| . | Group . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables . | GraphoGame-Flemish (n = 31)a . | Active control (n = 25)a . | Typical control (n = 27)a . | P-valueb . |
| Sex (female) | 16/15 | 11/14 | 15/12 | 0.700 |
| Familial risk (n) | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0.035 |
| Nonverbal intelligence | 102 (78–133) | 96 (79–126) | 101 (78–133) | 0.394 |
| Handednessc | 0.857 | |||
| Left/right/ambidextrous | 2/28/1 | 2/21/2 | 2/22/3 | |
| Age at pretest scan (months) | 64 (60–71) | 66 (60–72) | 66 (62–73) | 0.075 |
| Age at post-test scan (months) | 69 (65–76) | 70 (65–76) | 70 (65–77) | 0.734 |
| Socioeconomic statusc | 0.112 | |||
| Low/middle/high/unknown | 7/12/12/0 | 7/13/4/1 | 3/10/14/0 | |
| . | Group . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables . | GraphoGame-Flemish (n = 31)a . | Active control (n = 25)a . | Typical control (n = 27)a . | P-valueb . |
| Sex (female) | 16/15 | 11/14 | 15/12 | 0.700 |
| Familial risk (n) | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0.035 |
| Nonverbal intelligence | 102 (78–133) | 96 (79–126) | 101 (78–133) | 0.394 |
| Handednessc | 0.857 | |||
| Left/right/ambidextrous | 2/28/1 | 2/21/2 | 2/22/3 | |
| Age at pretest scan (months) | 64 (60–71) | 66 (60–72) | 66 (62–73) | 0.075 |
| Age at post-test scan (months) | 69 (65–76) | 70 (65–76) | 70 (65–77) | 0.734 |
| Socioeconomic statusc | 0.112 | |||
| Low/middle/high/unknown | 7/12/12/0 | 7/13/4/1 | 3/10/14/0 | |
aMedian (range) or occurrence (n).
bGroup differences were assessed using a Kruskal–Wallis test for age and nonverbal intelligence, a Pearson’s Chi-squared test for sex, handedness and maternal education, and a Fisher’s exact test for familial risk.
cAssessment based on maternal educational level (low = no extra degree after secondary school; middle = professional bachelor/academic bachelor; high = Master or PhD).
dBased on a subset of questions adapted from the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (Oldfield, 1971).
| . | Group . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables . | GraphoGame-Flemish (n = 31)a . | Active control (n = 25)a . | Typical control (n = 27)a . | P-valueb . |
| Sex (female) | 16/15 | 11/14 | 15/12 | 0.700 |
| Familial risk (n) | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0.035 |
| Nonverbal intelligence | 102 (78–133) | 96 (79–126) | 101 (78–133) | 0.394 |
| Handednessc | 0.857 | |||
| Left/right/ambidextrous | 2/28/1 | 2/21/2 | 2/22/3 | |
| Age at pretest scan (months) | 64 (60–71) | 66 (60–72) | 66 (62–73) | 0.075 |
| Age at post-test scan (months) | 69 (65–76) | 70 (65–76) | 70 (65–77) | 0.734 |
| Socioeconomic statusc | 0.112 | |||
| Low/middle/high/unknown | 7/12/12/0 | 7/13/4/1 | 3/10/14/0 | |
| . | Group . | . | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables . | GraphoGame-Flemish (n = 31)a . | Active control (n = 25)a . | Typical control (n = 27)a . | P-valueb . |
| Sex (female) | 16/15 | 11/14 | 15/12 | 0.700 |
| Familial risk (n) | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0.035 |
| Nonverbal intelligence | 102 (78–133) | 96 (79–126) | 101 (78–133) | 0.394 |
| Handednessc | 0.857 | |||
| Left/right/ambidextrous | 2/28/1 | 2/21/2 | 2/22/3 | |
| Age at pretest scan (months) | 64 (60–71) | 66 (60–72) | 66 (62–73) | 0.075 |
| Age at post-test scan (months) | 69 (65–76) | 70 (65–76) | 70 (65–77) | 0.734 |
| Socioeconomic statusc | 0.112 | |||
| Low/middle/high/unknown | 7/12/12/0 | 7/13/4/1 | 3/10/14/0 | |
aMedian (range) or occurrence (n).
bGroup differences were assessed using a Kruskal–Wallis test for age and nonverbal intelligence, a Pearson’s Chi-squared test for sex, handedness and maternal education, and a Fisher’s exact test for familial risk.
cAssessment based on maternal educational level (low = no extra degree after secondary school; middle = professional bachelor/academic bachelor; high = Master or PhD).
dBased on a subset of questions adapted from the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (Oldfield, 1971).
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