Table 2. Open in new tab Multivariable...

Variable^a	Missed Opportunity^b	90-Day Mortality^c
Deficiency anemias^d	1.38 (1.33–1.69)	.001
Depression^d	1.38 (1.07–1.78)	.013
Paralysis^d	1.39 (1.09–1.78)	.009
Drug abuse^d	1.21 (.88–1.65)	.24
Lymphoma^d	1.33 (.87–2.03)	.19
Age 60–70 years^e			2.01 (1.01–4.01)	.047
Age 70–80 years^e			2.83 (1.39–5.77)	.004
Age >80 years^e			3.80 (1.73–8.31)	<.001
Chronic kidney disease^d			1.66 (1.07–2.60)	.025
Hyponatremia^f			1.62 (1.10–2.39)	.014
Mechanical ventilation^f			3.45 (2.25–5.29)	<.001
Septicemia^f			1.59 (1.04–2.45)	.034
MO during prior ED visit in the past 6 months			1.11 (.64–1.93)	.71
MO during prior hospitalization in the past 6 months			0.90 (.59–1.37)	.62

Variable^a

Missed Opportunity^b

90-Day Mortality^c

RR (95% CI)

P Value

RR (95% CI)

P Value

Deficiency anemias^d

1.38 (1.33–1.69)

.001

Depression^d

1.38 (1.07–1.78)

.013

Paralysis^d

1.39 (1.09–1.78)

.009

Drug abuse^d

1.21 (.88–1.65)

.24

Lymphoma^d

1.33 (.87–2.03)

.19

Age 60–70 years^e

2.01 (1.01–4.01)

.047

Age 70–80 years^e

2.83 (1.39–5.77)

.004

Age >80 years^e

3.80 (1.73–8.31)

<.001

Chronic kidney disease^d

1.66 (1.07–2.60)

.025

Hyponatremia^f

1.62 (1.10–2.39)

.014

Mechanical ventilation^f

3.45 (2.25–5.29)

<.001

Septicemia^f

1.59 (1.04–2.45)

.034

MO during prior ED visit in the past 6 months

1.11 (.64–1.93)

.71

MO during prior hospitalization in the past 6 months

0.90 (.59–1.37)

.62

Variable^a	Missed Opportunity^b	90-Day Mortality^c
Deficiency anemias^d	1.38 (1.33–1.69)	.001
Depression^d	1.38 (1.07–1.78)	.013
Paralysis^d	1.39 (1.09–1.78)	.009
Drug abuse^d	1.21 (.88–1.65)	.24
Lymphoma^d	1.33 (.87–2.03)	.19
Age 60–70 years^e			2.01 (1.01–4.01)	.047
Age 70–80 years^e			2.83 (1.39–5.77)	.004
Age >80 years^e			3.80 (1.73–8.31)	<.001
Chronic kidney disease^d			1.66 (1.07–2.60)	.025
Hyponatremia^f			1.62 (1.10–2.39)	.014
Mechanical ventilation^f			3.45 (2.25–5.29)	<.001
Septicemia^f			1.59 (1.04–2.45)	.034
MO during prior ED visit in the past 6 months			1.11 (.64–1.93)	.71
MO during prior hospitalization in the past 6 months			0.90 (.59–1.37)	.62

Table 2.

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Multivariable Regression Models of Risk Factors Associated With a Missed Opportunity and 90-Day In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Tuberculosis Meningitis

Variable^a	Missed Opportunity^b		90-Day Mortality^c
Variable^a	RR (95% CI)	P Value	RR (95% CI)	P Value
Deficiency anemias^d	1.38 (1.33–1.69)	.001
Depression^d	1.38 (1.07–1.78)	.013
Paralysis^d	1.39 (1.09–1.78)	.009
Drug abuse^d	1.21 (.88–1.65)	.24
Lymphoma^d	1.33 (.87–2.03)	.19
Age 60–70 years^e			2.01 (1.01–4.01)	.047
Age 70–80 years^e			2.83 (1.39–5.77)	.004
Age >80 years^e			3.80 (1.73–8.31)	<.001
Chronic kidney disease^d			1.66 (1.07–2.60)	.025
Hyponatremia^f			1.62 (1.10–2.39)	.014
Mechanical ventilation^f			3.45 (2.25–5.29)	<.001
Septicemia^f			1.59 (1.04–2.45)	.034
MO during prior ED visit in the past 6 months			1.11 (.64–1.93)	.71
MO during prior hospitalization in the past 6 months			0.90 (.59–1.37)	.62

Variable^a	Missed Opportunity^b		90-Day Mortality^c
Variable^a	RR (95% CI)	P Value	RR (95% CI)	P Value
Deficiency anemias^d	1.38 (1.33–1.69)	.001
Depression^d	1.38 (1.07–1.78)	.013
Paralysis^d	1.39 (1.09–1.78)	.009
Drug abuse^d	1.21 (.88–1.65)	.24
Lymphoma^d	1.33 (.87–2.03)	.19
Age 60–70 years^e			2.01 (1.01–4.01)	.047
Age 70–80 years^e			2.83 (1.39–5.77)	.004
Age >80 years^e			3.80 (1.73–8.31)	<.001
Chronic kidney disease^d			1.66 (1.07–2.60)	.025
Hyponatremia^f			1.62 (1.10–2.39)	.014
Mechanical ventilation^f			3.45 (2.25–5.29)	<.001
Septicemia^f			1.59 (1.04–2.45)	.034
MO during prior ED visit in the past 6 months			1.11 (.64–1.93)	.71
MO during prior hospitalization in the past 6 months			0.90 (.59–1.37)	.62

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; ED, emergency department; MO, missed opportunity; RR, relative risk.

Models were generated using a stepwise selection approach with entering in all variables with P < .2 in univariate analysis or a priori clinical/biological plausibility. Relative risk, 95% CIs, and P values are shown only for variables that were included in the final models.

Variables considered for the MO model were based on a priori clinical/biological plausibility (age, race, states above the average national TB incidence, primary payer, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, weight loss, chronic kidney disease, chronic pulmonary disease, median hospital admission, people with human immunodeficiency virus).

Variables considered for the 90-day in-hospital mortality model were based on a priori clinical/biological plausibility (age, primary payer, drug abuse, alcohol abuse, weight loss, chronic kidney disease, chronic pulmonary disease, noncentral nervous system tuberculosis, diabetes, liver disease, MO, MO in a treat-and-release emergency department visit).

Comorbidity within the 12 months before the index hospitalization with tuberculosis (TB) meningitis.

Reference age group was age 40–50 years.

Condition coded during the index hospitalization.

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