Table 1. Open in new tab Selected Input...

Input

Base Case

Lower

Upper

Reference

Proportion of population that is at higher risk

0.300

0.150

0.450

[13]

Active CHB prevalence, persons at lower risk

19–49 y

0.0034

0.0025

0.0047

[14]

≥50 y

0.0039

0.0027

0.0056

[14]

Active CHB prevalence, persons at higher risk

0.030

0.010

0.050

[15]

Proportion aware of CHB infection

0.339

0.167

0.511

[16]

Current vaccination coverage, persons at lower risk

19–29 y

0.921

0.700

0.990

[17]

≥30 y

0.000

0.200

Assumption

Current vaccination coverage, persons at higher risk

19–29 y

0.921

0.700

0.990

[17]

30–49 y

0.329

0.100

0.500

[9]

≥50 y

0.159

0.100

0.350

[9]

Proportion that forget about vaccination

19–49 y

0.300

0.236

0.364

[18]

50 + y

0.192

0.138

0.245

[18]

Proportion that receive dose 2, given dose 1

0.819

0.716

0.819

[19]

Proportion that receive dose 3, given dose 2

0.800

0.542

0.800

[19]

Efficacy of 3-dose vaccine strategy

Efficacy of 1 dose only

0.308

0.200

0.400

[20]

Efficacy of 2 doses only

0.782

0.700

0.800

[20]

Efficacy of 3 doses, <50 y

0.985

0.750

1.000

[20]

Efficacy of 3 doses, 50 + y

0.840

0.750

1.000

[21]

Efficacy of 2-dose vaccine strategy

1 dose only, 19–39 y

0.305

0.270

0.340

[22]

1 dose only, ≥ 40 y

0.185

0.159

0.210

[22]

2 doses, 19–29 y

0.999

[23]

2 doses, 30–39 y

0.989

0.981

0.997

[23]

2 doses, 40–49 y

0.972

0.962

0.982

[23]

2 doses, 50–59 y

0.952

0.941

0.963

[23]

2 doses, ≥ 60 y

0.916

0.900

0.932

[23]

Vaccination costs, 2019 USD

1 dose of HepB, 3-dose series

58.95

44.21 (−25%)

73.69 (+25%)

[24]

1 dose of HepB, 2-dose series

115.75

86.81 (−25%)

144.69 (+25%)

[24]

Administration of 1 dose of HepB

27.85

20.89 (−25%)

34.81 (+25%)

[25, 26]

Hepatitis B surface antibody test

10.74

8.06 (−25%)

13.43 (+25%)

[27]

Hepatitis B core antibody total test

12.05

9.04 (−25%)

15.06 (+25%)

[27]

Hepatitis B surface antigen test

10.33

7.75 (−25%)

12.91 (+25%)

[27]

Time for receiving 1 dose of HepB

82.65

61.99 (−25%)

103.31 (+25%)

[28]

Travel to receive 1 dose of HepB

20.00

10.00 (−50%)

30.00 (+50%)

Assumption

Table 1.

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Selected Input Variables Used in Cost-Utility Analysis of Universal Adult Hepatitis B Vaccination, United States^a

Input	Base Case	Lower	Upper	Reference
Proportion of population that is at higher risk	0.300	0.150	0.450	[13]
Active CHB prevalence, persons at lower risk
19–49 y	0.0034	0.0025	0.0047	[14]
≥50 y	0.0039	0.0027	0.0056	[14]
Active CHB prevalence, persons at higher risk	0.030	0.010	0.050	[15]
Proportion aware of CHB infection	0.339	0.167	0.511	[16]
Current vaccination coverage, persons at lower risk
19–29 y	0.921	0.700	0.990	[17]
≥30 y	0.000	0.000	0.200	Assumption
Current vaccination coverage, persons at higher risk
19–29 y	0.921	0.700	0.990	[17]
30–49 y	0.329	0.100	0.500	[9]
≥50 y	0.159	0.100	0.350	[9]
Proportion that forget about vaccination
19–49 y	0.300	0.236	0.364	[18]
50 + y	0.192	0.138	0.245	[18]
Proportion that receive dose 2, given dose 1	0.819	0.716	0.819	[19]
Proportion that receive dose 3, given dose 2	0.800	0.542	0.800	[19]
Efficacy of 3-dose vaccine strategy
Efficacy of 1 dose only	0.308	0.200	0.400	[20]
Efficacy of 2 doses only	0.782	0.700	0.800	[20]
Efficacy of 3 doses, <50 y	0.985	0.750	1.000	[20]
Efficacy of 3 doses, 50 + y	0.840	0.750	1.000	[21]
Efficacy of 2-dose vaccine strategy
1 dose only, 19–39 y	0.305	0.270	0.340	[22]
1 dose only, ≥ 40 y	0.185	0.159	0.210	[22]
2 doses, 19–29 y	0.999	0.999	0.999	[23]
2 doses, 30–39 y	0.989	0.981	0.997	[23]
2 doses, 40–49 y	0.972	0.962	0.982	[23]
2 doses, 50–59 y	0.952	0.941	0.963	[23]
2 doses, ≥ 60 y	0.916	0.900	0.932	[23]
Vaccination costs, 2019 USD
1 dose of HepB, 3-dose series	58.95	44.21 (−25%)	73.69 (+25%)	[24]
1 dose of HepB, 2-dose series	115.75	86.81 (−25%)	144.69 (+25%)	[24]
Administration of 1 dose of HepB	27.85	20.89 (−25%)	34.81 (+25%)	[25, 26]
Hepatitis B surface antibody test	10.74	8.06 (−25%)	13.43 (+25%)	[27]
Hepatitis B core antibody total test	12.05	9.04 (−25%)	15.06 (+25%)	[27]
Hepatitis B surface antigen test	10.33	7.75 (−25%)	12.91 (+25%)	[27]
Time for receiving 1 dose of HepB	82.65	61.99 (−25%)	103.31 (+25%)	[28]
Travel to receive 1 dose of HepB	20.00	10.00 (−50%)	30.00 (+50%)	Assumption

Input	Base Case	Lower	Upper	Reference
Proportion of population that is at higher risk	0.300	0.150	0.450	[13]
Active CHB prevalence, persons at lower risk
19–49 y	0.0034	0.0025	0.0047	[14]
≥50 y	0.0039	0.0027	0.0056	[14]
Active CHB prevalence, persons at higher risk	0.030	0.010	0.050	[15]
Proportion aware of CHB infection	0.339	0.167	0.511	[16]
Current vaccination coverage, persons at lower risk
19–29 y	0.921	0.700	0.990	[17]
≥30 y	0.000	0.000	0.200	Assumption
Current vaccination coverage, persons at higher risk
19–29 y	0.921	0.700	0.990	[17]
30–49 y	0.329	0.100	0.500	[9]
≥50 y	0.159	0.100	0.350	[9]
Proportion that forget about vaccination
19–49 y	0.300	0.236	0.364	[18]
50 + y	0.192	0.138	0.245	[18]
Proportion that receive dose 2, given dose 1	0.819	0.716	0.819	[19]
Proportion that receive dose 3, given dose 2	0.800	0.542	0.800	[19]
Efficacy of 3-dose vaccine strategy
Efficacy of 1 dose only	0.308	0.200	0.400	[20]
Efficacy of 2 doses only	0.782	0.700	0.800	[20]
Efficacy of 3 doses, <50 y	0.985	0.750	1.000	[20]
Efficacy of 3 doses, 50 + y	0.840	0.750	1.000	[21]
Efficacy of 2-dose vaccine strategy
1 dose only, 19–39 y	0.305	0.270	0.340	[22]
1 dose only, ≥ 40 y	0.185	0.159	0.210	[22]
2 doses, 19–29 y	0.999	0.999	0.999	[23]
2 doses, 30–39 y	0.989	0.981	0.997	[23]
2 doses, 40–49 y	0.972	0.962	0.982	[23]
2 doses, 50–59 y	0.952	0.941	0.963	[23]
2 doses, ≥ 60 y	0.916	0.900	0.932	[23]
Vaccination costs, 2019 USD
1 dose of HepB, 3-dose series	58.95	44.21 (−25%)	73.69 (+25%)	[24]
1 dose of HepB, 2-dose series	115.75	86.81 (−25%)	144.69 (+25%)	[24]
Administration of 1 dose of HepB	27.85	20.89 (−25%)	34.81 (+25%)	[25, 26]
Hepatitis B surface antibody test	10.74	8.06 (−25%)	13.43 (+25%)	[27]
Hepatitis B core antibody total test	12.05	9.04 (−25%)	15.06 (+25%)	[27]
Hepatitis B surface antigen test	10.33	7.75 (−25%)	12.91 (+25%)	[27]
Time for receiving 1 dose of HepB	82.65	61.99 (−25%)	103.31 (+25%)	[28]
Travel to receive 1 dose of HepB	20.00	10.00 (−50%)	30.00 (+50%)	Assumption

The upper and lower bounds for vaccination cost inputs are defined by a percentage increase above and below the base case value.

Abbreviations: CHB, chronic hepatitis B; HepB, hepatitis B vaccine; USD, United States dollars.

A complete and detailed list of input epidemiological and cost variables used in the model and analyses are provided in the Supplementary Tables 1–4.

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