| 1. Aging is associated with physiological changes in organ body structure and function and in homeostatic mechanisms |
| • This modifies the pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic properties of cardiovascular drugs |
| 2. Vulnerability: greater propensity to get sick |
| • Many older people present ≥2 chronic medical or psychiatric conditions simultaneously (multimorbidity) |
| • Produces physical impairment, functional limitation and disability, frailty, impairs the quality of life, and increases sedentary lifestyles |
| • Geriatric syndromes: cognitive impairment and delirium, falls, pressure ulcers, urinary incontinence, functional decline |
| 3. Polypharmacy: older people use multiple medications (prescriptions, over the counter, alternative/herbal medications, vitamins, and supplements) |
| • Higher risk of inappropriate polypharmacy: overuse, underuse, misuse, unnecessary, inappropriate, or harmful drugs |
| • Higher risk of adverse drug reactions and drug–drug and drug–disease interactions |
| 1. Aging is associated with physiological changes in organ body structure and function and in homeostatic mechanisms |
| • This modifies the pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic properties of cardiovascular drugs |
| 2. Vulnerability: greater propensity to get sick |
| • Many older people present ≥2 chronic medical or psychiatric conditions simultaneously (multimorbidity) |
| • Produces physical impairment, functional limitation and disability, frailty, impairs the quality of life, and increases sedentary lifestyles |
| • Geriatric syndromes: cognitive impairment and delirium, falls, pressure ulcers, urinary incontinence, functional decline |
| 3. Polypharmacy: older people use multiple medications (prescriptions, over the counter, alternative/herbal medications, vitamins, and supplements) |
| • Higher risk of inappropriate polypharmacy: overuse, underuse, misuse, unnecessary, inappropriate, or harmful drugs |
| • Higher risk of adverse drug reactions and drug–drug and drug–disease interactions |
| 1. Aging is associated with physiological changes in organ body structure and function and in homeostatic mechanisms |
| • This modifies the pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic properties of cardiovascular drugs |
| 2. Vulnerability: greater propensity to get sick |
| • Many older people present ≥2 chronic medical or psychiatric conditions simultaneously (multimorbidity) |
| • Produces physical impairment, functional limitation and disability, frailty, impairs the quality of life, and increases sedentary lifestyles |
| • Geriatric syndromes: cognitive impairment and delirium, falls, pressure ulcers, urinary incontinence, functional decline |
| 3. Polypharmacy: older people use multiple medications (prescriptions, over the counter, alternative/herbal medications, vitamins, and supplements) |
| • Higher risk of inappropriate polypharmacy: overuse, underuse, misuse, unnecessary, inappropriate, or harmful drugs |
| • Higher risk of adverse drug reactions and drug–drug and drug–disease interactions |
| 1. Aging is associated with physiological changes in organ body structure and function and in homeostatic mechanisms |
| • This modifies the pharmacodynamic/pharmacokinetic properties of cardiovascular drugs |
| 2. Vulnerability: greater propensity to get sick |
| • Many older people present ≥2 chronic medical or psychiatric conditions simultaneously (multimorbidity) |
| • Produces physical impairment, functional limitation and disability, frailty, impairs the quality of life, and increases sedentary lifestyles |
| • Geriatric syndromes: cognitive impairment and delirium, falls, pressure ulcers, urinary incontinence, functional decline |
| 3. Polypharmacy: older people use multiple medications (prescriptions, over the counter, alternative/herbal medications, vitamins, and supplements) |
| • Higher risk of inappropriate polypharmacy: overuse, underuse, misuse, unnecessary, inappropriate, or harmful drugs |
| • Higher risk of adverse drug reactions and drug–drug and drug–disease interactions |
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