Table 2 Open in new tab Association...

	Change^a in standardized cognitive score per 10 years (95% CI), P-value
Effect per 1 SD increase	−0.02 (−0.04, −0.00) P = 0.03	−0.02 (−0.05 to 0.01) P = 0.10	−0.01 (−0.02 to 0.01) P = 0.24	−0.03 (−0.05 to 0.00) P = 0.06	−0.01 (−0.03 to 0.02) P = 0.56
Quartile 1^b	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Quartile 2	0.01 (−0.04 to 0.06) P = 0.77	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.09	0.05 (0.01 to 0.09) P = 0.02	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.64	0.01 (−0.05 to 0.08) P = 0.75
Quartile 3	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.69	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.10	0.01 (−0.03 to 0.06) P = 0.44	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.54	−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.70
Quartile 4	−0.05 (−0.10, −0.00) P = 0.04	−0.07 (−0.15 to 0.01) P = 0.08	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.03)P = 0.44	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.00) P = 0.05	−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.71
Quartiles 1–3 (lowest 75%)^c	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Quartile 4 (highest 25%)	−0.05 (−0.09, −0.01) P = 0.01	−0.02 (−0.09 to 0.04) P = 0.45	−0.04 (−0.07, −0.00) P = 0.03	−0.09 (−0.14, −0.03) P = 0.004	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.67

Change^a in standardized cognitive score per 10 years (95% CI), P-value

Carotid FCWI

Global cognitive score

Memory

AH4

Phonemic fluency

Semantic fluency

Effect per 1 SD increase

−0.02 (−0.04, −0.00) P = 0.03

−0.02 (−0.05 to 0.01) P = 0.10

−0.01 (−0.02 to 0.01) P = 0.24

−0.03 (−0.05 to 0.00) P = 0.06

−0.01 (−0.03 to 0.02) P = 0.56

Quartile 1^b

0.0 (reference)

Quartile 2

0.01 (−0.04 to 0.06) P = 0.77

−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.09

0.05 (0.01 to 0.09) P = 0.02

0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.64

0.01 (−0.05 to 0.08) P = 0.75

Quartile 3

−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.69

−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.10

0.01 (−0.03 to 0.06) P = 0.44

0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.54

−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.70

Quartile 4

−0.05 (−0.10, −0.00) P = 0.04

−0.07 (−0.15 to 0.01) P = 0.08

−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.03)P = 0.44

−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.00) P = 0.05

−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.71

Quartiles 1–3 (lowest 75%)^c

0.0 (reference)

Quartile 4 (highest 25%)

−0.05 (−0.09, −0.01) P = 0.01

−0.02 (−0.09 to 0.04) P = 0.45

−0.04 (−0.07, −0.00) P = 0.03

−0.09 (−0.14, −0.03) P = 0.004

−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.67

	Change^a in standardized cognitive score per 10 years (95% CI), P-value
Effect per 1 SD increase	−0.02 (−0.04, −0.00) P = 0.03	−0.02 (−0.05 to 0.01) P = 0.10	−0.01 (−0.02 to 0.01) P = 0.24	−0.03 (−0.05 to 0.00) P = 0.06	−0.01 (−0.03 to 0.02) P = 0.56
Quartile 1^b	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Quartile 2	0.01 (−0.04 to 0.06) P = 0.77	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.09	0.05 (0.01 to 0.09) P = 0.02	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.64	0.01 (−0.05 to 0.08) P = 0.75
Quartile 3	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.69	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.10	0.01 (−0.03 to 0.06) P = 0.44	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.54	−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.70
Quartile 4	−0.05 (−0.10, −0.00) P = 0.04	−0.07 (−0.15 to 0.01) P = 0.08	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.03)P = 0.44	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.00) P = 0.05	−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.71
Quartiles 1–3 (lowest 75%)^c	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Quartile 4 (highest 25%)	−0.05 (−0.09, −0.01) P = 0.01	−0.02 (−0.09 to 0.04) P = 0.45	−0.04 (−0.07, −0.00) P = 0.03	−0.09 (−0.14, −0.03) P = 0.004	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.67

Table 2

Open in new tab

Association between carotid forward compression wave intensity and change in standardized scores per 10 years for global cognitive score and individual cognitive domains

	Change^a in standardized cognitive score per 10 years (95% CI), P-value
Carotid FCWI	Global cognitive score	Memory	AH4	Phonemic fluency	Semantic fluency
Effect per 1 SD increase	−0.02 (−0.04, −0.00) P = 0.03	−0.02 (−0.05 to 0.01) P = 0.10	−0.01 (−0.02 to 0.01) P = 0.24	−0.03 (−0.05 to 0.00) P = 0.06	−0.01 (−0.03 to 0.02) P = 0.56
Quartile 1^b	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Quartile 2	0.01 (−0.04 to 0.06) P = 0.77	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.09	0.05 (0.01 to 0.09) P = 0.02	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.64	0.01 (−0.05 to 0.08) P = 0.75
Quartile 3	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.69	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.10	0.01 (−0.03 to 0.06) P = 0.44	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.54	−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.70
Quartile 4	−0.05 (−0.10, −0.00) P = 0.04	−0.07 (−0.15 to 0.01) P = 0.08	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.03)P = 0.44	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.00) P = 0.05	−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.71
Quartiles 1–3 (lowest 75%)^c	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Quartile 4 (highest 25%)	−0.05 (−0.09, −0.01) P = 0.01	−0.02 (−0.09 to 0.04) P = 0.45	−0.04 (−0.07, −0.00) P = 0.03	−0.09 (−0.14, −0.03) P = 0.004	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.67

	Change^a in standardized cognitive score per 10 years (95% CI), P-value
Carotid FCWI	Global cognitive score	Memory	AH4	Phonemic fluency	Semantic fluency
Effect per 1 SD increase	−0.02 (−0.04, −0.00) P = 0.03	−0.02 (−0.05 to 0.01) P = 0.10	−0.01 (−0.02 to 0.01) P = 0.24	−0.03 (−0.05 to 0.00) P = 0.06	−0.01 (−0.03 to 0.02) P = 0.56
Quartile 1^b	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Quartile 2	0.01 (−0.04 to 0.06) P = 0.77	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.09	0.05 (0.01 to 0.09) P = 0.02	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.64	0.01 (−0.05 to 0.08) P = 0.75
Quartile 3	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.69	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.01) P = 0.10	0.01 (−0.03 to 0.06) P = 0.44	0.02 (−0.05 to 0.09) P = 0.54	−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.70
Quartile 4	−0.05 (−0.10, −0.00) P = 0.04	−0.07 (−0.15 to 0.01) P = 0.08	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.03)P = 0.44	−0.07 (−0.14 to 0.00) P = 0.05	−0.01 (−0.08 to 0.05) P = 0.71
Quartiles 1–3 (lowest 75%)^c	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)	0.0 (reference)
Quartile 4 (highest 25%)	−0.05 (−0.09, −0.01) P = 0.01	−0.02 (−0.09 to 0.04) P = 0.45	−0.04 (−0.07, −0.00) P = 0.03	−0.09 (−0.14, −0.03) P = 0.004	−0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) P = 0.67

Changes adjusted for age, age-squared, sex, ethnicity, and education.

Changes in 10-year cognitive score in Quartile 1 are −0.38 for global cognitive score; −0.45 for memory; −0.17 for AH4; −0.24 for phonemic fluency; and −0.27 for semantic fluency.

Changes in 10-year cognitive score in Quartiles 1–3 are −0.38 for global cognitive score; −0.50 for memory; −0.14 for AH4; −0.23 for phonemic fluency; and −0.27 for semantic fluency.

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