Timeframe: from diagnosis of an acute coronary syndrome until effective treatment or referral

Setting: emergency department, outpatient setting, inpatient setting

Including:

assessment by clinical history and physical examination

performance and interpretation of basic diagnostic modalities

interpretation of additional diagnostic modalities

use of specific risk scores

administration of medical therapy

decision when interventional management is needed

monitoring

secondary prevention

Excluding: performing interventional or surgical therapy

• Medical expert

• Communicator

• Leader

• Health advocate

• Describe the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

• Discuss the non-atherosclerotic causes of ACS

• Define the diagnostic criteria of ACS

• Discuss the use of validated ACS risk scores

• Review the role of different diagnostic techniques (including ECG, troponin and other biomarkers, echocardiography, and other imaging techniques) in the management of a patient with ACS

• Describe the universal definition of myocardial injury and infarction

• Describe the properties, effects, indications, contraindications, and secondary effects of analgesics, anti-ischaemic drugs, anticoagulants, fibrinolytics, platelet inhibitors, statins, and other drugs administered in a patient with ACS

• Discuss the role and timing of diagnostic coronary angiography and revascularization in the management of ACS

• Describe early and late complications of ACS and their management

• Consider the impact of co-morbidities

• Take a relevant history and perform an appropriate clinical examination

• Use an ACS score for risk stratification and management of a patient with ACS

• Interpret the ECG and biomarker measurements

• Perform and interpret imaging techniques

• Monitor a patient with ACS

• Manage arrhythmias due to ACS

• Implement anti-thrombotic and anti-ischaemic therapy

• Formulate a management plan for a patient after discharge following an ACS

• Communicate promptly with staff in the ambulance service, emergency department, cardiac care unit, and catheter laboratory

• Involve the Heart Team in complex cases

• Expedite timely decisions on patients with an ACS

• Appreciate the distress that unexpected and serious illness causes both to a patient and their relatives

• Communicate with family and relatives on the risk and expected outcome

• Contribute to improving public awareness of the significance of chest pain and the importance of early presentation

• Direct observation/WBA (e.g. DOPS, Mini-CEX, fieldnotes)

• CbD (case-based discussion)/EbD (entrustment-based discussion)

• 5. Able to teach (no supervision)