| Inclusion criteria . | Exclusion criteria . |
|---|---|
| Population Homeless populations (HPs) as defined by ETHOS Typology on Homelessness and Housing Exclusion, developed by the European Federation of National Organisations Working with the Homeless (FEANTSA)30: − Rooflessness (without a shelter of any kind, sleeping rough) − Houselessness (with a place to sleep but temporary in institutions or shelter) − Living in insecure housing (threatened with severe exclusion due to insecure tenancies, eviction, domestic violence) − Living in inadequate housing (in caravans on illegal campsites, in unfit housing, in extreme overcrowding) Over >50% of the study population currently homeless Adults over 18 years olda Homeless veterans | Population Children under 18 years old (if explicitly stated) |
| Intervention NHS definition of primary care,31 including general practice, community pharmacy, dental, and optometry services Organized by doctors, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, or students Outreach according to our unique definition “bringing health care TO HPs”b | Intervention Secondary care services and specialized medicinec Digital forms of outreach House calls, and nursing/care home outreach, where the population was not specifically stated to be homeless Community health care provision where outreach according to our definition was not suggested (including community pharmacy that was not going to patient locations) |
| Context High-income countries according to the World Bank definition | Context Studies set in postdisaster settings Reviews, books, protocols |
| Outcome Studies that evaluated the outreach in some way, including objective and subjective (as reported by patients) outcomes |
| Inclusion criteria . | Exclusion criteria . |
|---|---|
| Population Homeless populations (HPs) as defined by ETHOS Typology on Homelessness and Housing Exclusion, developed by the European Federation of National Organisations Working with the Homeless (FEANTSA)30: − Rooflessness (without a shelter of any kind, sleeping rough) − Houselessness (with a place to sleep but temporary in institutions or shelter) − Living in insecure housing (threatened with severe exclusion due to insecure tenancies, eviction, domestic violence) − Living in inadequate housing (in caravans on illegal campsites, in unfit housing, in extreme overcrowding) Over >50% of the study population currently homeless Adults over 18 years olda Homeless veterans | Population Children under 18 years old (if explicitly stated) |
| Intervention NHS definition of primary care,31 including general practice, community pharmacy, dental, and optometry services Organized by doctors, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, or students Outreach according to our unique definition “bringing health care TO HPs”b | Intervention Secondary care services and specialized medicinec Digital forms of outreach House calls, and nursing/care home outreach, where the population was not specifically stated to be homeless Community health care provision where outreach according to our definition was not suggested (including community pharmacy that was not going to patient locations) |
| Context High-income countries according to the World Bank definition | Context Studies set in postdisaster settings Reviews, books, protocols |
| Outcome Studies that evaluated the outreach in some way, including objective and subjective (as reported by patients) outcomes |
Among the papers that included individuals below 18 in the wider age range, the youngest was 16 years old.
This could involve places where HPs usually congregate, for example, on the streets and in shelters, hostels or foodbanks, or in community centers where HPs go for services other than health care.
Unless such services are mentioned in the context of primary care outreach outcomes, for example referrals to such services, or reduced visits (e.g. to accident and emergency services).
| Inclusion criteria . | Exclusion criteria . |
|---|---|
| Population Homeless populations (HPs) as defined by ETHOS Typology on Homelessness and Housing Exclusion, developed by the European Federation of National Organisations Working with the Homeless (FEANTSA)30: − Rooflessness (without a shelter of any kind, sleeping rough) − Houselessness (with a place to sleep but temporary in institutions or shelter) − Living in insecure housing (threatened with severe exclusion due to insecure tenancies, eviction, domestic violence) − Living in inadequate housing (in caravans on illegal campsites, in unfit housing, in extreme overcrowding) Over >50% of the study population currently homeless Adults over 18 years olda Homeless veterans | Population Children under 18 years old (if explicitly stated) |
| Intervention NHS definition of primary care,31 including general practice, community pharmacy, dental, and optometry services Organized by doctors, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, or students Outreach according to our unique definition “bringing health care TO HPs”b | Intervention Secondary care services and specialized medicinec Digital forms of outreach House calls, and nursing/care home outreach, where the population was not specifically stated to be homeless Community health care provision where outreach according to our definition was not suggested (including community pharmacy that was not going to patient locations) |
| Context High-income countries according to the World Bank definition | Context Studies set in postdisaster settings Reviews, books, protocols |
| Outcome Studies that evaluated the outreach in some way, including objective and subjective (as reported by patients) outcomes |
| Inclusion criteria . | Exclusion criteria . |
|---|---|
| Population Homeless populations (HPs) as defined by ETHOS Typology on Homelessness and Housing Exclusion, developed by the European Federation of National Organisations Working with the Homeless (FEANTSA)30: − Rooflessness (without a shelter of any kind, sleeping rough) − Houselessness (with a place to sleep but temporary in institutions or shelter) − Living in insecure housing (threatened with severe exclusion due to insecure tenancies, eviction, domestic violence) − Living in inadequate housing (in caravans on illegal campsites, in unfit housing, in extreme overcrowding) Over >50% of the study population currently homeless Adults over 18 years olda Homeless veterans | Population Children under 18 years old (if explicitly stated) |
| Intervention NHS definition of primary care,31 including general practice, community pharmacy, dental, and optometry services Organized by doctors, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, or students Outreach according to our unique definition “bringing health care TO HPs”b | Intervention Secondary care services and specialized medicinec Digital forms of outreach House calls, and nursing/care home outreach, where the population was not specifically stated to be homeless Community health care provision where outreach according to our definition was not suggested (including community pharmacy that was not going to patient locations) |
| Context High-income countries according to the World Bank definition | Context Studies set in postdisaster settings Reviews, books, protocols |
| Outcome Studies that evaluated the outreach in some way, including objective and subjective (as reported by patients) outcomes |
Among the papers that included individuals below 18 in the wider age range, the youngest was 16 years old.
This could involve places where HPs usually congregate, for example, on the streets and in shelters, hostels or foodbanks, or in community centers where HPs go for services other than health care.
Unless such services are mentioned in the context of primary care outreach outcomes, for example referrals to such services, or reduced visits (e.g. to accident and emergency services).
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