Maternal and child characteristics according to maternal polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), oligomenorrhoea or ‘other menstrual irregularities’ among 15 596 sons and daughters in the DNBC Puberty Cohort, Denmark, 2000–2020.
| . | Reference group . | PCOS . | Oligomenorrhoea . | ‘Other menstrual irregularities’ . | Missing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 800 (80.9) | 251 (1.6) | 134 (0.9) | 2411 (15.2) | ||
| Sex of child | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Sons | 6212 (48.5) | 119 (47.4) | 67 (50.0) | 1194 (49.5) | |
| Daughters | 6588 (51.5) | 132 (52.6) | 67 (50.0) | 1217 (50.5) | |
| Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI | 209 (1.3) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 23.8 (23.7; 23.8) | 26.1 (25.4; 26.8) | 24.2 (23.4; 25.0) | 23.9 (23.7; 24.1) | |
| Socio-economic group of parents | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| High-grade professional | 3048 (23.8) | 50 (19.9) | 26 (19.4) | 527 (21.9) | |
| Low-grade professional | 4199 (32.8) | 79 (31.5) | 45 (33.6) | 803 (33.3) | |
| Skilled worker | 3514 (27.5) | 79 (31.5) | 36 (26.9) | 656 (27.2) | |
| Unskilled worker | 2039 (15.9) | 43 (17.1) | 27 (20.2) | 425 (17.6) | |
| Maternal age at menarche | ∼120 (∼0.8)a | ||||
| Earlier than peers | 3284 (25.7) | 72 (28.7) | 29 (21.6) | 576 (23.9) | |
| Same time as peers | 7371 (57.6) | ∼110 (∼43.8)a | 72 (53.7) | 1294 (53.7) | |
| Later than peers | 2054 (16.1) | 64 (25.5) | 33 (24.6) | 516 (21.4) | |
| Maternal age at delivery in years | 6 (0.0) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 30.8 (30.7; 30.9) | 29.6 (29.1; 30.2) | 29.5 (28.9; 30.2) | 29.9 (29.8; 30.1) | |
| Maternal smoking in first trimester | ∼55 (∼0.4)a | ||||
| No | 9188 (71.8) | ∼195 (∼77.7)a | 94 (70.2) | 1723 (71.5) | |
| 1–10 cigarettes per day | 2831 (22.1) | 48 (19.1) | 33 (24.6) | 541 (22.4) | |
| >10 cigarettes per day | 736 (5.8) | 8 (3.2) | 7 (5.2) | 140 (5.8) | |
| Child BMI at 7 years | 4702 (30.1) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 15.6 (15.6; 15.7) | 15.8 (15.4; 16.1) | 15.9 (15.5; 16.4) | 15.7 (15.6; 15.8) | |
| Maternal diabetes mellitus type 2 or gestational diabetes mellitus | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No | 12 527 (97.9) | 227 (90.4) | 128 (95.5) | 2342 (97.1) | |
| Yes | 273 (2.1) | 24 (9.6) | 6 (4.5) | 69 (2.9) | |
| Maternal hypertensive disorders | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No | 11 818 (92.3) | 214 (85.3) | 121 (90.3) | 2216 (91.9) | |
| Yes | 982 (7.7) | 37 (14.7) | 13 (9.7) | 195 (8.1) | |
| . | Reference group . | PCOS . | Oligomenorrhoea . | ‘Other menstrual irregularities’ . | Missing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 800 (80.9) | 251 (1.6) | 134 (0.9) | 2411 (15.2) | ||
| Sex of child | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Sons | 6212 (48.5) | 119 (47.4) | 67 (50.0) | 1194 (49.5) | |
| Daughters | 6588 (51.5) | 132 (52.6) | 67 (50.0) | 1217 (50.5) | |
| Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI | 209 (1.3) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 23.8 (23.7; 23.8) | 26.1 (25.4; 26.8) | 24.2 (23.4; 25.0) | 23.9 (23.7; 24.1) | |
| Socio-economic group of parents | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| High-grade professional | 3048 (23.8) | 50 (19.9) | 26 (19.4) | 527 (21.9) | |
| Low-grade professional | 4199 (32.8) | 79 (31.5) | 45 (33.6) | 803 (33.3) | |
| Skilled worker | 3514 (27.5) | 79 (31.5) | 36 (26.9) | 656 (27.2) | |
| Unskilled worker | 2039 (15.9) | 43 (17.1) | 27 (20.2) | 425 (17.6) | |
| Maternal age at menarche | ∼120 (∼0.8)a | ||||
| Earlier than peers | 3284 (25.7) | 72 (28.7) | 29 (21.6) | 576 (23.9) | |
| Same time as peers | 7371 (57.6) | ∼110 (∼43.8)a | 72 (53.7) | 1294 (53.7) | |
| Later than peers | 2054 (16.1) | 64 (25.5) | 33 (24.6) | 516 (21.4) | |
| Maternal age at delivery in years | 6 (0.0) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 30.8 (30.7; 30.9) | 29.6 (29.1; 30.2) | 29.5 (28.9; 30.2) | 29.9 (29.8; 30.1) | |
| Maternal smoking in first trimester | ∼55 (∼0.4)a | ||||
| No | 9188 (71.8) | ∼195 (∼77.7)a | 94 (70.2) | 1723 (71.5) | |
| 1–10 cigarettes per day | 2831 (22.1) | 48 (19.1) | 33 (24.6) | 541 (22.4) | |
| >10 cigarettes per day | 736 (5.8) | 8 (3.2) | 7 (5.2) | 140 (5.8) | |
| Child BMI at 7 years | 4702 (30.1) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 15.6 (15.6; 15.7) | 15.8 (15.4; 16.1) | 15.9 (15.5; 16.4) | 15.7 (15.6; 15.8) | |
| Maternal diabetes mellitus type 2 or gestational diabetes mellitus | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No | 12 527 (97.9) | 227 (90.4) | 128 (95.5) | 2342 (97.1) | |
| Yes | 273 (2.1) | 24 (9.6) | 6 (4.5) | 69 (2.9) | |
| Maternal hypertensive disorders | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No | 11 818 (92.3) | 214 (85.3) | 121 (90.3) | 2216 (91.9) | |
| Yes | 982 (7.7) | 37 (14.7) | 13 (9.7) | 195 (8.1) | |
Values are n (%) unless stated otherwise.
Rounded up or down in closest fifth because of missing <5, due to the General Data Protection Regulation and the Danish Data Protection Act.
Maternal and child characteristics according to maternal polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), oligomenorrhoea or ‘other menstrual irregularities’ among 15 596 sons and daughters in the DNBC Puberty Cohort, Denmark, 2000–2020.
| . | Reference group . | PCOS . | Oligomenorrhoea . | ‘Other menstrual irregularities’ . | Missing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 800 (80.9) | 251 (1.6) | 134 (0.9) | 2411 (15.2) | ||
| Sex of child | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Sons | 6212 (48.5) | 119 (47.4) | 67 (50.0) | 1194 (49.5) | |
| Daughters | 6588 (51.5) | 132 (52.6) | 67 (50.0) | 1217 (50.5) | |
| Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI | 209 (1.3) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 23.8 (23.7; 23.8) | 26.1 (25.4; 26.8) | 24.2 (23.4; 25.0) | 23.9 (23.7; 24.1) | |
| Socio-economic group of parents | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| High-grade professional | 3048 (23.8) | 50 (19.9) | 26 (19.4) | 527 (21.9) | |
| Low-grade professional | 4199 (32.8) | 79 (31.5) | 45 (33.6) | 803 (33.3) | |
| Skilled worker | 3514 (27.5) | 79 (31.5) | 36 (26.9) | 656 (27.2) | |
| Unskilled worker | 2039 (15.9) | 43 (17.1) | 27 (20.2) | 425 (17.6) | |
| Maternal age at menarche | ∼120 (∼0.8)a | ||||
| Earlier than peers | 3284 (25.7) | 72 (28.7) | 29 (21.6) | 576 (23.9) | |
| Same time as peers | 7371 (57.6) | ∼110 (∼43.8)a | 72 (53.7) | 1294 (53.7) | |
| Later than peers | 2054 (16.1) | 64 (25.5) | 33 (24.6) | 516 (21.4) | |
| Maternal age at delivery in years | 6 (0.0) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 30.8 (30.7; 30.9) | 29.6 (29.1; 30.2) | 29.5 (28.9; 30.2) | 29.9 (29.8; 30.1) | |
| Maternal smoking in first trimester | ∼55 (∼0.4)a | ||||
| No | 9188 (71.8) | ∼195 (∼77.7)a | 94 (70.2) | 1723 (71.5) | |
| 1–10 cigarettes per day | 2831 (22.1) | 48 (19.1) | 33 (24.6) | 541 (22.4) | |
| >10 cigarettes per day | 736 (5.8) | 8 (3.2) | 7 (5.2) | 140 (5.8) | |
| Child BMI at 7 years | 4702 (30.1) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 15.6 (15.6; 15.7) | 15.8 (15.4; 16.1) | 15.9 (15.5; 16.4) | 15.7 (15.6; 15.8) | |
| Maternal diabetes mellitus type 2 or gestational diabetes mellitus | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No | 12 527 (97.9) | 227 (90.4) | 128 (95.5) | 2342 (97.1) | |
| Yes | 273 (2.1) | 24 (9.6) | 6 (4.5) | 69 (2.9) | |
| Maternal hypertensive disorders | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No | 11 818 (92.3) | 214 (85.3) | 121 (90.3) | 2216 (91.9) | |
| Yes | 982 (7.7) | 37 (14.7) | 13 (9.7) | 195 (8.1) | |
| . | Reference group . | PCOS . | Oligomenorrhoea . | ‘Other menstrual irregularities’ . | Missing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 800 (80.9) | 251 (1.6) | 134 (0.9) | 2411 (15.2) | ||
| Sex of child | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| Sons | 6212 (48.5) | 119 (47.4) | 67 (50.0) | 1194 (49.5) | |
| Daughters | 6588 (51.5) | 132 (52.6) | 67 (50.0) | 1217 (50.5) | |
| Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI | 209 (1.3) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 23.8 (23.7; 23.8) | 26.1 (25.4; 26.8) | 24.2 (23.4; 25.0) | 23.9 (23.7; 24.1) | |
| Socio-economic group of parents | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| High-grade professional | 3048 (23.8) | 50 (19.9) | 26 (19.4) | 527 (21.9) | |
| Low-grade professional | 4199 (32.8) | 79 (31.5) | 45 (33.6) | 803 (33.3) | |
| Skilled worker | 3514 (27.5) | 79 (31.5) | 36 (26.9) | 656 (27.2) | |
| Unskilled worker | 2039 (15.9) | 43 (17.1) | 27 (20.2) | 425 (17.6) | |
| Maternal age at menarche | ∼120 (∼0.8)a | ||||
| Earlier than peers | 3284 (25.7) | 72 (28.7) | 29 (21.6) | 576 (23.9) | |
| Same time as peers | 7371 (57.6) | ∼110 (∼43.8)a | 72 (53.7) | 1294 (53.7) | |
| Later than peers | 2054 (16.1) | 64 (25.5) | 33 (24.6) | 516 (21.4) | |
| Maternal age at delivery in years | 6 (0.0) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 30.8 (30.7; 30.9) | 29.6 (29.1; 30.2) | 29.5 (28.9; 30.2) | 29.9 (29.8; 30.1) | |
| Maternal smoking in first trimester | ∼55 (∼0.4)a | ||||
| No | 9188 (71.8) | ∼195 (∼77.7)a | 94 (70.2) | 1723 (71.5) | |
| 1–10 cigarettes per day | 2831 (22.1) | 48 (19.1) | 33 (24.6) | 541 (22.4) | |
| >10 cigarettes per day | 736 (5.8) | 8 (3.2) | 7 (5.2) | 140 (5.8) | |
| Child BMI at 7 years | 4702 (30.1) | ||||
| Mean (95% CI) | 15.6 (15.6; 15.7) | 15.8 (15.4; 16.1) | 15.9 (15.5; 16.4) | 15.7 (15.6; 15.8) | |
| Maternal diabetes mellitus type 2 or gestational diabetes mellitus | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No | 12 527 (97.9) | 227 (90.4) | 128 (95.5) | 2342 (97.1) | |
| Yes | 273 (2.1) | 24 (9.6) | 6 (4.5) | 69 (2.9) | |
| Maternal hypertensive disorders | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| No | 11 818 (92.3) | 214 (85.3) | 121 (90.3) | 2216 (91.9) | |
| Yes | 982 (7.7) | 37 (14.7) | 13 (9.7) | 195 (8.1) | |
Values are n (%) unless stated otherwise.
Rounded up or down in closest fifth because of missing <5, due to the General Data Protection Regulation and the Danish Data Protection Act.
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