Patient and tumour characteristics and surgical management by primary cancer
| . | Total . | Renal cancer . | Lung cancer . | Colorectal cancer . | Other cancer* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 435 | 195 | 121 | 50 | 69 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female, n (%) | 155 (36) | 62 (32) | 58 (48) | 12 (24) | 23 (33) |
| Male, n (%) | 280 (64) | 133 (68) | 63 (52) | 38 (76) | 46 (67) |
| Age at surgery | |||||
| under 60 years, n (%) | 116 (27) | 55 (28) | 31 (26) | 8 (16) | 22 (32) |
| 60–70 years, n (%) | 184 (42) | 76 (39) | 61 (50) | 19 (38) | 28 (41) |
| More than 70 years, n (%) | 135 (31) | 64 (33) | 29 (24) | 23 (46) | 19 (28) |
| Age at surgery in years, mean(s.d.) | 65.0(9.3) | 65.3(9.6) | 64.2(8.0) | 68.5(8.8) | 63.4(10.3) |
| BMI in kg/m2, mean(s.d.) | 26.1(4.8) | 26.8(4.8) | 24.9(4.8) | 26.4(4.4) | 26.5(4.8) |
| CCI, mean(s.d.) | 0.6(1.0) | 0.7(1.2) | 0.6(0.9) | 0.5(1.0) | 0.6(0.9) |
| Doctor’s delay in days, median (i.q.r.)# | 65 (40–124) | 51 (29–83) | 69 (48–117) | 94 (50–155) | 84 (57–166) |
| Tumour size (n = 369) | |||||
| under 25 mm, n (%) | 127 (34) | 75 (47) | 31 (28) | 10 (23) | 11 (19) |
| 25–50 mm, n (%) | 143 (39) | 54 (34) | 45 (41) | 19 (43) | 25 (44) |
| More than 50 mm, n (%) | 99 (27) | 29 (18) | 34 (31) | 15 (34) | 21 (37) |
| Size in mm, median (i.q.r.) | 35 (20–54) | 25 (16–44) | 40 (22–55) | 45 (30–64) | 40 (30–72) |
| Location of metastasis (n = 421) | |||||
| Left, n (%) | 253 (60) | 112 (61) | 70 (58) | 28 (58) | 43 (63) |
| Right, n (%) | 152 (36) | 62 (34) | 48 (40) | 20 (42) | 22 (32) |
| Bilateral, n (%) | 16 (4) | 11 (6) | 2 (2) | - | 3 (4) |
| Mode of discovery (n = 405) | |||||
| Synchronous, n (%) | 160 (40) | 106 (57) | 41 (36) | 6 (12) | 7 (12) |
| Metachronous, n (%) | 245 (60) | 80 (43) | 72 (64) | 43 (88) | 50 (88) |
| Extra-adrenal metastases at time of surgery (n = 391) | |||||
| No, n (%) | 282 (72) | 113 (69) | 92 (80) | 35 (73) | 42 (65) |
| Yes, n (%) | 109 (28) | 50 (31) | 23 (20) | 13 (27) | 23 (35) |
| Surgical approach (n = 395) | |||||
| Laparoscopic, n (%) | 237 (60) | 73 (45) | 93 (79) | 31 (65) | 40 (61) |
| Conversion to open, n (%) | 22 (6) | 11 (7) | 8 (7) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) |
| Open, n (%) | 136 (34) | 80 (49) | 16 (14) | 16 (33) | 24 (36) |
| Surgical extent (n = 429) | |||||
| Only adrenalectomized, n (%) | 247 (58) | 66 (34) | 102 (85) | 34 (71) | 45 (65) |
| Extended surgery, n (%) | 182 (42) | 126 (66) | 18 (15) | 14 (29) | 24 (35) |
| Radicality | |||||
| R0 resection, n (%) | 279 (64) | 135 (69) | 79 (65) | 28 (56) | 37 (54) |
| R1 resection, n (%) | 140 (32) | 55 (28) | 36 (30) | 20 (40) | 29 (42) |
| R2 resection, n (%) | 16 (4) | 5 (3) | 6 (5) | 2 (4) | 3 (4) |
| Duration of surgery in min (n = 246) | |||||
| Laparoscopic, median (i.q.r.) | 100 (70–153) | 143 (88–200) | 85 (60–121) | 109 (69–146) | 103 (70–141) |
| Open, median (i.q.r.) | 176 (113–233) | 182 (124–226) | 160 (129–261) | 229 (117–295) | 111 (96–178) |
| . | Total . | Renal cancer . | Lung cancer . | Colorectal cancer . | Other cancer* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 435 | 195 | 121 | 50 | 69 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female, n (%) | 155 (36) | 62 (32) | 58 (48) | 12 (24) | 23 (33) |
| Male, n (%) | 280 (64) | 133 (68) | 63 (52) | 38 (76) | 46 (67) |
| Age at surgery | |||||
| under 60 years, n (%) | 116 (27) | 55 (28) | 31 (26) | 8 (16) | 22 (32) |
| 60–70 years, n (%) | 184 (42) | 76 (39) | 61 (50) | 19 (38) | 28 (41) |
| More than 70 years, n (%) | 135 (31) | 64 (33) | 29 (24) | 23 (46) | 19 (28) |
| Age at surgery in years, mean(s.d.) | 65.0(9.3) | 65.3(9.6) | 64.2(8.0) | 68.5(8.8) | 63.4(10.3) |
| BMI in kg/m2, mean(s.d.) | 26.1(4.8) | 26.8(4.8) | 24.9(4.8) | 26.4(4.4) | 26.5(4.8) |
| CCI, mean(s.d.) | 0.6(1.0) | 0.7(1.2) | 0.6(0.9) | 0.5(1.0) | 0.6(0.9) |
| Doctor’s delay in days, median (i.q.r.)# | 65 (40–124) | 51 (29–83) | 69 (48–117) | 94 (50–155) | 84 (57–166) |
| Tumour size (n = 369) | |||||
| under 25 mm, n (%) | 127 (34) | 75 (47) | 31 (28) | 10 (23) | 11 (19) |
| 25–50 mm, n (%) | 143 (39) | 54 (34) | 45 (41) | 19 (43) | 25 (44) |
| More than 50 mm, n (%) | 99 (27) | 29 (18) | 34 (31) | 15 (34) | 21 (37) |
| Size in mm, median (i.q.r.) | 35 (20–54) | 25 (16–44) | 40 (22–55) | 45 (30–64) | 40 (30–72) |
| Location of metastasis (n = 421) | |||||
| Left, n (%) | 253 (60) | 112 (61) | 70 (58) | 28 (58) | 43 (63) |
| Right, n (%) | 152 (36) | 62 (34) | 48 (40) | 20 (42) | 22 (32) |
| Bilateral, n (%) | 16 (4) | 11 (6) | 2 (2) | - | 3 (4) |
| Mode of discovery (n = 405) | |||||
| Synchronous, n (%) | 160 (40) | 106 (57) | 41 (36) | 6 (12) | 7 (12) |
| Metachronous, n (%) | 245 (60) | 80 (43) | 72 (64) | 43 (88) | 50 (88) |
| Extra-adrenal metastases at time of surgery (n = 391) | |||||
| No, n (%) | 282 (72) | 113 (69) | 92 (80) | 35 (73) | 42 (65) |
| Yes, n (%) | 109 (28) | 50 (31) | 23 (20) | 13 (27) | 23 (35) |
| Surgical approach (n = 395) | |||||
| Laparoscopic, n (%) | 237 (60) | 73 (45) | 93 (79) | 31 (65) | 40 (61) |
| Conversion to open, n (%) | 22 (6) | 11 (7) | 8 (7) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) |
| Open, n (%) | 136 (34) | 80 (49) | 16 (14) | 16 (33) | 24 (36) |
| Surgical extent (n = 429) | |||||
| Only adrenalectomized, n (%) | 247 (58) | 66 (34) | 102 (85) | 34 (71) | 45 (65) |
| Extended surgery, n (%) | 182 (42) | 126 (66) | 18 (15) | 14 (29) | 24 (35) |
| Radicality | |||||
| R0 resection, n (%) | 279 (64) | 135 (69) | 79 (65) | 28 (56) | 37 (54) |
| R1 resection, n (%) | 140 (32) | 55 (28) | 36 (30) | 20 (40) | 29 (42) |
| R2 resection, n (%) | 16 (4) | 5 (3) | 6 (5) | 2 (4) | 3 (4) |
| Duration of surgery in min (n = 246) | |||||
| Laparoscopic, median (i.q.r.) | 100 (70–153) | 143 (88–200) | 85 (60–121) | 109 (69–146) | 103 (70–141) |
| Open, median (i.q.r.) | 176 (113–233) | 182 (124–226) | 160 (129–261) | 229 (117–295) | 111 (96–178) |
CCI, Charlson co-morbidity index; i.q.r., interquartile range. For variables, where data could not be found for all 435 patients, the number of patients with available information is specified in brackets (n = x). Details on histopathological subtypes of renal, lung, and colorectal cancer are available in Supplementary Table S1. *Other types of cancers, see Table S1. #Doctor’s delay is defined as the time from discovery of adrenal metastasis until surgery.
Patient and tumour characteristics and surgical management by primary cancer
| . | Total . | Renal cancer . | Lung cancer . | Colorectal cancer . | Other cancer* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 435 | 195 | 121 | 50 | 69 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female, n (%) | 155 (36) | 62 (32) | 58 (48) | 12 (24) | 23 (33) |
| Male, n (%) | 280 (64) | 133 (68) | 63 (52) | 38 (76) | 46 (67) |
| Age at surgery | |||||
| under 60 years, n (%) | 116 (27) | 55 (28) | 31 (26) | 8 (16) | 22 (32) |
| 60–70 years, n (%) | 184 (42) | 76 (39) | 61 (50) | 19 (38) | 28 (41) |
| More than 70 years, n (%) | 135 (31) | 64 (33) | 29 (24) | 23 (46) | 19 (28) |
| Age at surgery in years, mean(s.d.) | 65.0(9.3) | 65.3(9.6) | 64.2(8.0) | 68.5(8.8) | 63.4(10.3) |
| BMI in kg/m2, mean(s.d.) | 26.1(4.8) | 26.8(4.8) | 24.9(4.8) | 26.4(4.4) | 26.5(4.8) |
| CCI, mean(s.d.) | 0.6(1.0) | 0.7(1.2) | 0.6(0.9) | 0.5(1.0) | 0.6(0.9) |
| Doctor’s delay in days, median (i.q.r.)# | 65 (40–124) | 51 (29–83) | 69 (48–117) | 94 (50–155) | 84 (57–166) |
| Tumour size (n = 369) | |||||
| under 25 mm, n (%) | 127 (34) | 75 (47) | 31 (28) | 10 (23) | 11 (19) |
| 25–50 mm, n (%) | 143 (39) | 54 (34) | 45 (41) | 19 (43) | 25 (44) |
| More than 50 mm, n (%) | 99 (27) | 29 (18) | 34 (31) | 15 (34) | 21 (37) |
| Size in mm, median (i.q.r.) | 35 (20–54) | 25 (16–44) | 40 (22–55) | 45 (30–64) | 40 (30–72) |
| Location of metastasis (n = 421) | |||||
| Left, n (%) | 253 (60) | 112 (61) | 70 (58) | 28 (58) | 43 (63) |
| Right, n (%) | 152 (36) | 62 (34) | 48 (40) | 20 (42) | 22 (32) |
| Bilateral, n (%) | 16 (4) | 11 (6) | 2 (2) | - | 3 (4) |
| Mode of discovery (n = 405) | |||||
| Synchronous, n (%) | 160 (40) | 106 (57) | 41 (36) | 6 (12) | 7 (12) |
| Metachronous, n (%) | 245 (60) | 80 (43) | 72 (64) | 43 (88) | 50 (88) |
| Extra-adrenal metastases at time of surgery (n = 391) | |||||
| No, n (%) | 282 (72) | 113 (69) | 92 (80) | 35 (73) | 42 (65) |
| Yes, n (%) | 109 (28) | 50 (31) | 23 (20) | 13 (27) | 23 (35) |
| Surgical approach (n = 395) | |||||
| Laparoscopic, n (%) | 237 (60) | 73 (45) | 93 (79) | 31 (65) | 40 (61) |
| Conversion to open, n (%) | 22 (6) | 11 (7) | 8 (7) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) |
| Open, n (%) | 136 (34) | 80 (49) | 16 (14) | 16 (33) | 24 (36) |
| Surgical extent (n = 429) | |||||
| Only adrenalectomized, n (%) | 247 (58) | 66 (34) | 102 (85) | 34 (71) | 45 (65) |
| Extended surgery, n (%) | 182 (42) | 126 (66) | 18 (15) | 14 (29) | 24 (35) |
| Radicality | |||||
| R0 resection, n (%) | 279 (64) | 135 (69) | 79 (65) | 28 (56) | 37 (54) |
| R1 resection, n (%) | 140 (32) | 55 (28) | 36 (30) | 20 (40) | 29 (42) |
| R2 resection, n (%) | 16 (4) | 5 (3) | 6 (5) | 2 (4) | 3 (4) |
| Duration of surgery in min (n = 246) | |||||
| Laparoscopic, median (i.q.r.) | 100 (70–153) | 143 (88–200) | 85 (60–121) | 109 (69–146) | 103 (70–141) |
| Open, median (i.q.r.) | 176 (113–233) | 182 (124–226) | 160 (129–261) | 229 (117–295) | 111 (96–178) |
| . | Total . | Renal cancer . | Lung cancer . | Colorectal cancer . | Other cancer* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients, n | 435 | 195 | 121 | 50 | 69 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female, n (%) | 155 (36) | 62 (32) | 58 (48) | 12 (24) | 23 (33) |
| Male, n (%) | 280 (64) | 133 (68) | 63 (52) | 38 (76) | 46 (67) |
| Age at surgery | |||||
| under 60 years, n (%) | 116 (27) | 55 (28) | 31 (26) | 8 (16) | 22 (32) |
| 60–70 years, n (%) | 184 (42) | 76 (39) | 61 (50) | 19 (38) | 28 (41) |
| More than 70 years, n (%) | 135 (31) | 64 (33) | 29 (24) | 23 (46) | 19 (28) |
| Age at surgery in years, mean(s.d.) | 65.0(9.3) | 65.3(9.6) | 64.2(8.0) | 68.5(8.8) | 63.4(10.3) |
| BMI in kg/m2, mean(s.d.) | 26.1(4.8) | 26.8(4.8) | 24.9(4.8) | 26.4(4.4) | 26.5(4.8) |
| CCI, mean(s.d.) | 0.6(1.0) | 0.7(1.2) | 0.6(0.9) | 0.5(1.0) | 0.6(0.9) |
| Doctor’s delay in days, median (i.q.r.)# | 65 (40–124) | 51 (29–83) | 69 (48–117) | 94 (50–155) | 84 (57–166) |
| Tumour size (n = 369) | |||||
| under 25 mm, n (%) | 127 (34) | 75 (47) | 31 (28) | 10 (23) | 11 (19) |
| 25–50 mm, n (%) | 143 (39) | 54 (34) | 45 (41) | 19 (43) | 25 (44) |
| More than 50 mm, n (%) | 99 (27) | 29 (18) | 34 (31) | 15 (34) | 21 (37) |
| Size in mm, median (i.q.r.) | 35 (20–54) | 25 (16–44) | 40 (22–55) | 45 (30–64) | 40 (30–72) |
| Location of metastasis (n = 421) | |||||
| Left, n (%) | 253 (60) | 112 (61) | 70 (58) | 28 (58) | 43 (63) |
| Right, n (%) | 152 (36) | 62 (34) | 48 (40) | 20 (42) | 22 (32) |
| Bilateral, n (%) | 16 (4) | 11 (6) | 2 (2) | - | 3 (4) |
| Mode of discovery (n = 405) | |||||
| Synchronous, n (%) | 160 (40) | 106 (57) | 41 (36) | 6 (12) | 7 (12) |
| Metachronous, n (%) | 245 (60) | 80 (43) | 72 (64) | 43 (88) | 50 (88) |
| Extra-adrenal metastases at time of surgery (n = 391) | |||||
| No, n (%) | 282 (72) | 113 (69) | 92 (80) | 35 (73) | 42 (65) |
| Yes, n (%) | 109 (28) | 50 (31) | 23 (20) | 13 (27) | 23 (35) |
| Surgical approach (n = 395) | |||||
| Laparoscopic, n (%) | 237 (60) | 73 (45) | 93 (79) | 31 (65) | 40 (61) |
| Conversion to open, n (%) | 22 (6) | 11 (7) | 8 (7) | 1 (2) | 2 (3) |
| Open, n (%) | 136 (34) | 80 (49) | 16 (14) | 16 (33) | 24 (36) |
| Surgical extent (n = 429) | |||||
| Only adrenalectomized, n (%) | 247 (58) | 66 (34) | 102 (85) | 34 (71) | 45 (65) |
| Extended surgery, n (%) | 182 (42) | 126 (66) | 18 (15) | 14 (29) | 24 (35) |
| Radicality | |||||
| R0 resection, n (%) | 279 (64) | 135 (69) | 79 (65) | 28 (56) | 37 (54) |
| R1 resection, n (%) | 140 (32) | 55 (28) | 36 (30) | 20 (40) | 29 (42) |
| R2 resection, n (%) | 16 (4) | 5 (3) | 6 (5) | 2 (4) | 3 (4) |
| Duration of surgery in min (n = 246) | |||||
| Laparoscopic, median (i.q.r.) | 100 (70–153) | 143 (88–200) | 85 (60–121) | 109 (69–146) | 103 (70–141) |
| Open, median (i.q.r.) | 176 (113–233) | 182 (124–226) | 160 (129–261) | 229 (117–295) | 111 (96–178) |
CCI, Charlson co-morbidity index; i.q.r., interquartile range. For variables, where data could not be found for all 435 patients, the number of patients with available information is specified in brackets (n = x). Details on histopathological subtypes of renal, lung, and colorectal cancer are available in Supplementary Table S1. *Other types of cancers, see Table S1. #Doctor’s delay is defined as the time from discovery of adrenal metastasis until surgery.
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