Species . | Concentration (ppm) . | Mortality (%) . | P-value . | Mean weight (mg) . | P-value . | Mean days to adult emergence . | P-value . |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diabrotica undecimpunctata | 0 | 16.7 | – | 0.616 | – | ||
100 | 56.7 | 0.0014 | 0.123 | <0.001 | |||
200 | 86.7 | <0.0001 | 0.08 | <0.001 | |||
400 | 89.3 | <0.0001 | 0.07 | 0.003 | |||
800 | 100 | <0.0001 | – | – | |||
Leptinotarsa decemlineata | 0 | 10.0 | – | 18.2 | – | ||
100 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 18.7 | 0.5683 | |||
200 | 3.4 | 0.9398 | 17.0 | 0.3396 | |||
400 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 16.4 | 0.2699 | |||
800 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 18.7 | 0.5653 | |||
Tenebrio molitor | 0 | 0.0 | – | 0.897 | – | ||
100 | 10.0 | 0.1186 | 0.911 | 0.5882 | |||
200 | 10.0 | 0.1186 | 0.956 | 0.8179 | |||
400 | 16.7 | 0.0261 | 0.948 | 0.7809 | |||
800 | 3.3 | 0.5000 | 0.931 | 0.7054 | |||
Zophobas morio | 0 | 4.17 | – | 1.27 | – | ||
100 | 12.5 | 0.3043 | 1.27 | 0.5181 | |||
200 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.29 | 0.5622 | |||
400 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.38 | 0.8056 | |||
800 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.30 | 0.6016 | |||
Tribolium castaneum | 0 | 0.0 | – | 0.425 | – | ||
100 | 11.5 | 0.1048 | 0.443 | 0.6070 | |||
200 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 0.476 | 0.7860 | |||
400 | 6.90 | 0.2544 | 0.407 | 0.3937 | |||
800 | 6.90 | 0.2544 | 0.333 | 0.0808 | |||
Epilachna varivestis | 0 | 0.00 | – | 1.34 | – | ||
1 | 3.33 | 0.5000 | 1.09 | 0.038 | |||
5 | 0.00 | 1.0000 | 0.717 | <0.001 | |||
10 | 6.67 | 0.2458 | 0.564 | <0.001 | |||
50 | 66.7 | <0.0001 | 0.340 | <0.001 | |||
100 | 93.3 | <0.0001 | 0.200 | 0.010 | |||
Hippodamia convergens | 0 | 6.67 | –– | 16.5 | – | 15.0 | – |
100 | 16.7 | 0.2119 | 18.2 | 0.9559 | 14.2 | 0.9381 | |
200 | 6.90 | 0.6811 | 17.6 | 0.8711 | 14.1 | 0.9512 | |
400 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 17.7 | 0.8797 | 14.4 | 0.7697 | |
800 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 16.0 | 0.2874 | 14.7 | 0.5072 | |
Coleomegilla maculata | 0 | 3.85 | –– | 14.8 | – | 13.6 | – |
100 | 17.9 | 0.1135 | 14.4 | 0.2628 | 13.9 | 0.0942 | |
200 | 6.90 | 0.5416 | 14.4 | 0.2729 | 14.0 | 0.0308 | |
400 | 3.70 | 0.7641 | 15.0 | 0.5851 | 13.7 | 0.1665 | |
800 | 10.3 | 0.3482 | 14.4 | 0.2620 | 14.2 | 0.0111 | |
Dalotia coriaria | 0 | 16.7 | – | ||||
100 | 13.3 | 0.7642 | |||||
200 | 16.7 | 0.6347 | |||||
400 | 13.8 | 0.7469 | |||||
800 | 6.67 | 0.9486 | |||||
Ostrinia nubilalis | 0 | 10.0 | – | 7.0 | – | ||
100 | 10.0 | 0.6646 | 8.3 | 0.9791 | |||
200 | 0.0 | 1.000 | 7.7 | 0.8964 | |||
400 | 10.3 | 0.6482 | 8.9 | 0.9989 | |||
800 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 7.2 | 0.6294 | |||
Helicoverpa zea | 0 | 0.0 | – | 77.7 | – | ||
100 | 3.3 | 0.5000 | 93.7 | 0.9527 | |||
200 | 3.6 | 0.4828 | 85.3 | 0.7815 | |||
400 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 98.1 | 0.9836 | |||
800 | 6.7 | 0.2458 | 82.2 | 0.6794 | |||
Vanessa cardui | 0 | 13.3 | – | 24.2 | – | ||
100 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 23.5 | 0.3922 | |||
200 | 3.3 | 0.9739 | 28.3 | 0.9280 | |||
400 | 10.0 | 0.7881 | 23.8 | 0.4368 | |||
800 | 10.0 | 0.7881 | 27.9 | 0.9001 | |||
Cydia pomonella | 0 | 6.7 | – | 4.89 | – | ||
100 | 6.7 | 0.6940 | 4.48 | 0.219 | |||
200 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 5.04 | 0.613 | |||
400 | 3.3 | 0.8814 | 5.49 | 0.877 | |||
800 | 3.3 | 0.8814 | 4.44 | 0.194 |
Species . | Concentration (ppm) . | Mortality (%) . | P-value . | Mean weight (mg) . | P-value . | Mean days to adult emergence . | P-value . |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diabrotica undecimpunctata | 0 | 16.7 | – | 0.616 | – | ||
100 | 56.7 | 0.0014 | 0.123 | <0.001 | |||
200 | 86.7 | <0.0001 | 0.08 | <0.001 | |||
400 | 89.3 | <0.0001 | 0.07 | 0.003 | |||
800 | 100 | <0.0001 | – | – | |||
Leptinotarsa decemlineata | 0 | 10.0 | – | 18.2 | – | ||
100 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 18.7 | 0.5683 | |||
200 | 3.4 | 0.9398 | 17.0 | 0.3396 | |||
400 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 16.4 | 0.2699 | |||
800 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 18.7 | 0.5653 | |||
Tenebrio molitor | 0 | 0.0 | – | 0.897 | – | ||
100 | 10.0 | 0.1186 | 0.911 | 0.5882 | |||
200 | 10.0 | 0.1186 | 0.956 | 0.8179 | |||
400 | 16.7 | 0.0261 | 0.948 | 0.7809 | |||
800 | 3.3 | 0.5000 | 0.931 | 0.7054 | |||
Zophobas morio | 0 | 4.17 | – | 1.27 | – | ||
100 | 12.5 | 0.3043 | 1.27 | 0.5181 | |||
200 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.29 | 0.5622 | |||
400 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.38 | 0.8056 | |||
800 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.30 | 0.6016 | |||
Tribolium castaneum | 0 | 0.0 | – | 0.425 | – | ||
100 | 11.5 | 0.1048 | 0.443 | 0.6070 | |||
200 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 0.476 | 0.7860 | |||
400 | 6.90 | 0.2544 | 0.407 | 0.3937 | |||
800 | 6.90 | 0.2544 | 0.333 | 0.0808 | |||
Epilachna varivestis | 0 | 0.00 | – | 1.34 | – | ||
1 | 3.33 | 0.5000 | 1.09 | 0.038 | |||
5 | 0.00 | 1.0000 | 0.717 | <0.001 | |||
10 | 6.67 | 0.2458 | 0.564 | <0.001 | |||
50 | 66.7 | <0.0001 | 0.340 | <0.001 | |||
100 | 93.3 | <0.0001 | 0.200 | 0.010 | |||
Hippodamia convergens | 0 | 6.67 | –– | 16.5 | – | 15.0 | – |
100 | 16.7 | 0.2119 | 18.2 | 0.9559 | 14.2 | 0.9381 | |
200 | 6.90 | 0.6811 | 17.6 | 0.8711 | 14.1 | 0.9512 | |
400 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 17.7 | 0.8797 | 14.4 | 0.7697 | |
800 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 16.0 | 0.2874 | 14.7 | 0.5072 | |
Coleomegilla maculata | 0 | 3.85 | –– | 14.8 | – | 13.6 | – |
100 | 17.9 | 0.1135 | 14.4 | 0.2628 | 13.9 | 0.0942 | |
200 | 6.90 | 0.5416 | 14.4 | 0.2729 | 14.0 | 0.0308 | |
400 | 3.70 | 0.7641 | 15.0 | 0.5851 | 13.7 | 0.1665 | |
800 | 10.3 | 0.3482 | 14.4 | 0.2620 | 14.2 | 0.0111 | |
Dalotia coriaria | 0 | 16.7 | – | ||||
100 | 13.3 | 0.7642 | |||||
200 | 16.7 | 0.6347 | |||||
400 | 13.8 | 0.7469 | |||||
800 | 6.67 | 0.9486 | |||||
Ostrinia nubilalis | 0 | 10.0 | – | 7.0 | – | ||
100 | 10.0 | 0.6646 | 8.3 | 0.9791 | |||
200 | 0.0 | 1.000 | 7.7 | 0.8964 | |||
400 | 10.3 | 0.6482 | 8.9 | 0.9989 | |||
800 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 7.2 | 0.6294 | |||
Helicoverpa zea | 0 | 0.0 | – | 77.7 | – | ||
100 | 3.3 | 0.5000 | 93.7 | 0.9527 | |||
200 | 3.6 | 0.4828 | 85.3 | 0.7815 | |||
400 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 98.1 | 0.9836 | |||
800 | 6.7 | 0.2458 | 82.2 | 0.6794 | |||
Vanessa cardui | 0 | 13.3 | – | 24.2 | – | ||
100 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 23.5 | 0.3922 | |||
200 | 3.3 | 0.9739 | 28.3 | 0.9280 | |||
400 | 10.0 | 0.7881 | 23.8 | 0.4368 | |||
800 | 10.0 | 0.7881 | 27.9 | 0.9001 | |||
Cydia pomonella | 0 | 6.7 | – | 4.89 | – | ||
100 | 6.7 | 0.6940 | 4.48 | 0.219 | |||
200 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 5.04 | 0.613 | |||
400 | 3.3 | 0.8814 | 5.49 | 0.877 | |||
800 | 3.3 | 0.8814 | 4.44 | 0.194 |
No observed effect concentration (NOEC) for survival endpoint is noted in bold text.
Species . | Concentration (ppm) . | Mortality (%) . | P-value . | Mean weight (mg) . | P-value . | Mean days to adult emergence . | P-value . |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diabrotica undecimpunctata | 0 | 16.7 | – | 0.616 | – | ||
100 | 56.7 | 0.0014 | 0.123 | <0.001 | |||
200 | 86.7 | <0.0001 | 0.08 | <0.001 | |||
400 | 89.3 | <0.0001 | 0.07 | 0.003 | |||
800 | 100 | <0.0001 | – | – | |||
Leptinotarsa decemlineata | 0 | 10.0 | – | 18.2 | – | ||
100 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 18.7 | 0.5683 | |||
200 | 3.4 | 0.9398 | 17.0 | 0.3396 | |||
400 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 16.4 | 0.2699 | |||
800 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 18.7 | 0.5653 | |||
Tenebrio molitor | 0 | 0.0 | – | 0.897 | – | ||
100 | 10.0 | 0.1186 | 0.911 | 0.5882 | |||
200 | 10.0 | 0.1186 | 0.956 | 0.8179 | |||
400 | 16.7 | 0.0261 | 0.948 | 0.7809 | |||
800 | 3.3 | 0.5000 | 0.931 | 0.7054 | |||
Zophobas morio | 0 | 4.17 | – | 1.27 | – | ||
100 | 12.5 | 0.3043 | 1.27 | 0.5181 | |||
200 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.29 | 0.5622 | |||
400 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.38 | 0.8056 | |||
800 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.30 | 0.6016 | |||
Tribolium castaneum | 0 | 0.0 | – | 0.425 | – | ||
100 | 11.5 | 0.1048 | 0.443 | 0.6070 | |||
200 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 0.476 | 0.7860 | |||
400 | 6.90 | 0.2544 | 0.407 | 0.3937 | |||
800 | 6.90 | 0.2544 | 0.333 | 0.0808 | |||
Epilachna varivestis | 0 | 0.00 | – | 1.34 | – | ||
1 | 3.33 | 0.5000 | 1.09 | 0.038 | |||
5 | 0.00 | 1.0000 | 0.717 | <0.001 | |||
10 | 6.67 | 0.2458 | 0.564 | <0.001 | |||
50 | 66.7 | <0.0001 | 0.340 | <0.001 | |||
100 | 93.3 | <0.0001 | 0.200 | 0.010 | |||
Hippodamia convergens | 0 | 6.67 | –– | 16.5 | – | 15.0 | – |
100 | 16.7 | 0.2119 | 18.2 | 0.9559 | 14.2 | 0.9381 | |
200 | 6.90 | 0.6811 | 17.6 | 0.8711 | 14.1 | 0.9512 | |
400 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 17.7 | 0.8797 | 14.4 | 0.7697 | |
800 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 16.0 | 0.2874 | 14.7 | 0.5072 | |
Coleomegilla maculata | 0 | 3.85 | –– | 14.8 | – | 13.6 | – |
100 | 17.9 | 0.1135 | 14.4 | 0.2628 | 13.9 | 0.0942 | |
200 | 6.90 | 0.5416 | 14.4 | 0.2729 | 14.0 | 0.0308 | |
400 | 3.70 | 0.7641 | 15.0 | 0.5851 | 13.7 | 0.1665 | |
800 | 10.3 | 0.3482 | 14.4 | 0.2620 | 14.2 | 0.0111 | |
Dalotia coriaria | 0 | 16.7 | – | ||||
100 | 13.3 | 0.7642 | |||||
200 | 16.7 | 0.6347 | |||||
400 | 13.8 | 0.7469 | |||||
800 | 6.67 | 0.9486 | |||||
Ostrinia nubilalis | 0 | 10.0 | – | 7.0 | – | ||
100 | 10.0 | 0.6646 | 8.3 | 0.9791 | |||
200 | 0.0 | 1.000 | 7.7 | 0.8964 | |||
400 | 10.3 | 0.6482 | 8.9 | 0.9989 | |||
800 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 7.2 | 0.6294 | |||
Helicoverpa zea | 0 | 0.0 | – | 77.7 | – | ||
100 | 3.3 | 0.5000 | 93.7 | 0.9527 | |||
200 | 3.6 | 0.4828 | 85.3 | 0.7815 | |||
400 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 98.1 | 0.9836 | |||
800 | 6.7 | 0.2458 | 82.2 | 0.6794 | |||
Vanessa cardui | 0 | 13.3 | – | 24.2 | – | ||
100 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 23.5 | 0.3922 | |||
200 | 3.3 | 0.9739 | 28.3 | 0.9280 | |||
400 | 10.0 | 0.7881 | 23.8 | 0.4368 | |||
800 | 10.0 | 0.7881 | 27.9 | 0.9001 | |||
Cydia pomonella | 0 | 6.7 | – | 4.89 | – | ||
100 | 6.7 | 0.6940 | 4.48 | 0.219 | |||
200 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 5.04 | 0.613 | |||
400 | 3.3 | 0.8814 | 5.49 | 0.877 | |||
800 | 3.3 | 0.8814 | 4.44 | 0.194 |
Species . | Concentration (ppm) . | Mortality (%) . | P-value . | Mean weight (mg) . | P-value . | Mean days to adult emergence . | P-value . |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diabrotica undecimpunctata | 0 | 16.7 | – | 0.616 | – | ||
100 | 56.7 | 0.0014 | 0.123 | <0.001 | |||
200 | 86.7 | <0.0001 | 0.08 | <0.001 | |||
400 | 89.3 | <0.0001 | 0.07 | 0.003 | |||
800 | 100 | <0.0001 | – | – | |||
Leptinotarsa decemlineata | 0 | 10.0 | – | 18.2 | – | ||
100 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 18.7 | 0.5683 | |||
200 | 3.4 | 0.9398 | 17.0 | 0.3396 | |||
400 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 16.4 | 0.2699 | |||
800 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 18.7 | 0.5653 | |||
Tenebrio molitor | 0 | 0.0 | – | 0.897 | – | ||
100 | 10.0 | 0.1186 | 0.911 | 0.5882 | |||
200 | 10.0 | 0.1186 | 0.956 | 0.8179 | |||
400 | 16.7 | 0.0261 | 0.948 | 0.7809 | |||
800 | 3.3 | 0.5000 | 0.931 | 0.7054 | |||
Zophobas morio | 0 | 4.17 | – | 1.27 | – | ||
100 | 12.5 | 0.3043 | 1.27 | 0.5181 | |||
200 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.29 | 0.5622 | |||
400 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.38 | 0.8056 | |||
800 | 8.33 | 0.5000 | 1.30 | 0.6016 | |||
Tribolium castaneum | 0 | 0.0 | – | 0.425 | – | ||
100 | 11.5 | 0.1048 | 0.443 | 0.6070 | |||
200 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 0.476 | 0.7860 | |||
400 | 6.90 | 0.2544 | 0.407 | 0.3937 | |||
800 | 6.90 | 0.2544 | 0.333 | 0.0808 | |||
Epilachna varivestis | 0 | 0.00 | – | 1.34 | – | ||
1 | 3.33 | 0.5000 | 1.09 | 0.038 | |||
5 | 0.00 | 1.0000 | 0.717 | <0.001 | |||
10 | 6.67 | 0.2458 | 0.564 | <0.001 | |||
50 | 66.7 | <0.0001 | 0.340 | <0.001 | |||
100 | 93.3 | <0.0001 | 0.200 | 0.010 | |||
Hippodamia convergens | 0 | 6.67 | –– | 16.5 | – | 15.0 | – |
100 | 16.7 | 0.2119 | 18.2 | 0.9559 | 14.2 | 0.9381 | |
200 | 6.90 | 0.6811 | 17.6 | 0.8711 | 14.1 | 0.9512 | |
400 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 17.7 | 0.8797 | 14.4 | 0.7697 | |
800 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 16.0 | 0.2874 | 14.7 | 0.5072 | |
Coleomegilla maculata | 0 | 3.85 | –– | 14.8 | – | 13.6 | – |
100 | 17.9 | 0.1135 | 14.4 | 0.2628 | 13.9 | 0.0942 | |
200 | 6.90 | 0.5416 | 14.4 | 0.2729 | 14.0 | 0.0308 | |
400 | 3.70 | 0.7641 | 15.0 | 0.5851 | 13.7 | 0.1665 | |
800 | 10.3 | 0.3482 | 14.4 | 0.2620 | 14.2 | 0.0111 | |
Dalotia coriaria | 0 | 16.7 | – | ||||
100 | 13.3 | 0.7642 | |||||
200 | 16.7 | 0.6347 | |||||
400 | 13.8 | 0.7469 | |||||
800 | 6.67 | 0.9486 | |||||
Ostrinia nubilalis | 0 | 10.0 | – | 7.0 | – | ||
100 | 10.0 | 0.6646 | 8.3 | 0.9791 | |||
200 | 0.0 | 1.000 | 7.7 | 0.8964 | |||
400 | 10.3 | 0.6482 | 8.9 | 0.9989 | |||
800 | 13.3 | 0.5000 | 7.2 | 0.6294 | |||
Helicoverpa zea | 0 | 0.0 | – | 77.7 | – | ||
100 | 3.3 | 0.5000 | 93.7 | 0.9527 | |||
200 | 3.6 | 0.4828 | 85.3 | 0.7815 | |||
400 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 98.1 | 0.9836 | |||
800 | 6.7 | 0.2458 | 82.2 | 0.6794 | |||
Vanessa cardui | 0 | 13.3 | – | 24.2 | – | ||
100 | 0.0 | 1.0000 | 23.5 | 0.3922 | |||
200 | 3.3 | 0.9739 | 28.3 | 0.9280 | |||
400 | 10.0 | 0.7881 | 23.8 | 0.4368 | |||
800 | 10.0 | 0.7881 | 27.9 | 0.9001 | |||
Cydia pomonella | 0 | 6.7 | – | 4.89 | – | ||
100 | 6.7 | 0.6940 | 4.48 | 0.219 | |||
200 | 10.0 | 0.5000 | 5.04 | 0.613 | |||
400 | 3.3 | 0.8814 | 5.49 | 0.877 | |||
800 | 3.3 | 0.8814 | 4.44 | 0.194 |
No observed effect concentration (NOEC) for survival endpoint is noted in bold text.
This PDF is available to Subscribers Only
View Article Abstract & Purchase OptionsFor full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.