Table 2 Open in new tab Risk of dementia...

	Number of events	Event rate	Number of events	Event rate	Absolute rate difference per 1000 person-years (95% CI)	Adjusted hazard ratio^a (95% CI)	P-value
Ablation vs. medical therapy
	Ablation (N = 5863)	Medical therapy (N = 5863)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	164	5.6	308	8.1	−2.5 (−3.8 to −1.2)	0.73 (0.58–0.93)	<0.001
Alzheimer’s disease	120	4.1	189	5.0	−0.9 (−1.9 to 0.1)	0.77 (0.61–0.97)	0.030
Vascular dementia	36	1.2	85	2.2	−1.0 (−1.7 to −0.4)	0.50 (0.33–0.74)	<0.001
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	134	4.7	217	5.9	−1.3 (−2.4 to −0.1)	0.76 (0.61–0.95)	0.015
Alzheimer’s disease	106	3.7	140	3.8	−0.1 (−1.1 to 0.8)	0.91 (0.71–1.18)	0.490
Vascular dementia	22	0.8	51	1.4	−0.6 (−1.1 to −0.1)	0.60 (0.36–0.98)	0.041
Ablation vs. AAD
	Ablation (N = 3612)	AAD (N = 3612)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	101	5.7	183	7.9	−2.1 (−3.8 to −0.5)	0.74 (0.57–0.94)	0.015
Alzheimer’s disease	77	4.4	118	5.1	−0.7 (−2.1 to 0.7)	0.89 (0.66–1.19)	0.420
Vascular dementia	20	1.1	49	2.1	−1.0 (−1.8 to −0.2)	0.57 (0.34–0.95)	0.031
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	83	4.9	133	6.0	−1.1 (−2.6 to 0.4)	0.82 (0.62–1.08)	0.160
Alzheimer’s disease	67	3.9	94	4.2	−0.3 (−1.6 to 1.0)	0.96 (0.69–1.32)	0.790
Vascular dementia	13	0.8	28	1.3	−0.5 (−1.1 to 0.2)	0.54 (0.28–1.04)	0.067
Ablation vs. rate control only
	Ablation (N = 1273)	Rate control only (N = 1273)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	41	6.2	102	12.1	−5.9 (−9.1 to −2.8)	0.57 (0.40–0.83)	0.003
Alzheimer’s disease	33	5.0	64	7.6	−2.6 (−5.2 to 0.0)	0.75 (0.49–1.14)	0.170
Vascular dementia	6	0.9	25	3.0	−2.1 (−3.5 to −0.6)	0.33 (0.13–0.83)	0.018
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	33	5.1	67	8.5	−3.4 (−6.1 to −0.6)	0.68 (0.45–1.03)	0.072
Alzheimer’s disease	29	4.5	45	5.7	−1.2 (−3.6 to 0.1)	0.89 (0.56–1.41)	0.610
Vascular dementia	3	0.5	13	1.6	−1.2 (−2.3 to −0.1)	0.33 (0.09–1.20)	0.092

Number of events

Event rate

Number of events

Event rate

Absolute rate difference per 1000 person-years (95% CI)

Adjusted hazard ratio^a (95% CI)

P-value

Ablation vs. medical therapy

Ablation (N = 5863)

Medical therapy (N = 5863)

Including stroke

Overall dementia

164

5.6

308

8.1

−2.5 (−3.8 to −1.2)

0.73 (0.58–0.93)

<0.001

Alzheimer’s disease

120

4.1

189

5.0

−0.9 (−1.9 to 0.1)

0.77 (0.61–0.97)

0.030

Vascular dementia

1.2

2.2

−1.0 (−1.7 to −0.4)

0.50 (0.33–0.74)

<0.001

Censoring for stroke

Overall dementia

134

4.7

217

5.9

−1.3 (−2.4 to −0.1)

0.76 (0.61–0.95)

0.015

Alzheimer’s disease

106

3.7

140

3.8

−0.1 (−1.1 to 0.8)

0.91 (0.71–1.18)

0.490

Vascular dementia

0.8

1.4

−0.6 (−1.1 to −0.1)

0.60 (0.36–0.98)

0.041

Ablation vs. AAD

Ablation (N = 3612)

AAD (N = 3612)

Including stroke

Overall dementia

101

5.7

183

7.9

−2.1 (−3.8 to −0.5)

0.74 (0.57–0.94)

0.015

Alzheimer’s disease

4.4

118

5.1

−0.7 (−2.1 to 0.7)

0.89 (0.66–1.19)

0.420

Vascular dementia

1.1

2.1

−1.0 (−1.8 to −0.2)

0.57 (0.34–0.95)

0.031

Censoring for stroke

Overall dementia

4.9

133

6.0

−1.1 (−2.6 to 0.4)

0.82 (0.62–1.08)

0.160

Alzheimer’s disease

3.9

4.2

−0.3 (−1.6 to 1.0)

0.96 (0.69–1.32)

0.790

Vascular dementia

0.8

1.3

−0.5 (−1.1 to 0.2)

0.54 (0.28–1.04)

0.067

Ablation vs. rate control only

Ablation (N = 1273)

Rate control only (N = 1273)

Including stroke

Overall dementia

6.2

102

12.1

−5.9 (−9.1 to −2.8)

0.57 (0.40–0.83)

0.003

Alzheimer’s disease

5.0

7.6

−2.6 (−5.2 to 0.0)

0.75 (0.49–1.14)

0.170

Vascular dementia

0.9

3.0

−2.1 (−3.5 to −0.6)

0.33 (0.13–0.83)

0.018

Censoring for stroke

Overall dementia

5.1

8.5

−3.4 (−6.1 to −0.6)

0.68 (0.45–1.03)

0.072

Alzheimer’s disease

4.5

5.7

−1.2 (−3.6 to 0.1)

0.89 (0.56–1.41)

0.610

Vascular dementia

0.5

1.6

−1.2 (−2.3 to −0.1)

0.33 (0.09–1.20)

0.092

	Number of events	Event rate	Number of events	Event rate	Absolute rate difference per 1000 person-years (95% CI)	Adjusted hazard ratio^a (95% CI)	P-value
Ablation vs. medical therapy
	Ablation (N = 5863)	Medical therapy (N = 5863)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	164	5.6	308	8.1	−2.5 (−3.8 to −1.2)	0.73 (0.58–0.93)	<0.001
Alzheimer’s disease	120	4.1	189	5.0	−0.9 (−1.9 to 0.1)	0.77 (0.61–0.97)	0.030
Vascular dementia	36	1.2	85	2.2	−1.0 (−1.7 to −0.4)	0.50 (0.33–0.74)	<0.001
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	134	4.7	217	5.9	−1.3 (−2.4 to −0.1)	0.76 (0.61–0.95)	0.015
Alzheimer’s disease	106	3.7	140	3.8	−0.1 (−1.1 to 0.8)	0.91 (0.71–1.18)	0.490
Vascular dementia	22	0.8	51	1.4	−0.6 (−1.1 to −0.1)	0.60 (0.36–0.98)	0.041
Ablation vs. AAD
	Ablation (N = 3612)	AAD (N = 3612)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	101	5.7	183	7.9	−2.1 (−3.8 to −0.5)	0.74 (0.57–0.94)	0.015
Alzheimer’s disease	77	4.4	118	5.1	−0.7 (−2.1 to 0.7)	0.89 (0.66–1.19)	0.420
Vascular dementia	20	1.1	49	2.1	−1.0 (−1.8 to −0.2)	0.57 (0.34–0.95)	0.031
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	83	4.9	133	6.0	−1.1 (−2.6 to 0.4)	0.82 (0.62–1.08)	0.160
Alzheimer’s disease	67	3.9	94	4.2	−0.3 (−1.6 to 1.0)	0.96 (0.69–1.32)	0.790
Vascular dementia	13	0.8	28	1.3	−0.5 (−1.1 to 0.2)	0.54 (0.28–1.04)	0.067
Ablation vs. rate control only
	Ablation (N = 1273)	Rate control only (N = 1273)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	41	6.2	102	12.1	−5.9 (−9.1 to −2.8)	0.57 (0.40–0.83)	0.003
Alzheimer’s disease	33	5.0	64	7.6	−2.6 (−5.2 to 0.0)	0.75 (0.49–1.14)	0.170
Vascular dementia	6	0.9	25	3.0	−2.1 (−3.5 to −0.6)	0.33 (0.13–0.83)	0.018
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	33	5.1	67	8.5	−3.4 (−6.1 to −0.6)	0.68 (0.45–1.03)	0.072
Alzheimer’s disease	29	4.5	45	5.7	−1.2 (−3.6 to 0.1)	0.89 (0.56–1.41)	0.610
Vascular dementia	3	0.5	13	1.6	−1.2 (−2.3 to −0.1)	0.33 (0.09–1.20)	0.092

Table 2

Open in new tab

Risk of dementia in propensity score-matched patients undergoing ablation or medical therapy

	Number of events	Event rate	Number of events	Event rate	Absolute rate difference per 1000 person-years (95% CI)	Adjusted hazard ratio^a (95% CI)	P-value
Ablation vs. medical therapy
	Ablation (N = 5863)		Medical therapy (N = 5863)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	164	5.6	308	8.1	−2.5 (−3.8 to −1.2)	0.73 (0.58–0.93)	<0.001
Alzheimer’s disease	120	4.1	189	5.0	−0.9 (−1.9 to 0.1)	0.77 (0.61–0.97)	0.030
Vascular dementia	36	1.2	85	2.2	−1.0 (−1.7 to −0.4)	0.50 (0.33–0.74)	<0.001
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	134	4.7	217	5.9	−1.3 (−2.4 to −0.1)	0.76 (0.61–0.95)	0.015
Alzheimer’s disease	106	3.7	140	3.8	−0.1 (−1.1 to 0.8)	0.91 (0.71–1.18)	0.490
Vascular dementia	22	0.8	51	1.4	−0.6 (−1.1 to −0.1)	0.60 (0.36–0.98)	0.041
Ablation vs. AAD
	Ablation (N = 3612)		AAD (N = 3612)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	101	5.7	183	7.9	−2.1 (−3.8 to −0.5)	0.74 (0.57–0.94)	0.015
Alzheimer’s disease	77	4.4	118	5.1	−0.7 (−2.1 to 0.7)	0.89 (0.66–1.19)	0.420
Vascular dementia	20	1.1	49	2.1	−1.0 (−1.8 to −0.2)	0.57 (0.34–0.95)	0.031
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	83	4.9	133	6.0	−1.1 (−2.6 to 0.4)	0.82 (0.62–1.08)	0.160
Alzheimer’s disease	67	3.9	94	4.2	−0.3 (−1.6 to 1.0)	0.96 (0.69–1.32)	0.790
Vascular dementia	13	0.8	28	1.3	−0.5 (−1.1 to 0.2)	0.54 (0.28–1.04)	0.067
Ablation vs. rate control only
	Ablation (N = 1273)		Rate control only (N = 1273)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	41	6.2	102	12.1	−5.9 (−9.1 to −2.8)	0.57 (0.40–0.83)	0.003
Alzheimer’s disease	33	5.0	64	7.6	−2.6 (−5.2 to 0.0)	0.75 (0.49–1.14)	0.170
Vascular dementia	6	0.9	25	3.0	−2.1 (−3.5 to −0.6)	0.33 (0.13–0.83)	0.018
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	33	5.1	67	8.5	−3.4 (−6.1 to −0.6)	0.68 (0.45–1.03)	0.072
Alzheimer’s disease	29	4.5	45	5.7	−1.2 (−3.6 to 0.1)	0.89 (0.56–1.41)	0.610
Vascular dementia	3	0.5	13	1.6	−1.2 (−2.3 to −0.1)	0.33 (0.09–1.20)	0.092

	Number of events	Event rate	Number of events	Event rate	Absolute rate difference per 1000 person-years (95% CI)	Adjusted hazard ratio^a (95% CI)	P-value
Ablation vs. medical therapy
	Ablation (N = 5863)		Medical therapy (N = 5863)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	164	5.6	308	8.1	−2.5 (−3.8 to −1.2)	0.73 (0.58–0.93)	<0.001
Alzheimer’s disease	120	4.1	189	5.0	−0.9 (−1.9 to 0.1)	0.77 (0.61–0.97)	0.030
Vascular dementia	36	1.2	85	2.2	−1.0 (−1.7 to −0.4)	0.50 (0.33–0.74)	<0.001
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	134	4.7	217	5.9	−1.3 (−2.4 to −0.1)	0.76 (0.61–0.95)	0.015
Alzheimer’s disease	106	3.7	140	3.8	−0.1 (−1.1 to 0.8)	0.91 (0.71–1.18)	0.490
Vascular dementia	22	0.8	51	1.4	−0.6 (−1.1 to −0.1)	0.60 (0.36–0.98)	0.041
Ablation vs. AAD
	Ablation (N = 3612)		AAD (N = 3612)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	101	5.7	183	7.9	−2.1 (−3.8 to −0.5)	0.74 (0.57–0.94)	0.015
Alzheimer’s disease	77	4.4	118	5.1	−0.7 (−2.1 to 0.7)	0.89 (0.66–1.19)	0.420
Vascular dementia	20	1.1	49	2.1	−1.0 (−1.8 to −0.2)	0.57 (0.34–0.95)	0.031
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	83	4.9	133	6.0	−1.1 (−2.6 to 0.4)	0.82 (0.62–1.08)	0.160
Alzheimer’s disease	67	3.9	94	4.2	−0.3 (−1.6 to 1.0)	0.96 (0.69–1.32)	0.790
Vascular dementia	13	0.8	28	1.3	−0.5 (−1.1 to 0.2)	0.54 (0.28–1.04)	0.067
Ablation vs. rate control only
	Ablation (N = 1273)		Rate control only (N = 1273)
Including stroke
Overall dementia	41	6.2	102	12.1	−5.9 (−9.1 to −2.8)	0.57 (0.40–0.83)	0.003
Alzheimer’s disease	33	5.0	64	7.6	−2.6 (−5.2 to 0.0)	0.75 (0.49–1.14)	0.170
Vascular dementia	6	0.9	25	3.0	−2.1 (−3.5 to −0.6)	0.33 (0.13–0.83)	0.018
Censoring for stroke
Overall dementia	33	5.1	67	8.5	−3.4 (−6.1 to −0.6)	0.68 (0.45–1.03)	0.072
Alzheimer’s disease	29	4.5	45	5.7	−1.2 (−3.6 to 0.1)	0.89 (0.56–1.41)	0.610
Vascular dementia	3	0.5	13	1.6	−1.2 (−2.3 to −0.1)	0.33 (0.09–1.20)	0.092

Event rates are per 1000 person-years.

Adjusted for clinical variables (listed in Table 1) and competing risk of all-cause deaths.

AAD, antiarrhythmic drug; CI, confidence interval.

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