± 11.8 | 62.0 ± 11.5 | 72.4 ± 10.8 | <0.001 | 63.3 ± 12.1 | 61.5 ± 11.0 | <0.001 |
| Age group | |||||||
| 18–34 | 642 (2.1) | 631 (2.2) | 11 (0.6) | <0.001 | 427 (2.2) | 215 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| 35–49 | 3316 (10.8) | 3261 (11.4) | 55 (2.9) | — | 1993 (10.2) | 1323 (11.9) | — |
| 50–64 | 12 540 (41.0) | 12 203 (42.5) | 337 (17.7) | — | 7536 (38.7) | 5002 (45.0) | — |
| 65–79 | 12 270 (40.1) | 11 278 (39.3) | 992 (52.2) | — | 8053 (41.3) | 4212 (37.9) | — |
| ≥80 | 1833 (6.0) | 1328 (4.6) | 505 (26.6) | — | 1470 (7.6) | 362 (3.3) | — |
| Female (%) | 9180 (30.0) | 8588 (29.9) | 592 (31.2) | 0.255 | 5825 (29.9) | 3351 (30.2) | 0.650 |
| Median length of stay (IQR) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | <0.001 | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Presenting region | |||||||
| NZ | 2572 (8.4) | 2439 (8.5) | 133 (7.0) | <0.001 | 1700 (8.7) | 871 (7.8) | <0.001 |
| ACT/NSW | 8203 (26.8) | 7672 (26.7) | 531 (28.0) | — | 5226 (26.8) | 2974 (26.8) | — |
| SA/NT | 2130 (7.0) | 1932 (6.7) | 198 (10.4) | — | 1388 (7.1) | 741 (6.7) | — |
| QLD | 6152 (20.1) | 5765 (20.1) | 387 (20.4) | — | 3687 (18.9) | 2465 (22.2) | — |
| TAS | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — |
| VIC | 7433 (24.3) | 7035 (24.5) | 398 (21.0) | — | 5121 (26.3) | 2309 (20.8) | — |
| WA | 4111 (13.4) | 3858 (13.4) | 253 (13.3) | — | 2357 (12.1) | 1754 (15.8) | — |
| Elective (scheduled) procedure | 28 755 (94.0) | 27 089 (94.4) | 1666 (87.7) | <0.001 | 18 270 (93.8) | 10 478 (94.3) | 0.087 |
| Private hospital | 19 272 (63.0) | 18 208 (63.4) | 1064 (56.0) | <0.001 | 12 158 (62.4) | 7111 (64.0) | 0.006 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc scorea (median, IQR) | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | 2 (1-3) | <0.001 | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | <0.001 |
| 0 (n, %) | 13 012 (42.5) | 12 818 (44.7) | 194 (10.2) | <0.001 | 7916 (40.6) | 5095 (45.8) | <0.001 |
| 1 (n, %) | 9236 (30.2) | 8807 (30.7) | 429 (22.6) | — | 5803 (29.8) | 3430 (30.9) | — |
| ≥2 (n, %) | 8353 (27.3) | 7076 (24.7) | 1277 (67.2) | — | 5760 (29.6) | 2589 (23.3) | — |
| Cardiac history | |||||||
| Hypertension | 4098 (13.4) | 3518 (12.3) | 580 (30.5) | <0.001 | 2520 (12.9) | 1575 (14.2) | 0.002 |
| Heart failure | 3123 (10.2) | 2574 (9.0) | 549 (28.9) | <0.001 | 2046 (10.5) | 1073 (9.7) | 0.018 |
| Valvular and rheumatic heart disease | 1319 (4.3) | 1149 (4.0) | 170 (9.0) | <0.001 | 784 (4.0) | 535 (4.8) | 0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 3294 (10.8) | 2858 (10.0) | 436 (23.0) | <0.001 | 2136 (11.0) | 1155 (10.4) | 0.120 |
| Vascular disease | 514 (1.7) | 426 (1.5) | 88 (4.6) | <0.001 | 353 (1.8) | 161 (1.5) | 0.017 |
| History of hospitalization for AF or flutter | 15 035 (49.1) | 14 117 (49.9) | 918 (48.3) | 0.462 | 8861 (45.5) | 6171 (55.5) | <0.001 |
| Non-cardiac comorbidities | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 3101 (10.1) | 2780 (9.7) | 321 (16.9) | <0.001 | 2221 (11.4) | 879 (7.9) | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung diseases | 1365 (4.5) | 1060 (3.7) | 305 (16.1) | <0.001 | 924 (4.7) | 439 (4.0) | 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1072 (3.5) | 811 (2.8) | 261 (13.7) | <0.001 | 790 (4.1) | 281 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| Stroke or TIA | 425 (1.4) | 374 (1.3) | 51 (2.7) | <0.001 | 261 (1.3) | 164 (1.5) | 0.329 |
| Haematological disorders | 1369 (4.5) | 1086 (3.8) | 283 (14.9) | <0.001 | 863 (4.4) | 505 (4.5) | 0.644 |
| Pneumonia | 667 (2.2) | 511 (1.8) | 156 (8.2) | <0.001 | 477 (2.5) | 188 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | 2214 (7.2) | 1981 (6.9) | 233 (12.3) | <0.001 | 1379 (7.1) | 833 (7.5) | 0.177 |
| Dementia and senility | 55 (0.2) | 41 (0.1) | 14 (0.7) | <0.001 | 44 (0.2) | 11 (0.1) | 0.012 |
| Major cancer | 229 (0.8) | 148 (0.5) | 81 (4.3) | <0.001 | 182 (0.9) | 47 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| End-stage liver disease | 39 (0.1) | 30 (0.1) | 9 (0.5) | 0.001 | 27 (0.1) | 12 (0.1) | 0.470 |
| Drug or alcohol abuse, psychosis, or dependence | 458 (1.5) | 383 (1.3) | 75 (4.0) | <0.001 | 304 (1.6) | 153 (1.4) | 0.202 |
| Psychiatric disorders | 447 (1.5) | 376 (1.3) | 71 (3.7) | <0.001 | 291 (1.5) | 156 (1.4) | 0.527 |
| Neurological disorders and paralysis | 326 (1.1) | 275 (1.0) | 51 (2.7) | <0.001 | 211 (1.1) | 115 (1.0) | 0.691 |
| Skin ulcers | 99 (0.3) | 55 (0.2) | 44 (2.3) | <0.001 | 79 (0.4) | 20 (0.2) | 0.001 |
| Urinary tract disorders and incontinence | 1283 (4.2) | 1081 (3.8) | 202 (10.6) | <0.001 | 874 (4.5) | 408 (3.7) | 0.001 |
| . | . | All-cause mortality . | Rehospitalizations for AF or flutter . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables . | Overall (N = 30 601) n (%) . | Survived (N = 28 701) n (%) . | Died (N = 1900) n (%) . | P value . | Not rehospitalized (N = 19 479) n (%) . | Rehospitalized (N = 11 114) n (%) . | P- value . |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||||
| Age (mean ± SD) | 62.7 ± 11.8 | 62.0 ± 11.5 | 72.4 ± 10.8 | <0.001 | 63.3 ± 12.1 | 61.5 ± 11.0 | <0.001 |
| Age group | |||||||
| 18–34 | 642 (2.1) | 631 (2.2) | 11 (0.6) | <0.001 | 427 (2.2) | 215 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| 35–49 | 3316 (10.8) | 3261 (11.4) | 55 (2.9) | — | 1993 (10.2) | 1323 (11.9) | — |
| 50–64 | 12 540 (41.0) | 12 203 (42.5) | 337 (17.7) | — | 7536 (38.7) | 5002 (45.0) | — |
| 65–79 | 12 270 (40.1) | 11 278 (39.3) | 992 (52.2) | — | 8053 (41.3) | 4212 (37.9) | — |
| ≥80 | 1833 (6.0) | 1328 (4.6) | 505 (26.6) | — | 1470 (7.6) | 362 (3.3) | — |
| Female (%) | 9180 (30.0) | 8588 (29.9) | 592 (31.2) | 0.255 | 5825 (29.9) | 3351 (30.2) | 0.650 |
| Median length of stay (IQR) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–3.0) | <0.001 | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | <0.001 |
| Presenting region | |||||||
| NZ | 2572 (8.4) | 2439 (8.5) | 133 (7.0) | <0.001 | 1700 (8.7) | 871 (7.8) | <0.001 |
| ACT/NSW | 8203 (26.8) | 7672 (26.7) | 531 (28.0) | — | 5226 (26.8) | 2974 (26.8) | — |
| SA/NT | 2130 (7.0) | 1932 (6.7) | 198 (10.4) | — | 1388 (7.1) | 741 (6.7) | — |
| QLD | 6152 (20.1) | 5765 (20.1) | 387 (20.4) | — | 3687 (18.9) | 2465 (22.2) | — |
| TAS | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | — |
| VIC | 7433 (24.3) | 7035 (24.5) | 398 (21.0) | — | 5121 (26.3) | 2309 (20.8) | — |
| WA | 4111 (13.4) | 3858 (13.4) | 253 (13.3) | — | 2357 (12.1) | 1754 (15.8) | — |
| Elective (scheduled) procedure | 28 755 (94.0) | 27 089 (94.4) | 1666 (87.7) | <0.001 | 18 270 (93.8) | 10 478 (94.3) | 0.087 |
| Private hospital | 19 272 (63.0) | 18 208 (63.4) | 1064 (56.0) | <0.001 | 12 158 (62.4) | 7111 (64.0) | 0.006 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc scorea (median, IQR) | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | 2 (1-3) | <0.001 | 1 (0-2) | 1 (0-1) | <0.001 |
| 0 (n, %) | 13 012 (42.5) | 12 818 (44.7) | 194 (10.2) | <0.001 | 7916 (40.6) | 5095 (45.8) | <0.001 |
| 1 (n, %) | 9236 (30.2) | 8807 (30.7) | 429 (22.6) | — | 5803 (29.8) | 3430 (30.9) | — |
| ≥2 (n, %) | 8353 (27.3) | 7076 (24.7) | 1277 (67.2) | — | 5760 (29.6) | 2589 (23.3) | — |
| Cardiac history | |||||||
| Hypertension | 4098 (13.4) | 3518 (12.3) | 580 (30.5) | <0.001 | 2520 (12.9) | 1575 (14.2) | 0.002 |
| Heart failure | 3123 (10.2) | 2574 (9.0) | 549 (28.9) | <0.001 | 2046 (10.5) | 1073 (9.7) | 0.018 |
| Valvular and rheumatic heart disease | 1319 (4.3) | 1149 (4.0) | 170 (9.0) | <0.001 | 784 (4.0) | 535 (4.8) | 0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 3294 (10.8) | 2858 (10.0) | 436 (23.0) | <0.001 | 2136 (11.0) | 1155 (10.4) | 0.120 |
| Vascular disease | 514 (1.7) | 426 (1.5) | 88 (4.6) | <0.001 | 353 (1.8) | 161 (1.5) | 0.017 |
| History of hospitalization for AF or flutter | 15 035 (49.1) | 14 117 (49.9) | 918 (48.3) | 0.462 | 8861 (45.5) | 6171 (55.5) | <0.001 |
| Non-cardiac comorbidities | |||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 3101 (10.1) | 2780 (9.7) | 321 (16.9) | <0.001 | 2221 (11.4) | 879 (7.9) | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung diseases | 1365 (4.5) | 1060 (3.7) | 305 (16.1) | <0.001 | 924 (4.7) | 439 (4.0) | 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1072 (3.5) | 811 (2.8) | 261 (13.7) | <0.001 | 790 (4.1) | 281 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| Stroke or TIA | 425 (1.4) | 374 (1.3) | 51 (2.7) | <0.001 | 261 (1.3) | 164 (1.5) | 0.329 |
| Haematological disorders | 1369 (4.5) | 1086 (3.8) | 283 (14.9) | <0.001 | 863 (4.4) | 505 (4.5) | 0.644 |
| Pneumonia | 667 (2.2) | 511 (1.8) | 156 (8.2) | <0.001 | 477 (2.5) | 188 (1.7) | <0.001 |
| Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | 2214 (7.2) | 1981 (6.9) | 233 (12.3) | <0.001 | 1379 (7.1) | 833 (7.5) | 0.177 |
| Dementia and senility | 55 (0.2) | 41 (0.1) | 14 (0.7) | <0.001 | 44 (0.2) | 11 (0.1) | 0.012 |
| Major cancer | 229 (0.8) | 148 (0.5) | 81 (4.3) | <0.001 | 182 (0.9) | 47 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| End-stage liver disease | 39 (0.1) | 30 (0.1) | 9 (0.5) | 0.001 | 27 (0.1) | 12 (0.1) | 0.470 |
| Drug or alcohol abuse, psychosis, or dependence | 458 (1.5) | 383 (1.3) | 75 (4.0) | <0.001 | 304 (1.6) | 153 (1.4) | 0.202 |
| Psychiatric disorders | 447 (1.5) | 376 (1.3) | 71 (3.7) | <0.001 | 291 (1.5) | 156 (1.4) | 0.527 |
| Neurological disorders and paralysis | 326 (1.1) | 275 (1.0) | 51 (2.7) | <0.001 | 211 (1.1) | 115 (1.0) | 0.691 |
| Skin ulcers | 99 (0.3) | 55 (0.2) | 44 (2.3) | <0.001 | 79 (0.4) | 20 (0.2) | 0.001 |
| Urinary tract disorders and incontinence | 1283 (4.2) | 1081 (3.8) | 202 (10.6) | <0.001 | 874 (4.5) | 408 (3.7) | 0.001 |
Major cancer includes metastatic cancer and acute leukaemia; lung, upper digestive tract, and other severe cancers; and lymphatic, head and neck, brain, and other major cancers. Drug-related disorders include drug or alcohol psychosis, drug or alcohol abuse with or without dependence.SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; NZ, New Zealand; ACT, Australian Capital Territory; NSW, New South Wales; SA, South Australia; NT, Northern Territory; QLD, Queensland; TAS, Tasmania; VIC, Victoria; WA, Western Australia; and TIA, transient ischaemic attack; aCHA2DS2-VASc score is a score used to evaluate risk of experiencing thromboembolic events of AF patients in which a point each is given for the presence of congestive heart failure (C), hypertension (H), age 6574 years old (A), diabetes (D), vascular disease (VASc) and female sex and two points each are given for age> = 75 years old and history of stroke (S). The total score ranges from 0 to 9 with the higher the score, the higher the risk.33
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