Table 2 Open in new tab Sub-distribution...

CACS categories	Sub-distribution hazard ratios (95% CI)^a
Overall
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	3.75 (1.82–7.75)	1.19 (0.91–1.55)	1.13 (0.79–1.63)
101–300	16.33 (6.48–41.14)	1.58 (1.01–2.48)	1.36 (0.74–2.47)
>300	18.55 (6.12–56.25)	2.40 (1.53–3.77)	2.46 (1.36–4.46)
P for trend	<0.001	<0.001	0.008
Age <45 years
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	5.67 (2.33–13.78)	0.39 (0.14–1.06)	0.29 (0.04–2.03)
101–300	22.34 (5.72–87.19)	3.44 (1.08–10.89)	—
>300	74.1 (18.98–289.30)	5.49 (0.71–42.28)	—
P for trend	<0.001	0.865	0.174
Age ≥45 years
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	1.51 (0.60–3.84)	1.34 (0.99–1.81)	1.19 (0.80–1.77)
101–300	8.57 (3.05–24.06)	1.47 (0.91–2.35)	1.34 (0.72–2.49)
>300	6.41 (1.98–20.74)	2.30 (1.44–3.68)	2.35 (1.29–4.30)
P for trend	<0.001	0.001	0.012

CACS categories

Sub-distribution hazard ratios (95% CI)^a

CVD mortality

Non-CVD mortality

Cancer mortality

Overall

1.00 (reference)

>0–100

3.75 (1.82–7.75)

1.19 (0.91–1.55)

1.13 (0.79–1.63)

101–300

16.33 (6.48–41.14)

1.58 (1.01–2.48)

1.36 (0.74–2.47)

>300

18.55 (6.12–56.25)

2.40 (1.53–3.77)

2.46 (1.36–4.46)

P for trend

<0.001

0.008

Age <45 years

1.00 (reference)

>0–100

5.67 (2.33–13.78)

0.39 (0.14–1.06)

0.29 (0.04–2.03)

101–300

22.34 (5.72–87.19)

3.44 (1.08–10.89)

—

>300

74.1 (18.98–289.30)

5.49 (0.71–42.28)

—

P for trend

<0.001

0.865

0.174

Age ≥45 years

1.00 (reference)

>0–100

1.51 (0.60–3.84)

1.34 (0.99–1.81)

1.19 (0.80–1.77)

101–300

8.57 (3.05–24.06)

1.47 (0.91–2.35)

1.34 (0.72–2.49)

>300

6.41 (1.98–20.74)

2.30 (1.44–3.68)

2.35 (1.29–4.30)

P for trend

<0.001

0.001

0.012

CACS categories	Sub-distribution hazard ratios (95% CI)^a
Overall
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	3.75 (1.82–7.75)	1.19 (0.91–1.55)	1.13 (0.79–1.63)
101–300	16.33 (6.48–41.14)	1.58 (1.01–2.48)	1.36 (0.74–2.47)
>300	18.55 (6.12–56.25)	2.40 (1.53–3.77)	2.46 (1.36–4.46)
P for trend	<0.001	<0.001	0.008
Age <45 years
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	5.67 (2.33–13.78)	0.39 (0.14–1.06)	0.29 (0.04–2.03)
101–300	22.34 (5.72–87.19)	3.44 (1.08–10.89)	—
>300	74.1 (18.98–289.30)	5.49 (0.71–42.28)	—
P for trend	<0.001	0.865	0.174
Age ≥45 years
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	1.51 (0.60–3.84)	1.34 (0.99–1.81)	1.19 (0.80–1.77)
101–300	8.57 (3.05–24.06)	1.47 (0.91–2.35)	1.34 (0.72–2.49)
>300	6.41 (1.98–20.74)	2.30 (1.44–3.68)	2.35 (1.29–4.30)
P for trend	<0.001	0.001	0.012

Table 2

Open in new tab

Sub-distribution hazard ratios (95% ci) for cardiovascular disease, non-cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality according to coronary artery calcium score category using competing risk analysis

CACS categories	Sub-distribution hazard ratios (95% CI)^a
CACS categories	CVD mortality	Non-CVD mortality	Cancer mortality
Overall
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	3.75 (1.82–7.75)	1.19 (0.91–1.55)	1.13 (0.79–1.63)
101–300	16.33 (6.48–41.14)	1.58 (1.01–2.48)	1.36 (0.74–2.47)
>300	18.55 (6.12–56.25)	2.40 (1.53–3.77)	2.46 (1.36–4.46)
P for trend	<0.001	<0.001	0.008
Age <45 years
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	5.67 (2.33–13.78)	0.39 (0.14–1.06)	0.29 (0.04–2.03)
101–300	22.34 (5.72–87.19)	3.44 (1.08–10.89)	—
>300	74.1 (18.98–289.30)	5.49 (0.71–42.28)	—
P for trend	<0.001	0.865	0.174
Age ≥45 years
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	1.51 (0.60–3.84)	1.34 (0.99–1.81)	1.19 (0.80–1.77)
101–300	8.57 (3.05–24.06)	1.47 (0.91–2.35)	1.34 (0.72–2.49)
>300	6.41 (1.98–20.74)	2.30 (1.44–3.68)	2.35 (1.29–4.30)
P for trend	<0.001	0.001	0.012

CACS categories	Sub-distribution hazard ratios (95% CI)^a
CACS categories	CVD mortality	Non-CVD mortality	Cancer mortality
Overall
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	3.75 (1.82–7.75)	1.19 (0.91–1.55)	1.13 (0.79–1.63)
101–300	16.33 (6.48–41.14)	1.58 (1.01–2.48)	1.36 (0.74–2.47)
>300	18.55 (6.12–56.25)	2.40 (1.53–3.77)	2.46 (1.36–4.46)
P for trend	<0.001	<0.001	0.008
Age <45 years
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	5.67 (2.33–13.78)	0.39 (0.14–1.06)	0.29 (0.04–2.03)
101–300	22.34 (5.72–87.19)	3.44 (1.08–10.89)	—
>300	74.1 (18.98–289.30)	5.49 (0.71–42.28)	—
P for trend	<0.001	0.865	0.174
Age ≥45 years
0	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
>0–100	1.51 (0.60–3.84)	1.34 (0.99–1.81)	1.19 (0.80–1.77)
101–300	8.57 (3.05–24.06)	1.47 (0.91–2.35)	1.34 (0.72–2.49)
>300	6.41 (1.98–20.74)	2.30 (1.44–3.68)	2.35 (1.29–4.30)
P for trend	<0.001	0.001	0.012

CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Fine and Gray proportional hazard model with age as a time scale was used to estimate sub-distribution hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The model was adjusted for age (timescale), sex, centre, year of examination, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index, education level, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, family history of CVD (only for CVD mortality), family history of cancer, HOMA-IR, lipid-lowering medication, systolic blood pressure, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, and glucose.

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