Table 2. Open in new tab Antimicrobial...

Antimicrobial agent (number of isolates)	MIC (mg/L)	CLSI^a	EUCAST^a
Enterobacterales (17 524)
cefepime/zidebactam	0.03	0.25	(99.9)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	0.12	0.5	98.9		1.1	98.9		1.1
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.25	2	91.7	1.5	6.8	91.7		8.3
piperacillin/tazobactam	2	64	87.2	4.3	8.5	83.2		16.8
ampicillin/sulbactam	16	>64	43.7	14.6	41.7	43.7^c		56.3
ceftriaxone	≤0.06	>8	75.2	0.8	24.0	75.2	0.8	24.0
ceftazidime	0.25	>32	79.5	2.0	18.4	75.9	3.6	20.5
meropenem	0.03	0.06	96.1	0.4	3.5	96.5	1.0	2.5
ertapenem	≤0.008	0.25	94.2	0.9	4.9	94.2		5.8
amikacin	2	4	97.6	0.6	1.8	95.9^d		4.1
gentamicin	0.5	>16	86.1	0.7	13.2	85.5^d		14.5
levofloxacin	0.06	16	73.3	2.9	23.8	73.4	2.9	23.8
CRE (681)^e
cefepime/zidebactam	1	2	(97.8)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	1	>32	72.6		27.4	72.6		27.4
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	2.1	1.7	96.3	2.1		97.9
amikacin	8	>32	62.1	7.9	30.0	50.1^d		49.9
gentamicin	16	>16	42.9	3.5	53.6	41.1^d		58.9
levofloxacin	32	>32	12.2	4.7	83.1	12.2	4.7	83.1
ESBL-phenotype Enterobacterales (2889)^f
cefepime/zidebactam	0.12	0.25	(100.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	0.12	0.5	99.8		0.2	99.8		0.2
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.5	8	85.1	4.1	10.8	85.1		14.9
piperacillin/tazobactam	8	>128	74.5	12.1	13.4	62.1		37.9
meropenem	0.03	0.06	100.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
ertapenem	0.03	0.5	93.6	2.2	4.2	93.6		6.4
amikacin	4	8	95.5	1.2	3.2	90.3^d		9.7
gentamicin	1	>16	56.9	1.4	41.6	55.9^d		44.1
levofloxacin	8	32	27.9	6.0	66.2	27.9	6.0	66.2
P. aeruginosa (4808)
cefepime/zidebactam	1	4	(99.2)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	2	8	94.5		5.5	94.5		5.5
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.5	4	93.7	1.5	4.8	93.7		6.3
piperacillin/tazobactam	4	128	76.7	10.9	12.4	^g	76.7	23.3
ceftazidime	2	32	80.2	5.1	14.7	^g	80.2	19.8
meropenem	0.5	16	76.1	5.6	18.2	76.1	11.2	12.6
tobramycin	0.5	8	88.9	1.2	9.9	87.0^d		13.0
levofloxacin	0.5	32	64.6	10.4	25.0	^g	64.6	35.4
ciprofloxacin	0.25	16	72.5	6.3	21.2	^g	72.5	27.5
Piperacillin/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >16 mg/L; 1122)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	8	(96.5)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	4	32	78.2		21.8	78.2		21.8
ceftolozane/tazobactam	2	>16	75.1	6.2	18.8	75.1		24.9
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	0.0	46.7	53.3	^g	0.0	100.0
ceftazidime	32	>32	20.1	19.1	60.9	^g	20.1	79.9
meropenem	8	>32	35.7	7.7	56.7	35.7	20.7	43.7
tobramycin	1	>16	65.4	2.8	31.8	62.1^d		37.9
levofloxacin	4	>32	29.6	13.3	57.1	^g	29.6	70.4
ciprofloxacin	2	>16	39.9	8.6	51.5	^g	39.9	60.1
Ceftazidime/avibactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >8 mg/L; 264)
cefepime/zidebactam	8	16	(89.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	0.0		100.0	0.0		100.0
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	21.2	8.7	70.1	21.2		78.8
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	7.6	36.0	56.4	^g	7.6	92.4
ceftazidime	>32	>32	0.4	11.0	88.6	^g	0.4	99.6
meropenem	>32	>32	6.8	4.9	88.3	6.8	6	82.6
tobramycin	>16	>16	33.0	3.4	63.6	29.5^d		70.5
levofloxacin	32	>32	6.8	8.0	85.2	^g	14.8	85.2
ciprofloxacin	16	>16	11.8	5.3	82.8	^g	11.8	88.2
Ceftolozane/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >4 mg/L; 286)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	8	(90.9)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	36.4		63.6	36.4		63.6
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	0.0	24.1	75.9	0.0		100.0
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	8.0	29.7	62.2	^g	8.0	92.0
ceftazidime	>32	>32	3.5	7.0	89.5	^g	3.5	96.5
meropenem	32	>32	9.4	4.5	86.0	9.4	15.7	74.8
tobramycin	>16	>16	26.9	4.5	68.5	21.7^d		78.3
levofloxacin	32	>32	10.5	6.6	82.9	^g	17.1	82.9
ciprofloxacin	16	>16	10.6	6.0	83.4	^g	10.6	89.4
A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (1139)
cefepime/zidebactam	16	32	(47.4)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	16	>32	(35.0)^b
piperacillin/tazobactam	>128	>128	28.5	2.7	68.9
ampicillin/sulbactam	32	>64	32.8	6.1	61.1
ceftazidime	>32	>32	31.7	3.3	65.0
meropenem	>32	>32	34.5	0.3	65.2	34.5	1.1	64.4
imipenem	>8	>8	34.8	0.4	64.8	34.8	0.4	64.8
amikacin	>32	>32	43.3	2.8	53.9	41.4^d		58.6
gentamicin	>16	>16	40.7	3.6	55.7	40.7^d		59.3
tobramycin	8	>16	49.5	1.2	49.3	49.5^d		50.5
levofloxacin	16	>32	32.6	2.1	65.3	31.0	1.1	68.0
ciprofloxacin	>16	>16	31.1	0.8	68.1	^g	31.1	68.9
S. maltophilia (636)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	16	(80.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	(31.9)^b
ceftazidime	>32	>32	20.8	8.5	70.8
levofloxacin	1	8	75.2	10.8	14.0
minocycline	0.5	2	98.9	1.1	0.0
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	0.25	1	94.9		5.1	^g	97.3	2.7
B. cepacia complex (113)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	16	(89.4)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	2	8	(93.8)^b
ceftazidime	4	16	80.5	9.7	9.7
meropenem	2	8	89.4	7.1	3.5
levofloxacin	2	32	55.8	21.2	23.0
minocycline	4	16	72.5	14.7	12.8
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	1	4	78.8		21.2

Antimicrobial agent (number of isolates)

MIC (mg/L)

CLSI^a

EUCAST^a

MIC₅₀

MIC₉₀

% S

% I

% R

% S

% I

% R

Enterobacterales (17 524)

cefepime/zidebactam

0.03

0.25

(99.9)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

0.12

0.5

98.9

1.1

98.9

1.1

ceftolozane/tazobactam

0.25

91.7

1.5

6.8

91.7

8.3

piperacillin/tazobactam

87.2

4.3

8.5

83.2

16.8

ampicillin/sulbactam

>64

43.7

14.6

41.7

43.7^c

56.3

ceftriaxone

≤0.06

75.2

0.8

24.0

75.2

0.8

24.0

ceftazidime

0.25

>32

79.5

2.0

18.4

75.9

3.6

20.5

meropenem

0.03

0.06

96.1

0.4

3.5

96.5

1.0

2.5

ertapenem

≤0.008

0.25

94.2

0.9

4.9

94.2

5.8

amikacin

97.6

0.6

1.8

95.9^d

4.1

gentamicin

0.5

>16

86.1

0.7

13.2

85.5^d

14.5

levofloxacin

0.06

73.3

2.9

23.8

73.4

2.9

23.8

CRE (681)^e

cefepime/zidebactam

(97.8)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

72.6

27.4

72.6

27.4

ceftolozane/tazobactam

>16

2.1

1.7

96.3

2.1

97.9

amikacin

>32

62.1

7.9

30.0

50.1^d

49.9

gentamicin

>16

42.9

3.5

53.6

41.1^d

58.9

levofloxacin

>32

12.2

4.7

83.1

12.2

4.7

83.1

ESBL-phenotype Enterobacterales (2889)^f

cefepime/zidebactam

0.12

0.25

(100.0)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

0.12

0.5

99.8

0.2

99.8

0.2

ceftolozane/tazobactam

0.5

85.1

4.1

10.8

85.1

14.9

piperacillin/tazobactam

>128

74.5

12.1

13.4

62.1

37.9

meropenem

0.03

0.06

100.0

0.0

100.0

0.0

ertapenem

0.03

0.5

93.6

2.2

4.2

93.6

6.4

amikacin

95.5

1.2

3.2

90.3^d

9.7

gentamicin

>16

56.9

1.4

41.6

55.9^d

44.1

levofloxacin

27.9

6.0

66.2

27.9

6.0

66.2

P. aeruginosa (4808)

cefepime/zidebactam

(99.2)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

94.5

5.5

94.5

5.5

ceftolozane/tazobactam

0.5

93.7

1.5

4.8

93.7

6.3

piperacillin/tazobactam

128

76.7

10.9

12.4

76.7

23.3

ceftazidime

80.2

5.1

14.7

80.2

19.8

meropenem

0.5

76.1

5.6

18.2

76.1

11.2

12.6

tobramycin

0.5

88.9

1.2

9.9

87.0^d

13.0

levofloxacin

0.5

64.6

10.4

25.0

64.6

35.4

ciprofloxacin

0.25

72.5

6.3

21.2

72.5

27.5

Piperacillin/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >16 mg/L; 1122)

cefepime/zidebactam

(96.5)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

78.2

21.8

78.2

21.8

ceftolozane/tazobactam

>16

75.1

6.2

18.8

75.1

24.9

piperacillin/tazobactam

128

>128

0.0

46.7

53.3

0.0

100.0

ceftazidime

>32

20.1

19.1

60.9

20.1

79.9

meropenem

>32

35.7

7.7

56.7

35.7

20.7

43.7

tobramycin

>16

65.4

2.8

31.8

62.1^d

37.9

levofloxacin

>32

29.6

13.3

57.1

29.6

70.4

ciprofloxacin

>16

39.9

8.6

51.5

39.9

60.1

Ceftazidime/avibactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >8 mg/L; 264)

cefepime/zidebactam

(89.0)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

0.0

100.0

0.0

100.0

ceftolozane/tazobactam

>16

21.2

8.7

70.1

21.2

78.8

piperacillin/tazobactam

128

>128

7.6

36.0

56.4

7.6

92.4

ceftazidime

>32

0.4

11.0

88.6

0.4

99.6

meropenem

>32

6.8

4.9

88.3

6.8

82.6

tobramycin

>16

33.0

3.4

63.6

29.5^d

70.5

levofloxacin

>32

6.8

8.0

85.2

14.8

85.2

ciprofloxacin

>16

11.8

5.3

82.8

11.8

88.2

Ceftolozane/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >4 mg/L; 286)

cefepime/zidebactam

(90.9)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

36.4

63.6

36.4

63.6

ceftolozane/tazobactam

>16

0.0

24.1

75.9

0.0

100.0

piperacillin/tazobactam

128

>128

8.0

29.7

62.2

8.0

92.0

ceftazidime

>32

3.5

7.0

89.5

3.5

96.5

meropenem

>32

9.4

4.5

86.0

9.4

15.7

74.8

tobramycin

>16

26.9

4.5

68.5

21.7^d

78.3

levofloxacin

>32

10.5

6.6

82.9

17.1

82.9

ciprofloxacin

>16

10.6

6.0

83.4

10.6

89.4

A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (1139)

cefepime/zidebactam

(47.4)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

(35.0)^b

piperacillin/tazobactam

>128

28.5

2.7

68.9

ampicillin/sulbactam

>64

32.8

6.1

61.1

ceftazidime

>32

31.7

3.3

65.0

meropenem

>32

34.5

0.3

65.2

34.5

1.1

64.4

imipenem

34.8

0.4

64.8

34.8

0.4

64.8

amikacin

>32

43.3

2.8

53.9

41.4^d

58.6

gentamicin

>16

40.7

3.6

55.7

40.7^d

59.3

tobramycin

>16

49.5

1.2

49.3

49.5^d

50.5

levofloxacin

>32

32.6

2.1

65.3

31.0

1.1

68.0

ciprofloxacin

>16

31.1

0.8

68.1

31.1

68.9

S. maltophilia (636)

cefepime/zidebactam

(80.0)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

(31.9)^b

ceftazidime

>32

20.8

8.5

70.8

levofloxacin

75.2

10.8

14.0

minocycline

0.5

98.9

1.1

0.0

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

0.25

94.9

5.1

97.3

2.7

B. cepacia complex (113)

cefepime/zidebactam

(89.4)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

(93.8)^b

ceftazidime

80.5

9.7

meropenem

89.4

7.1

3.5

levofloxacin

55.8

21.2

23.0

minocycline

72.5

14.7

12.8

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

78.8

21.2

Antimicrobial agent (number of isolates)	MIC (mg/L)	CLSI^a	EUCAST^a
Enterobacterales (17 524)
cefepime/zidebactam	0.03	0.25	(99.9)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	0.12	0.5	98.9		1.1	98.9		1.1
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.25	2	91.7	1.5	6.8	91.7		8.3
piperacillin/tazobactam	2	64	87.2	4.3	8.5	83.2		16.8
ampicillin/sulbactam	16	>64	43.7	14.6	41.7	43.7^c		56.3
ceftriaxone	≤0.06	>8	75.2	0.8	24.0	75.2	0.8	24.0
ceftazidime	0.25	>32	79.5	2.0	18.4	75.9	3.6	20.5
meropenem	0.03	0.06	96.1	0.4	3.5	96.5	1.0	2.5
ertapenem	≤0.008	0.25	94.2	0.9	4.9	94.2		5.8
amikacin	2	4	97.6	0.6	1.8	95.9^d		4.1
gentamicin	0.5	>16	86.1	0.7	13.2	85.5^d		14.5
levofloxacin	0.06	16	73.3	2.9	23.8	73.4	2.9	23.8
CRE (681)^e
cefepime/zidebactam	1	2	(97.8)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	1	>32	72.6		27.4	72.6		27.4
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	2.1	1.7	96.3	2.1		97.9
amikacin	8	>32	62.1	7.9	30.0	50.1^d		49.9
gentamicin	16	>16	42.9	3.5	53.6	41.1^d		58.9
levofloxacin	32	>32	12.2	4.7	83.1	12.2	4.7	83.1
ESBL-phenotype Enterobacterales (2889)^f
cefepime/zidebactam	0.12	0.25	(100.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	0.12	0.5	99.8		0.2	99.8		0.2
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.5	8	85.1	4.1	10.8	85.1		14.9
piperacillin/tazobactam	8	>128	74.5	12.1	13.4	62.1		37.9
meropenem	0.03	0.06	100.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
ertapenem	0.03	0.5	93.6	2.2	4.2	93.6		6.4
amikacin	4	8	95.5	1.2	3.2	90.3^d		9.7
gentamicin	1	>16	56.9	1.4	41.6	55.9^d		44.1
levofloxacin	8	32	27.9	6.0	66.2	27.9	6.0	66.2
P. aeruginosa (4808)
cefepime/zidebactam	1	4	(99.2)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	2	8	94.5		5.5	94.5		5.5
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.5	4	93.7	1.5	4.8	93.7		6.3
piperacillin/tazobactam	4	128	76.7	10.9	12.4	^g	76.7	23.3
ceftazidime	2	32	80.2	5.1	14.7	^g	80.2	19.8
meropenem	0.5	16	76.1	5.6	18.2	76.1	11.2	12.6
tobramycin	0.5	8	88.9	1.2	9.9	87.0^d		13.0
levofloxacin	0.5	32	64.6	10.4	25.0	^g	64.6	35.4
ciprofloxacin	0.25	16	72.5	6.3	21.2	^g	72.5	27.5
Piperacillin/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >16 mg/L; 1122)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	8	(96.5)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	4	32	78.2		21.8	78.2		21.8
ceftolozane/tazobactam	2	>16	75.1	6.2	18.8	75.1		24.9
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	0.0	46.7	53.3	^g	0.0	100.0
ceftazidime	32	>32	20.1	19.1	60.9	^g	20.1	79.9
meropenem	8	>32	35.7	7.7	56.7	35.7	20.7	43.7
tobramycin	1	>16	65.4	2.8	31.8	62.1^d		37.9
levofloxacin	4	>32	29.6	13.3	57.1	^g	29.6	70.4
ciprofloxacin	2	>16	39.9	8.6	51.5	^g	39.9	60.1
Ceftazidime/avibactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >8 mg/L; 264)
cefepime/zidebactam	8	16	(89.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	0.0		100.0	0.0		100.0
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	21.2	8.7	70.1	21.2		78.8
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	7.6	36.0	56.4	^g	7.6	92.4
ceftazidime	>32	>32	0.4	11.0	88.6	^g	0.4	99.6
meropenem	>32	>32	6.8	4.9	88.3	6.8	6	82.6
tobramycin	>16	>16	33.0	3.4	63.6	29.5^d		70.5
levofloxacin	32	>32	6.8	8.0	85.2	^g	14.8	85.2
ciprofloxacin	16	>16	11.8	5.3	82.8	^g	11.8	88.2
Ceftolozane/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >4 mg/L; 286)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	8	(90.9)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	36.4		63.6	36.4		63.6
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	0.0	24.1	75.9	0.0		100.0
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	8.0	29.7	62.2	^g	8.0	92.0
ceftazidime	>32	>32	3.5	7.0	89.5	^g	3.5	96.5
meropenem	32	>32	9.4	4.5	86.0	9.4	15.7	74.8
tobramycin	>16	>16	26.9	4.5	68.5	21.7^d		78.3
levofloxacin	32	>32	10.5	6.6	82.9	^g	17.1	82.9
ciprofloxacin	16	>16	10.6	6.0	83.4	^g	10.6	89.4
A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (1139)
cefepime/zidebactam	16	32	(47.4)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	16	>32	(35.0)^b
piperacillin/tazobactam	>128	>128	28.5	2.7	68.9
ampicillin/sulbactam	32	>64	32.8	6.1	61.1
ceftazidime	>32	>32	31.7	3.3	65.0
meropenem	>32	>32	34.5	0.3	65.2	34.5	1.1	64.4
imipenem	>8	>8	34.8	0.4	64.8	34.8	0.4	64.8
amikacin	>32	>32	43.3	2.8	53.9	41.4^d		58.6
gentamicin	>16	>16	40.7	3.6	55.7	40.7^d		59.3
tobramycin	8	>16	49.5	1.2	49.3	49.5^d		50.5
levofloxacin	16	>32	32.6	2.1	65.3	31.0	1.1	68.0
ciprofloxacin	>16	>16	31.1	0.8	68.1	^g	31.1	68.9
S. maltophilia (636)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	16	(80.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	(31.9)^b
ceftazidime	>32	>32	20.8	8.5	70.8
levofloxacin	1	8	75.2	10.8	14.0
minocycline	0.5	2	98.9	1.1	0.0
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	0.25	1	94.9		5.1	^g	97.3	2.7
B. cepacia complex (113)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	16	(89.4)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	2	8	(93.8)^b
ceftazidime	4	16	80.5	9.7	9.7
meropenem	2	8	89.4	7.1	3.5
levofloxacin	2	32	55.8	21.2	23.0
minocycline	4	16	72.5	14.7	12.8
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	1	4	78.8		21.2

Antimicrobial agent (number of isolates)

MIC (mg/L)

CLSI^a

EUCAST^a

MIC₅₀

MIC₉₀

% S

% I

% R

% S

% I

% R

Enterobacterales (17 524)

cefepime/zidebactam

0.03

0.25

(99.9)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

0.12

0.5

98.9

1.1

98.9

1.1

ceftolozane/tazobactam

0.25

91.7

1.5

6.8

91.7

8.3

piperacillin/tazobactam

87.2

4.3

8.5

83.2

16.8

ampicillin/sulbactam

>64

43.7

14.6

41.7

43.7^c

56.3

ceftriaxone

≤0.06

75.2

0.8

24.0

75.2

0.8

24.0

ceftazidime

0.25

>32

79.5

2.0

18.4

75.9

3.6

20.5

meropenem

0.03

0.06

96.1

0.4

3.5

96.5

1.0

2.5

ertapenem

≤0.008

0.25

94.2

0.9

4.9

94.2

5.8

amikacin

97.6

0.6

1.8

95.9^d

4.1

gentamicin

0.5

>16

86.1

0.7

13.2

85.5^d

14.5

levofloxacin

0.06

73.3

2.9

23.8

73.4

2.9

23.8

CRE (681)^e

cefepime/zidebactam

(97.8)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

72.6

27.4

72.6

27.4

ceftolozane/tazobactam

>16

2.1

1.7

96.3

2.1

97.9

amikacin

>32

62.1

7.9

30.0

50.1^d

49.9

gentamicin

>16

42.9

3.5

53.6

41.1^d

58.9

levofloxacin

>32

12.2

4.7

83.1

12.2

4.7

83.1

ESBL-phenotype Enterobacterales (2889)^f

cefepime/zidebactam

0.12

0.25

(100.0)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

0.12

0.5

99.8

0.2

99.8

0.2

ceftolozane/tazobactam

0.5

85.1

4.1

10.8

85.1

14.9

piperacillin/tazobactam

>128

74.5

12.1

13.4

62.1

37.9

meropenem

0.03

0.06

100.0

0.0

100.0

0.0

ertapenem

0.03

0.5

93.6

2.2

4.2

93.6

6.4

amikacin

95.5

1.2

3.2

90.3^d

9.7

gentamicin

>16

56.9

1.4

41.6

55.9^d

44.1

levofloxacin

27.9

6.0

66.2

27.9

6.0

66.2

P. aeruginosa (4808)

cefepime/zidebactam

(99.2)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

94.5

5.5

94.5

5.5

ceftolozane/tazobactam

0.5

93.7

1.5

4.8

93.7

6.3

piperacillin/tazobactam

128

76.7

10.9

12.4

76.7

23.3

ceftazidime

80.2

5.1

14.7

80.2

19.8

meropenem

0.5

76.1

5.6

18.2

76.1

11.2

12.6

tobramycin

0.5

88.9

1.2

9.9

87.0^d

13.0

levofloxacin

0.5

64.6

10.4

25.0

64.6

35.4

ciprofloxacin

0.25

72.5

6.3

21.2

72.5

27.5

Piperacillin/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >16 mg/L; 1122)

cefepime/zidebactam

(96.5)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

78.2

21.8

78.2

21.8

ceftolozane/tazobactam

>16

75.1

6.2

18.8

75.1

24.9

piperacillin/tazobactam

128

>128

0.0

46.7

53.3

0.0

100.0

ceftazidime

>32

20.1

19.1

60.9

20.1

79.9

meropenem

>32

35.7

7.7

56.7

35.7

20.7

43.7

tobramycin

>16

65.4

2.8

31.8

62.1^d

37.9

levofloxacin

>32

29.6

13.3

57.1

29.6

70.4

ciprofloxacin

>16

39.9

8.6

51.5

39.9

60.1

Ceftazidime/avibactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >8 mg/L; 264)

cefepime/zidebactam

(89.0)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

0.0

100.0

0.0

100.0

ceftolozane/tazobactam

>16

21.2

8.7

70.1

21.2

78.8

piperacillin/tazobactam

128

>128

7.6

36.0

56.4

7.6

92.4

ceftazidime

>32

0.4

11.0

88.6

0.4

99.6

meropenem

>32

6.8

4.9

88.3

6.8

82.6

tobramycin

>16

33.0

3.4

63.6

29.5^d

70.5

levofloxacin

>32

6.8

8.0

85.2

14.8

85.2

ciprofloxacin

>16

11.8

5.3

82.8

11.8

88.2

Ceftolozane/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >4 mg/L; 286)

cefepime/zidebactam

(90.9)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

36.4

63.6

36.4

63.6

ceftolozane/tazobactam

>16

0.0

24.1

75.9

0.0

100.0

piperacillin/tazobactam

128

>128

8.0

29.7

62.2

8.0

92.0

ceftazidime

>32

3.5

7.0

89.5

3.5

96.5

meropenem

>32

9.4

4.5

86.0

9.4

15.7

74.8

tobramycin

>16

26.9

4.5

68.5

21.7^d

78.3

levofloxacin

>32

10.5

6.6

82.9

17.1

82.9

ciprofloxacin

>16

10.6

6.0

83.4

10.6

89.4

A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (1139)

cefepime/zidebactam

(47.4)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

(35.0)^b

piperacillin/tazobactam

>128

28.5

2.7

68.9

ampicillin/sulbactam

>64

32.8

6.1

61.1

ceftazidime

>32

31.7

3.3

65.0

meropenem

>32

34.5

0.3

65.2

34.5

1.1

64.4

imipenem

34.8

0.4

64.8

34.8

0.4

64.8

amikacin

>32

43.3

2.8

53.9

41.4^d

58.6

gentamicin

>16

40.7

3.6

55.7

40.7^d

59.3

tobramycin

>16

49.5

1.2

49.3

49.5^d

50.5

levofloxacin

>32

32.6

2.1

65.3

31.0

1.1

68.0

ciprofloxacin

>16

31.1

0.8

68.1

31.1

68.9

S. maltophilia (636)

cefepime/zidebactam

(80.0)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

>32

(31.9)^b

ceftazidime

>32

20.8

8.5

70.8

levofloxacin

75.2

10.8

14.0

minocycline

0.5

98.9

1.1

0.0

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

0.25

94.9

5.1

97.3

2.7

B. cepacia complex (113)

cefepime/zidebactam

(89.4)^b

ceftazidime/avibactam

(93.8)^b

ceftazidime

80.5

9.7

meropenem

89.4

7.1

3.5

levofloxacin

55.8

21.2

23.0

minocycline

72.5

14.7

12.8

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

78.8

21.2

Table 2.

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Antimicrobial activity of cefepime/zidebactam and comparator agents tested against Gram-negative organisms from all regions combined

Antimicrobial agent (number of isolates)	MIC (mg/L)		CLSI^a			EUCAST^a
Antimicrobial agent (number of isolates)	MIC₅₀	MIC₉₀	% S	% I	% R	% S	% I	% R
Enterobacterales (17 524)
cefepime/zidebactam	0.03	0.25	(99.9)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	0.12	0.5	98.9		1.1	98.9		1.1
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.25	2	91.7	1.5	6.8	91.7		8.3
piperacillin/tazobactam	2	64	87.2	4.3	8.5	83.2		16.8
ampicillin/sulbactam	16	>64	43.7	14.6	41.7	43.7^c		56.3
ceftriaxone	≤0.06	>8	75.2	0.8	24.0	75.2	0.8	24.0
ceftazidime	0.25	>32	79.5	2.0	18.4	75.9	3.6	20.5
meropenem	0.03	0.06	96.1	0.4	3.5	96.5	1.0	2.5
ertapenem	≤0.008	0.25	94.2	0.9	4.9	94.2		5.8
amikacin	2	4	97.6	0.6	1.8	95.9^d		4.1
gentamicin	0.5	>16	86.1	0.7	13.2	85.5^d		14.5
levofloxacin	0.06	16	73.3	2.9	23.8	73.4	2.9	23.8
CRE (681)^e
cefepime/zidebactam	1	2	(97.8)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	1	>32	72.6		27.4	72.6		27.4
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	2.1	1.7	96.3	2.1		97.9
amikacin	8	>32	62.1	7.9	30.0	50.1^d		49.9
gentamicin	16	>16	42.9	3.5	53.6	41.1^d		58.9
levofloxacin	32	>32	12.2	4.7	83.1	12.2	4.7	83.1
ESBL-phenotype Enterobacterales (2889)^f
cefepime/zidebactam	0.12	0.25	(100.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	0.12	0.5	99.8		0.2	99.8		0.2
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.5	8	85.1	4.1	10.8	85.1		14.9
piperacillin/tazobactam	8	>128	74.5	12.1	13.4	62.1		37.9
meropenem	0.03	0.06	100.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
ertapenem	0.03	0.5	93.6	2.2	4.2	93.6		6.4
amikacin	4	8	95.5	1.2	3.2	90.3^d		9.7
gentamicin	1	>16	56.9	1.4	41.6	55.9^d		44.1
levofloxacin	8	32	27.9	6.0	66.2	27.9	6.0	66.2
P. aeruginosa (4808)
cefepime/zidebactam	1	4	(99.2)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	2	8	94.5		5.5	94.5		5.5
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.5	4	93.7	1.5	4.8	93.7		6.3
piperacillin/tazobactam	4	128	76.7	10.9	12.4	^g	76.7	23.3
ceftazidime	2	32	80.2	5.1	14.7	^g	80.2	19.8
meropenem	0.5	16	76.1	5.6	18.2	76.1	11.2	12.6
tobramycin	0.5	8	88.9	1.2	9.9	87.0^d		13.0
levofloxacin	0.5	32	64.6	10.4	25.0	^g	64.6	35.4
ciprofloxacin	0.25	16	72.5	6.3	21.2	^g	72.5	27.5
Piperacillin/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >16 mg/L; 1122)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	8	(96.5)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	4	32	78.2		21.8	78.2		21.8
ceftolozane/tazobactam	2	>16	75.1	6.2	18.8	75.1		24.9
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	0.0	46.7	53.3	^g	0.0	100.0
ceftazidime	32	>32	20.1	19.1	60.9	^g	20.1	79.9
meropenem	8	>32	35.7	7.7	56.7	35.7	20.7	43.7
tobramycin	1	>16	65.4	2.8	31.8	62.1^d		37.9
levofloxacin	4	>32	29.6	13.3	57.1	^g	29.6	70.4
ciprofloxacin	2	>16	39.9	8.6	51.5	^g	39.9	60.1
Ceftazidime/avibactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >8 mg/L; 264)
cefepime/zidebactam	8	16	(89.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	0.0		100.0	0.0		100.0
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	21.2	8.7	70.1	21.2		78.8
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	7.6	36.0	56.4	^g	7.6	92.4
ceftazidime	>32	>32	0.4	11.0	88.6	^g	0.4	99.6
meropenem	>32	>32	6.8	4.9	88.3	6.8	6	82.6
tobramycin	>16	>16	33.0	3.4	63.6	29.5^d		70.5
levofloxacin	32	>32	6.8	8.0	85.2	^g	14.8	85.2
ciprofloxacin	16	>16	11.8	5.3	82.8	^g	11.8	88.2
Ceftolozane/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >4 mg/L; 286)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	8	(90.9)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	36.4		63.6	36.4		63.6
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	0.0	24.1	75.9	0.0		100.0
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	8.0	29.7	62.2	^g	8.0	92.0
ceftazidime	>32	>32	3.5	7.0	89.5	^g	3.5	96.5
meropenem	32	>32	9.4	4.5	86.0	9.4	15.7	74.8
tobramycin	>16	>16	26.9	4.5	68.5	21.7^d		78.3
levofloxacin	32	>32	10.5	6.6	82.9	^g	17.1	82.9
ciprofloxacin	16	>16	10.6	6.0	83.4	^g	10.6	89.4
A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (1139)
cefepime/zidebactam	16	32	(47.4)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	16	>32	(35.0)^b
piperacillin/tazobactam	>128	>128	28.5	2.7	68.9
ampicillin/sulbactam	32	>64	32.8	6.1	61.1
ceftazidime	>32	>32	31.7	3.3	65.0
meropenem	>32	>32	34.5	0.3	65.2	34.5	1.1	64.4
imipenem	>8	>8	34.8	0.4	64.8	34.8	0.4	64.8
amikacin	>32	>32	43.3	2.8	53.9	41.4^d		58.6
gentamicin	>16	>16	40.7	3.6	55.7	40.7^d		59.3
tobramycin	8	>16	49.5	1.2	49.3	49.5^d		50.5
levofloxacin	16	>32	32.6	2.1	65.3	31.0	1.1	68.0
ciprofloxacin	>16	>16	31.1	0.8	68.1	^g	31.1	68.9
S. maltophilia (636)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	16	(80.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	(31.9)^b
ceftazidime	>32	>32	20.8	8.5	70.8
levofloxacin	1	8	75.2	10.8	14.0
minocycline	0.5	2	98.9	1.1	0.0
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	0.25	1	94.9		5.1	^g	97.3	2.7
B. cepacia complex (113)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	16	(89.4)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	2	8	(93.8)^b
ceftazidime	4	16	80.5	9.7	9.7
meropenem	2	8	89.4	7.1	3.5
levofloxacin	2	32	55.8	21.2	23.0
minocycline	4	16	72.5	14.7	12.8
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	1	4	78.8		21.2

Antimicrobial agent (number of isolates)	MIC (mg/L)		CLSI^a			EUCAST^a
Antimicrobial agent (number of isolates)	MIC₅₀	MIC₉₀	% S	% I	% R	% S	% I	% R
Enterobacterales (17 524)
cefepime/zidebactam	0.03	0.25	(99.9)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	0.12	0.5	98.9		1.1	98.9		1.1
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.25	2	91.7	1.5	6.8	91.7		8.3
piperacillin/tazobactam	2	64	87.2	4.3	8.5	83.2		16.8
ampicillin/sulbactam	16	>64	43.7	14.6	41.7	43.7^c		56.3
ceftriaxone	≤0.06	>8	75.2	0.8	24.0	75.2	0.8	24.0
ceftazidime	0.25	>32	79.5	2.0	18.4	75.9	3.6	20.5
meropenem	0.03	0.06	96.1	0.4	3.5	96.5	1.0	2.5
ertapenem	≤0.008	0.25	94.2	0.9	4.9	94.2		5.8
amikacin	2	4	97.6	0.6	1.8	95.9^d		4.1
gentamicin	0.5	>16	86.1	0.7	13.2	85.5^d		14.5
levofloxacin	0.06	16	73.3	2.9	23.8	73.4	2.9	23.8
CRE (681)^e
cefepime/zidebactam	1	2	(97.8)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	1	>32	72.6		27.4	72.6		27.4
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	2.1	1.7	96.3	2.1		97.9
amikacin	8	>32	62.1	7.9	30.0	50.1^d		49.9
gentamicin	16	>16	42.9	3.5	53.6	41.1^d		58.9
levofloxacin	32	>32	12.2	4.7	83.1	12.2	4.7	83.1
ESBL-phenotype Enterobacterales (2889)^f
cefepime/zidebactam	0.12	0.25	(100.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	0.12	0.5	99.8		0.2	99.8		0.2
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.5	8	85.1	4.1	10.8	85.1		14.9
piperacillin/tazobactam	8	>128	74.5	12.1	13.4	62.1		37.9
meropenem	0.03	0.06	100.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
ertapenem	0.03	0.5	93.6	2.2	4.2	93.6		6.4
amikacin	4	8	95.5	1.2	3.2	90.3^d		9.7
gentamicin	1	>16	56.9	1.4	41.6	55.9^d		44.1
levofloxacin	8	32	27.9	6.0	66.2	27.9	6.0	66.2
P. aeruginosa (4808)
cefepime/zidebactam	1	4	(99.2)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	2	8	94.5		5.5	94.5		5.5
ceftolozane/tazobactam	0.5	4	93.7	1.5	4.8	93.7		6.3
piperacillin/tazobactam	4	128	76.7	10.9	12.4	^g	76.7	23.3
ceftazidime	2	32	80.2	5.1	14.7	^g	80.2	19.8
meropenem	0.5	16	76.1	5.6	18.2	76.1	11.2	12.6
tobramycin	0.5	8	88.9	1.2	9.9	87.0^d		13.0
levofloxacin	0.5	32	64.6	10.4	25.0	^g	64.6	35.4
ciprofloxacin	0.25	16	72.5	6.3	21.2	^g	72.5	27.5
Piperacillin/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >16 mg/L; 1122)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	8	(96.5)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	4	32	78.2		21.8	78.2		21.8
ceftolozane/tazobactam	2	>16	75.1	6.2	18.8	75.1		24.9
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	0.0	46.7	53.3	^g	0.0	100.0
ceftazidime	32	>32	20.1	19.1	60.9	^g	20.1	79.9
meropenem	8	>32	35.7	7.7	56.7	35.7	20.7	43.7
tobramycin	1	>16	65.4	2.8	31.8	62.1^d		37.9
levofloxacin	4	>32	29.6	13.3	57.1	^g	29.6	70.4
ciprofloxacin	2	>16	39.9	8.6	51.5	^g	39.9	60.1
Ceftazidime/avibactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >8 mg/L; 264)
cefepime/zidebactam	8	16	(89.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	0.0		100.0	0.0		100.0
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	21.2	8.7	70.1	21.2		78.8
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	7.6	36.0	56.4	^g	7.6	92.4
ceftazidime	>32	>32	0.4	11.0	88.6	^g	0.4	99.6
meropenem	>32	>32	6.8	4.9	88.3	6.8	6	82.6
tobramycin	>16	>16	33.0	3.4	63.6	29.5^d		70.5
levofloxacin	32	>32	6.8	8.0	85.2	^g	14.8	85.2
ciprofloxacin	16	>16	11.8	5.3	82.8	^g	11.8	88.2
Ceftolozane/tazobactam-non-susceptible P. aeruginosa (MIC >4 mg/L; 286)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	8	(90.9)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	36.4		63.6	36.4		63.6
ceftolozane/tazobactam	>16	>16	0.0	24.1	75.9	0.0		100.0
piperacillin/tazobactam	128	>128	8.0	29.7	62.2	^g	8.0	92.0
ceftazidime	>32	>32	3.5	7.0	89.5	^g	3.5	96.5
meropenem	32	>32	9.4	4.5	86.0	9.4	15.7	74.8
tobramycin	>16	>16	26.9	4.5	68.5	21.7^d		78.3
levofloxacin	32	>32	10.5	6.6	82.9	^g	17.1	82.9
ciprofloxacin	16	>16	10.6	6.0	83.4	^g	10.6	89.4
A. baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (1139)
cefepime/zidebactam	16	32	(47.4)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	16	>32	(35.0)^b
piperacillin/tazobactam	>128	>128	28.5	2.7	68.9
ampicillin/sulbactam	32	>64	32.8	6.1	61.1
ceftazidime	>32	>32	31.7	3.3	65.0
meropenem	>32	>32	34.5	0.3	65.2	34.5	1.1	64.4
imipenem	>8	>8	34.8	0.4	64.8	34.8	0.4	64.8
amikacin	>32	>32	43.3	2.8	53.9	41.4^d		58.6
gentamicin	>16	>16	40.7	3.6	55.7	40.7^d		59.3
tobramycin	8	>16	49.5	1.2	49.3	49.5^d		50.5
levofloxacin	16	>32	32.6	2.1	65.3	31.0	1.1	68.0
ciprofloxacin	>16	>16	31.1	0.8	68.1	^g	31.1	68.9
S. maltophilia (636)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	16	(80.0)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	32	>32	(31.9)^b
ceftazidime	>32	>32	20.8	8.5	70.8
levofloxacin	1	8	75.2	10.8	14.0
minocycline	0.5	2	98.9	1.1	0.0
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	0.25	1	94.9		5.1	^g	97.3	2.7
B. cepacia complex (113)
cefepime/zidebactam	4	16	(89.4)^b
ceftazidime/avibactam	2	8	(93.8)^b
ceftazidime	4	16	80.5	9.7	9.7
meropenem	2	8	89.4	7.1	3.5
levofloxacin	2	32	55.8	21.2	23.0
minocycline	4	16	72.5	14.7	12.8
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole	1	4	78.8		21.2

Criteria as published by CLSI¹⁰ and EUCAST.¹² S, susceptible; I, intermediate; R, resistant.

Percentage inhibited at ≤8 mg/L for comparison.

These breakpoints for oral administration are relevant for uncomplicated urinary tract infections only.

For infections originating from the urinary tract. For systemic infections, aminoglycosides must be used in combination with other active therapy.

Organisms include C. freundii species complex (6), E. cloacae species complex (43), E. coli (21), Hafnia alvei (1), K. aerogenes (7), K. oxytoca (11), K. pneumoniae (561), P. mirabilis (3), P. rettgeri (3), P. stuartii (3), S. marcescens (21) and unspeciated Raoultella (1).

Organisms include E. coli (1742), K. pneumoniae (1046) and P. mirabilis (101) isolates with elevated MIC values (MIC ≥2 mg/L) of aztreonam, ceftazidime or ceftriaxone that are considered susceptible (MIC ≥1 mg/L) to meropenem.

An arbitrary susceptible breakpoint of ≤0.001 mg/L and/or >50 mm has been published by EUCAST indicating that susceptible should not be reported for this organism/agent combination and intermediate should be interpreted as susceptible increased exposure.¹²

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