Table 1. Open in new tab Demographics...

Study

Year

Country

Sample Size

Age (y)

Gender (Male, %)

Disease Location

Number of Active Patients/Activity Score

Resection

Wilson et al³²

2020

Canada

CD, n = 74

18-72

41.9

Ileum (32), L2 (6), L3 (36)

30 (HBI)

Ctrl, n = 71

19-71

39.4

Weng et al⁴²

2019

China

CD, n = 173

21-39

66.5

Ileum (48), L2(25), L3(100), L4(17)

91 (CDAI)

N/A

UC, n = 107

30-53

64.5

E1 (25), E2 (34), E3 (48)

94 (Mayo score)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 42

38-52

66.7

Roda et al⁶⁵

2019

Greece

CD, n = 40

>18

N/A

L1B1 (19), L1B2 (3), L1B3 (1), L2B1 (3), L2B3 (1), L3B1 (6), L3B2 (2), L3B3 (1), L4B1 (1), N/A (3)

12 (HBI); 3 (N/A)

N/A

UC, n = 40

>18

N/A

E2 (13), E3 (27)

17 (Mayo score), 2 (N/A)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 20

N/A

Franzosa et al³⁴

2019

USA

IBD, n = 121 (68 CD, 53UC)

M ± SD = 41.7 ± 16.9

47.7

N/A

Ctrl, n = 34

Das et al³⁵

2019

USA

CD, n = 44

N/A

UC, n = 21

N/A

Ctrl, n = 18

N/A

Murakami et al⁴⁸

2018

Japan

CD, n = 14

18-52

85.7

Ileum (3), L2 (1), L3 (10)

N/A

UC, n = 12

20-68

E2 (1), E3 (11)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 30

25-50

63.3

Martin et al³⁸

2017

Switzerland

IBD, n = 21 (15 CD, 6 UC)

M = 14.8

38.1

N/A

0 (PCDAI, PUCAI)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 27

M = 12.9

59.3

Jacobs et al³³

2016

USA

IBD, n = 36 (26 CD, 10 UC)

N/A

0 (HBI, Mayo score)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 54

N/A

Duboc et al¹⁴

2013

France

Active IBD, n = 23 (7 CD, 16 UC)

M ± SEM = 37.0 ± 15

L2 (7); E1 (2), E2 (6), E3 (7)

23 (CD: HBI; UC: PTI)

N/A

IBD in remission, n = 19 (5 CD, 14 UC)

38.7 ± 14

L2 (5); E2 (4), E3 (8)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 29

34.6 ± 14

Le Gall et al⁶⁰

2011

UC, n = 13

26-63

38.5

N/A

2(1-6) score (Mayo score)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 22

36-60

31.8

Vertzoni et al⁶¹

2010

Athens

UC, n = 12

18-61

58.3

N/A

12 (CRI)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 12

19-28

Jansson et al⁴¹

2009

Sweden

CD, n = 14

20-70

64.3

Ileum (5), L2 (6), L3 (2), L3 + L4(1)

2 (HBI), 0 (ERS)

Ileal resection + right-sided hemicolectomy (3), ileocecal resection (3), segmental colonic resection (1), ileal resection (1)

Ctrl, n = 10

N/A

Lapidus et al⁵⁴

1998

Sweden

CD, n = 10

34-61

N/A

Ileal resection (10): M (range): 134 (100-230) cm

Ctrl, n = 10

30-73

Hakala et al⁵⁶

1997

Finland

UC, n = 24

24-56

45.8

N/A

Ileoanal anastomosis with double-limb J-shaped pouch (24)

Ctrl, n = 20

50 (all)

100

Natori et al⁵⁷

1992

Japan

UC, n = 10

23-50

N/A

Ctrl, n = 5

27-49

100

Lapidus et al⁵⁵

1991

Sweden

CD, n = 10

M = 41

N/A

Ileal resection (10): M (range): 64 (20-160) cm

Ctrl, n = 60

21-74

51.7

Ejderhamn and Strandvik⁵⁹

1991

Sweden

Active UC, n = 7

7-16

N/A

E3 (7)

N/A

UC in remission, n = 9

9-17

N/A

E3 (9)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 9

7-14

N/A

Ejderhamn et al³⁶

1991

Sweden

IBD, n = 18 (2 CD, 16 UC)

10-17

N/A

CD: L2 (1), L3 (1); UC: E2 (4), E3 (12)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 5

10-17

N/A

Tougaard et al⁵³

1986

Denmark

CD, n = 30

21-78

26.7

L1 (30)

N/A

Ileal resection (19): range 15-80 cm

Ctrl, n = 11

27-48

36.4

Tanida et al⁵⁸

1986

Japan

UC, n = 14

14-47

42.9

E1 (2), hemi-colon (8), E3 (4)

6 mild, 6 moderate, 2 severe

N/A

Ctrl, n = 12

33 ± 8

91.7

Rutgeerts et al⁴⁵

1986

Belgium

Non-operated CD, n = 56

Ileitis = 19-43;
L2 = 18-37;
L3 = 18-42

37.5

Ileum (21), L2 (14), L3 (21)

Ileitis: 257 (87-402) score; L2: 355 (194-493) score; L3: 344 (188-502) score (CDAI)

Operated CD, n = 9

32-57

66.7

N/A

Ileal resection: M (range) = 56 (25-125) cm

Ctrl, n = 21

20-51

52.4

Kruis et al³⁷

1986

Germany

CD, n = 10

18-53

Ileum (4), L3 (4)

6 (CDAI)

Ileotransversostomy (2)

UC, n = 6

23-56

E2 (2), E3 (4)

Ctrl, n = 5

22-31

Karbach et al⁴⁴

1986

Germany

CD, n = 45

N/A

Ileal involvement: <30 cm (19), 30-150 cm (11)

Ileal resection (15) = >30cm

Ctrl, n = 10

N/A

Koga et al³⁹

1984

Japan

CD, n = 9

16-28

55.6

Ileum (4), L3 (2), Jejunum + L3 (3)

137.1 ± 63.6 score (CDAI)

Ctrl, n = 6

19-24

Linnet et al⁴³

1983

Denmark

CD, n = 17

20-71

47.1

No effect (3), ileum (8), ileum + colon/rectum (6)

11 slight, 1 moderate

Ileal resection (3): 45 (20-90) cm, ileum + right hemicolectomy (4)

Ctrl, n = 17

18-56

52.9

Fiasse et al⁴⁰

1983

Belgium

Nonoperated CD, n = 45

14-65

57.8

Ileum (29), colon + cecum (3), L3 + cecum (13)

N/A

17 patients underwent ileal resection after first evaluation

Operated CD, n = 75

15-64

N/A

Ileal resection (75)

Ctrl, n = 10

23-48

Rutgeerts et al⁵⁰

1982

Belgium

CD, n = 17

17-42

47.1

L1 (11), L3 (6)

L1 = 185-480 score; L3 = 335-452 score (CDAI)

Ctrl, n = 10

23-55

Nishida et al⁵²

1982

Japan

CD, n = 8

16-44

62.5

Ileum (3), ileum + cecum (1), ileum + jejunum (3), L3 (1)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 4

19-50

Heuman et al⁴⁷

1982

Sweden

CD, n = 15

24-64

46.7

N/A

Ileal resection + partial colectomy (7)

Ctrl, n = 46

20-60

N/A

Suchy and Balistreri⁴⁹

1981

United States

Newly diagnosed CD, n = 10

9-17 (9 children), 34(1 adult)

N/A

L1 (7), upper small bowel (3)

243.1 ± 19.3 score (CDAI)

Previously diagnosed CD, n = 10

10-18 (9 children), 32 (1 adult)

N/A

L1 (10)

7 (CDAI)

Ctrl, n = 16

2-16

N/A

Mudd et al⁶²

1980

Northern Ireland

UC, n = 11

23-72

63.6

N/A

Ctrl (N/A)

Age- and sex-matched

Rutgeerts et al⁴⁶

1979

Belgium

CD, n = 10

17-46

L2 (10)

8 (CDAI)

Ctrl 1, n = 10

19-63

Ctrl 2, n = 14

23-64

N/A

Vantrappen et al⁵¹

1977

Belgium

CD, n = 13

17-50

69.2

Ileum (1), L3 (12)

8 (CDAI)

Ctrl, n = 10

19-63

Reddy et al⁶³

1977

United States

UC, n = 15

M = 34

N/A

Ctrl, n = 40

M = 44

Miettinen⁶⁴

1971

Finland

UC, n = 15

17-52

Limited to the large bowel

N/A

Proctocolectomy (1)

Ctrl, n = 40

M = 29

N/A

Study

Year

Country

Sample Size

Age (y)

Gender (Male, %)

Disease Location

Number of Active Patients/Activity Score

Resection

Wilson et al³²

2020

Canada

CD, n = 74

18-72

41.9

Ileum (32), L2 (6), L3 (36)

30 (HBI)

Ctrl, n = 71

19-71

39.4

Weng et al⁴²

2019

China

CD, n = 173

21-39

66.5

Ileum (48), L2(25), L3(100), L4(17)

91 (CDAI)

N/A

UC, n = 107

30-53

64.5

E1 (25), E2 (34), E3 (48)

94 (Mayo score)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 42

38-52

66.7

Roda et al⁶⁵

2019

Greece

CD, n = 40

>18

N/A

L1B1 (19), L1B2 (3), L1B3 (1), L2B1 (3), L2B3 (1), L3B1 (6), L3B2 (2), L3B3 (1), L4B1 (1), N/A (3)

12 (HBI); 3 (N/A)

N/A

UC, n = 40

>18

N/A

E2 (13), E3 (27)

17 (Mayo score), 2 (N/A)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 20

N/A

Franzosa et al³⁴

2019

USA

IBD, n = 121 (68 CD, 53UC)

M ± SD = 41.7 ± 16.9

47.7

N/A

Ctrl, n = 34

Das et al³⁵

2019

USA

CD, n = 44

N/A

UC, n = 21

N/A

Ctrl, n = 18

N/A

Murakami et al⁴⁸

2018

Japan

CD, n = 14

18-52

85.7

Ileum (3), L2 (1), L3 (10)

N/A

UC, n = 12

20-68

E2 (1), E3 (11)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 30

25-50

63.3

Martin et al³⁸

2017

Switzerland

IBD, n = 21 (15 CD, 6 UC)

M = 14.8

38.1

N/A

0 (PCDAI, PUCAI)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 27

M = 12.9

59.3

Jacobs et al³³

2016

USA

IBD, n = 36 (26 CD, 10 UC)

N/A

0 (HBI, Mayo score)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 54

N/A

Duboc et al¹⁴

2013

France

Active IBD, n = 23 (7 CD, 16 UC)

M ± SEM = 37.0 ± 15

L2 (7); E1 (2), E2 (6), E3 (7)

23 (CD: HBI; UC: PTI)

N/A

IBD in remission, n = 19 (5 CD, 14 UC)

38.7 ± 14

L2 (5); E2 (4), E3 (8)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 29

34.6 ± 14

Le Gall et al⁶⁰

2011

UC, n = 13

26-63

38.5

N/A

2(1-6) score (Mayo score)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 22

36-60

31.8

Vertzoni et al⁶¹

2010

Athens

UC, n = 12

18-61

58.3

N/A

12 (CRI)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 12

19-28

Jansson et al⁴¹

2009

Sweden

CD, n = 14

20-70

64.3

Ileum (5), L2 (6), L3 (2), L3 + L4(1)

2 (HBI), 0 (ERS)

Ileal resection + right-sided hemicolectomy (3), ileocecal resection (3), segmental colonic resection (1), ileal resection (1)

Ctrl, n = 10

N/A

Lapidus et al⁵⁴

1998

Sweden

CD, n = 10

34-61

N/A

Ileal resection (10): M (range): 134 (100-230) cm

Ctrl, n = 10

30-73

Hakala et al⁵⁶

1997

Finland

UC, n = 24

24-56

45.8

N/A

Ileoanal anastomosis with double-limb J-shaped pouch (24)

Ctrl, n = 20

50 (all)

100

Natori et al⁵⁷

1992

Japan

UC, n = 10

23-50

N/A

Ctrl, n = 5

27-49

100

Lapidus et al⁵⁵

1991

Sweden

CD, n = 10

M = 41

N/A

Ileal resection (10): M (range): 64 (20-160) cm

Ctrl, n = 60

21-74

51.7

Ejderhamn and Strandvik⁵⁹

1991

Sweden

Active UC, n = 7

7-16

N/A

E3 (7)

N/A

UC in remission, n = 9

9-17

N/A

E3 (9)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 9

7-14

N/A

Ejderhamn et al³⁶

1991

Sweden

IBD, n = 18 (2 CD, 16 UC)

10-17

N/A

CD: L2 (1), L3 (1); UC: E2 (4), E3 (12)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 5

10-17

N/A

Tougaard et al⁵³

1986

Denmark

CD, n = 30

21-78

26.7

L1 (30)

N/A

Ileal resection (19): range 15-80 cm

Ctrl, n = 11

27-48

36.4

Tanida et al⁵⁸

1986

Japan

UC, n = 14

14-47

42.9

E1 (2), hemi-colon (8), E3 (4)

6 mild, 6 moderate, 2 severe

N/A

Ctrl, n = 12

33 ± 8

91.7

Rutgeerts et al⁴⁵

1986

Belgium

Non-operated CD, n = 56

Ileitis = 19-43;
L2 = 18-37;
L3 = 18-42

37.5

Ileum (21), L2 (14), L3 (21)

Ileitis: 257 (87-402) score; L2: 355 (194-493) score; L3: 344 (188-502) score (CDAI)

Operated CD, n = 9

32-57

66.7

N/A

Ileal resection: M (range) = 56 (25-125) cm

Ctrl, n = 21

20-51

52.4

Kruis et al³⁷

1986

Germany

CD, n = 10

18-53

Ileum (4), L3 (4)

6 (CDAI)

Ileotransversostomy (2)

UC, n = 6

23-56

E2 (2), E3 (4)

Ctrl, n = 5

22-31

Karbach et al⁴⁴

1986

Germany

CD, n = 45

N/A

Ileal involvement: <30 cm (19), 30-150 cm (11)

Ileal resection (15) = >30cm

Ctrl, n = 10

N/A

Koga et al³⁹

1984

Japan

CD, n = 9

16-28

55.6

Ileum (4), L3 (2), Jejunum + L3 (3)

137.1 ± 63.6 score (CDAI)

Ctrl, n = 6

19-24

Linnet et al⁴³

1983

Denmark

CD, n = 17

20-71

47.1

No effect (3), ileum (8), ileum + colon/rectum (6)

11 slight, 1 moderate

Ileal resection (3): 45 (20-90) cm, ileum + right hemicolectomy (4)

Ctrl, n = 17

18-56

52.9

Fiasse et al⁴⁰

1983

Belgium

Nonoperated CD, n = 45

14-65

57.8

Ileum (29), colon + cecum (3), L3 + cecum (13)

N/A

17 patients underwent ileal resection after first evaluation

Operated CD, n = 75

15-64

N/A

Ileal resection (75)

Ctrl, n = 10

23-48

Rutgeerts et al⁵⁰

1982

Belgium

CD, n = 17

17-42

47.1

L1 (11), L3 (6)

L1 = 185-480 score; L3 = 335-452 score (CDAI)

Ctrl, n = 10

23-55

Nishida et al⁵²

1982

Japan

CD, n = 8

16-44

62.5

Ileum (3), ileum + cecum (1), ileum + jejunum (3), L3 (1)

N/A

Ctrl, n = 4

19-50

Heuman et al⁴⁷

1982

Sweden

CD, n = 15

24-64

46.7

N/A

Ileal resection + partial colectomy (7)

Ctrl, n = 46

20-60

N/A

Suchy and Balistreri⁴⁹

1981

United States

Newly diagnosed CD, n = 10

9-17 (9 children), 34(1 adult)

N/A

L1 (7), upper small bowel (3)

243.1 ± 19.3 score (CDAI)

Previously diagnosed CD, n = 10

10-18 (9 children), 32 (1 adult)

N/A

L1 (10)

7 (CDAI)

Ctrl, n = 16

2-16

N/A

Mudd et al⁶²

1980

Northern Ireland

UC, n = 11

23-72

63.6

N/A

Ctrl (N/A)

Age- and sex-matched

Rutgeerts et al⁴⁶

1979

Belgium

CD, n = 10

17-46

L2 (10)

8 (CDAI)

Ctrl 1, n = 10

19-63

Ctrl 2, n = 14

23-64

N/A

Vantrappen et al⁵¹

1977

Belgium

CD, n = 13

17-50

69.2

Ileum (1), L3 (12)

8 (CDAI)

Ctrl, n = 10

19-63

Reddy et al⁶³

1977

United States

UC, n = 15

M = 34

N/A

Ctrl, n = 40

M = 44

Miettinen⁶⁴

1971

Finland

UC, n = 15

17-52

Limited to the large bowel

N/A

Proctocolectomy (1)

Ctrl, n = 40

M = 29

N/A

Table 1.

Open in new tab

Demographics and Critical Clinical Characteristics of Patients With IBD in Included Studies

Study	Year	Country	Sample Size	Age (y)	Gender (Male, %)	Disease Location	Number of Active Patients/Activity Score	Resection
Wilson et al³²	2020	Canada	CD, n = 74	18-72	41.9	Ileum (32), L2 (6), L3 (36)	30 (HBI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 71	19-71	39.4
Weng et al⁴²	2019	China	CD, n = 173	21-39	66.5	Ileum (48), L2(25), L3(100), L4(17)	91 (CDAI)	N/A
			UC, n = 107	30-53	64.5	E1 (25), E2 (34), E3 (48)	94 (Mayo score)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 42	38-52	66.7
Roda et al⁶⁵	2019	Greece	CD, n = 40	>18	N/A	L1B1 (19), L1B2 (3), L1B3 (1), L2B1 (3), L2B3 (1), L3B1 (6), L3B2 (2), L3B3 (1), L4B1 (1), N/A (3)	12 (HBI); 3 (N/A)	N/A
			UC, n = 40	>18	N/A	E2 (13), E3 (27)	17 (Mayo score), 2 (N/A)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 20	N/A	N/A
Franzosa et al³⁴	2019	USA	IBD, n = 121 (68 CD, 53UC)	M ± SD = 41.7 ± 16.9	47.7	N/A	N/A	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 34
Das et al³⁵	2019	USA	CD, n = 44	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0
			UC, n = 21	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0
			Ctrl, n = 18	N/A	N/A
Murakami et al⁴⁸	2018	Japan	CD, n = 14	18-52	85.7	Ileum (3), L2 (1), L3 (10)	N/A	N/A
			UC, n = 12	20-68	75	E2 (1), E3 (11)	N/A	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 30	25-50	63.3
Martin et al³⁸	2017	Switzerland	IBD, n = 21 (15 CD, 6 UC)	M = 14.8	38.1	N/A	0 (PCDAI, PUCAI)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 27	M = 12.9	59.3
Jacobs et al³³	2016	USA	IBD, n = 36 (26 CD, 10 UC)	N/A	N/A	N/A	0 (HBI, Mayo score)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 54	N/A	N/A
Duboc et al¹⁴	2013	France	Active IBD, n = 23 (7 CD, 16 UC)	M ± SEM = 37.0 ± 15	43	L2 (7); E1 (2), E2 (6), E3 (7)	23 (CD: HBI; UC: PTI)	N/A
			IBD in remission, n = 19 (5 CD, 14 UC)	38.7 ± 14	58	L2 (5); E2 (4), E3 (8)	0	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 29	34.6 ± 14	38
Le Gall et al⁶⁰	2011	UK	UC, n = 13	26-63	38.5	N/A	2(1-6) score (Mayo score)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 22	36-60	31.8
Vertzoni et al⁶¹	2010	Athens	UC, n = 12	18-61	58.3	N/A	12 (CRI)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 12	19-28	50
Jansson et al⁴¹	2009	Sweden	CD, n = 14	20-70	64.3	Ileum (5), L2 (6), L3 (2), L3 + L4(1)	2 (HBI), 0 (ERS)	Ileal resection + right-sided hemicolectomy (3), ileocecal resection (3), segmental colonic resection (1), ileal resection (1)
			Ctrl, n = 10	N/A	N/A
Lapidus et al⁵⁴	1998	Sweden	CD, n = 10	34-61	50	N/A	0	Ileal resection (10): M (range): 134 (100-230) cm
			Ctrl, n = 10	30-73	60
Hakala et al⁵⁶	1997	Finland	UC, n = 24	24-56	45.8	N/A	N/A	Ileoanal anastomosis with double-limb J-shaped pouch (24)
			Ctrl, n = 20	50 (all)	100
Natori et al⁵⁷	1992	Japan	UC, n = 10	23-50	50	N/A	N/A	0
			Ctrl, n = 5	27-49	100
Lapidus et al⁵⁵	1991	Sweden	CD, n = 10	M = 41	40	N/A	0	Ileal resection (10): M (range): 64 (20-160) cm
			Ctrl, n = 60	21-74	51.7
Ejderhamn and Strandvik⁵⁹	1991	Sweden	Active UC, n = 7	7-16	N/A	E3 (7)	7	N/A
			UC in remission, n = 9	9-17	N/A	E3 (9)	0	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 9	7-14	N/A
Ejderhamn et al³⁶	1991	Sweden	IBD, n = 18 (2 CD, 16 UC)	10-17	N/A	CD: L2 (1), L3 (1); UC: E2 (4), E3 (12)	0	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 5	10-17	N/A
Tougaard et al⁵³	1986	Denmark	CD, n = 30	21-78	26.7	L1 (30)	N/A	Ileal resection (19): range 15-80 cm
			Ctrl, n = 11	27-48	36.4
Tanida et al⁵⁸	1986	Japan	UC, n = 14	14-47	42.9	E1 (2), hemi-colon (8), E3 (4)	6 mild, 6 moderate, 2 severe	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 12	33 ± 8	91.7
Rutgeerts et al⁴⁵	1986	Belgium	Non-operated CD, n = 56	Ileitis = 19-43; L2 = 18-37; L3 = 18-42	37.5	Ileum (21), L2 (14), L3 (21)	Ileitis: 257 (87-402) score; L2: 355 (194-493) score; L3: 344 (188-502) score (CDAI)	0
			Operated CD, n = 9	32-57	66.7	N/A	N/A	Ileal resection: M (range) = 56 (25-125) cm
			Ctrl, n = 21	20-51	52.4
Kruis et al³⁷	1986	Germany	CD, n = 10	18-53	40	Ileum (4), L3 (4)	6 (CDAI)	Ileotransversostomy (2)
			UC, n = 6	23-56	50	E2 (2), E3 (4)	2	0
			Ctrl, n = 5	22-31	40
Karbach et al⁴⁴	1986	Germany	CD, n = 45	N/A	N/A	Ileal involvement: <30 cm (19), 30-150 cm (11)	36	Ileal resection (15) = >30cm
			Ctrl, n = 10	N/A	N/A
Koga et al³⁹	1984	Japan	CD, n = 9	16-28	55.6	Ileum (4), L3 (2), Jejunum + L3 (3)	137.1 ± 63.6 score (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 6	19-24	50
Linnet et al⁴³	1983	Denmark	CD, n = 17	20-71	47.1	No effect (3), ileum (8), ileum + colon/rectum (6)	11 slight, 1 moderate	Ileal resection (3): 45 (20-90) cm, ileum + right hemicolectomy (4)
			Ctrl, n = 17	18-56	52.9
Fiasse et al⁴⁰	1983	Belgium	Nonoperated CD, n = 45	14-65	57.8	Ileum (29), colon + cecum (3), L3 + cecum (13)	N/A	17 patients underwent ileal resection after first evaluation
			Operated CD, n = 75	15-64	N/A	N/A	N/A	Ileal resection (75)
			Ctrl, n = 10	23-48	80
Rutgeerts et al⁵⁰	1982	Belgium	CD, n = 17	17-42	47.1	L1 (11), L3 (6)	L1 = 185-480 score; L3 = 335-452 score (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 10	23-55	40
Nishida et al⁵²	1982	Japan	CD, n = 8	16-44	62.5	Ileum (3), ileum + cecum (1), ileum + jejunum (3), L3 (1)	N/A	0
			Ctrl, n = 4	19-50	75
Heuman et al⁴⁷	1982	Sweden	CD, n = 15	24-64	46.7	N/A	N/A	Ileal resection + partial colectomy (7)
			Ctrl, n = 46	20-60	N/A
Suchy and Balistreri⁴⁹	1981	United States	Newly diagnosed CD, n = 10	9-17 (9 children), 34(1 adult)	N/A	L1 (7), upper small bowel (3)	243.1 ± 19.3 score (CDAI)	0
			Previously diagnosed CD, n = 10	10-18 (9 children), 32 (1 adult)	N/A	L1 (10)	7 (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 16	2-16	N/A
Mudd et al⁶²	1980	Northern Ireland	UC, n = 11	23-72	63.6	N/A	N/A	N/A
			Ctrl (N/A)	Age- and sex-matched
Rutgeerts et al⁴⁶	1979	Belgium	CD, n = 10	17-46	20	L2 (10)	8 (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl 1, n = 10	19-63	60
			Ctrl 2, n = 14	23-64	N/A
Vantrappen et al⁵¹	1977	Belgium	CD, n = 13	17-50	69.2	Ileum (1), L3 (12)	8 (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 10	19-63	60
Reddy et al⁶³	1977	United States	UC, n = 15	M = 34	40	N/A	N/A	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 40	M = 44	48
Miettinen⁶⁴	1971	Finland	UC, n = 15	17-52	60	Limited to the large bowel	N/A	Proctocolectomy (1)
			Ctrl, n = 40	M = 29	N/A

Study	Year	Country	Sample Size	Age (y)	Gender (Male, %)	Disease Location	Number of Active Patients/Activity Score	Resection
Wilson et al³²	2020	Canada	CD, n = 74	18-72	41.9	Ileum (32), L2 (6), L3 (36)	30 (HBI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 71	19-71	39.4
Weng et al⁴²	2019	China	CD, n = 173	21-39	66.5	Ileum (48), L2(25), L3(100), L4(17)	91 (CDAI)	N/A
			UC, n = 107	30-53	64.5	E1 (25), E2 (34), E3 (48)	94 (Mayo score)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 42	38-52	66.7
Roda et al⁶⁵	2019	Greece	CD, n = 40	>18	N/A	L1B1 (19), L1B2 (3), L1B3 (1), L2B1 (3), L2B3 (1), L3B1 (6), L3B2 (2), L3B3 (1), L4B1 (1), N/A (3)	12 (HBI); 3 (N/A)	N/A
			UC, n = 40	>18	N/A	E2 (13), E3 (27)	17 (Mayo score), 2 (N/A)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 20	N/A	N/A
Franzosa et al³⁴	2019	USA	IBD, n = 121 (68 CD, 53UC)	M ± SD = 41.7 ± 16.9	47.7	N/A	N/A	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 34
Das et al³⁵	2019	USA	CD, n = 44	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0
			UC, n = 21	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	0
			Ctrl, n = 18	N/A	N/A
Murakami et al⁴⁸	2018	Japan	CD, n = 14	18-52	85.7	Ileum (3), L2 (1), L3 (10)	N/A	N/A
			UC, n = 12	20-68	75	E2 (1), E3 (11)	N/A	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 30	25-50	63.3
Martin et al³⁸	2017	Switzerland	IBD, n = 21 (15 CD, 6 UC)	M = 14.8	38.1	N/A	0 (PCDAI, PUCAI)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 27	M = 12.9	59.3
Jacobs et al³³	2016	USA	IBD, n = 36 (26 CD, 10 UC)	N/A	N/A	N/A	0 (HBI, Mayo score)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 54	N/A	N/A
Duboc et al¹⁴	2013	France	Active IBD, n = 23 (7 CD, 16 UC)	M ± SEM = 37.0 ± 15	43	L2 (7); E1 (2), E2 (6), E3 (7)	23 (CD: HBI; UC: PTI)	N/A
			IBD in remission, n = 19 (5 CD, 14 UC)	38.7 ± 14	58	L2 (5); E2 (4), E3 (8)	0	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 29	34.6 ± 14	38
Le Gall et al⁶⁰	2011	UK	UC, n = 13	26-63	38.5	N/A	2(1-6) score (Mayo score)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 22	36-60	31.8
Vertzoni et al⁶¹	2010	Athens	UC, n = 12	18-61	58.3	N/A	12 (CRI)	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 12	19-28	50
Jansson et al⁴¹	2009	Sweden	CD, n = 14	20-70	64.3	Ileum (5), L2 (6), L3 (2), L3 + L4(1)	2 (HBI), 0 (ERS)	Ileal resection + right-sided hemicolectomy (3), ileocecal resection (3), segmental colonic resection (1), ileal resection (1)
			Ctrl, n = 10	N/A	N/A
Lapidus et al⁵⁴	1998	Sweden	CD, n = 10	34-61	50	N/A	0	Ileal resection (10): M (range): 134 (100-230) cm
			Ctrl, n = 10	30-73	60
Hakala et al⁵⁶	1997	Finland	UC, n = 24	24-56	45.8	N/A	N/A	Ileoanal anastomosis with double-limb J-shaped pouch (24)
			Ctrl, n = 20	50 (all)	100
Natori et al⁵⁷	1992	Japan	UC, n = 10	23-50	50	N/A	N/A	0
			Ctrl, n = 5	27-49	100
Lapidus et al⁵⁵	1991	Sweden	CD, n = 10	M = 41	40	N/A	0	Ileal resection (10): M (range): 64 (20-160) cm
			Ctrl, n = 60	21-74	51.7
Ejderhamn and Strandvik⁵⁹	1991	Sweden	Active UC, n = 7	7-16	N/A	E3 (7)	7	N/A
			UC in remission, n = 9	9-17	N/A	E3 (9)	0	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 9	7-14	N/A
Ejderhamn et al³⁶	1991	Sweden	IBD, n = 18 (2 CD, 16 UC)	10-17	N/A	CD: L2 (1), L3 (1); UC: E2 (4), E3 (12)	0	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 5	10-17	N/A
Tougaard et al⁵³	1986	Denmark	CD, n = 30	21-78	26.7	L1 (30)	N/A	Ileal resection (19): range 15-80 cm
			Ctrl, n = 11	27-48	36.4
Tanida et al⁵⁸	1986	Japan	UC, n = 14	14-47	42.9	E1 (2), hemi-colon (8), E3 (4)	6 mild, 6 moderate, 2 severe	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 12	33 ± 8	91.7
Rutgeerts et al⁴⁵	1986	Belgium	Non-operated CD, n = 56	Ileitis = 19-43; L2 = 18-37; L3 = 18-42	37.5	Ileum (21), L2 (14), L3 (21)	Ileitis: 257 (87-402) score; L2: 355 (194-493) score; L3: 344 (188-502) score (CDAI)	0
			Operated CD, n = 9	32-57	66.7	N/A	N/A	Ileal resection: M (range) = 56 (25-125) cm
			Ctrl, n = 21	20-51	52.4
Kruis et al³⁷	1986	Germany	CD, n = 10	18-53	40	Ileum (4), L3 (4)	6 (CDAI)	Ileotransversostomy (2)
			UC, n = 6	23-56	50	E2 (2), E3 (4)	2	0
			Ctrl, n = 5	22-31	40
Karbach et al⁴⁴	1986	Germany	CD, n = 45	N/A	N/A	Ileal involvement: <30 cm (19), 30-150 cm (11)	36	Ileal resection (15) = >30cm
			Ctrl, n = 10	N/A	N/A
Koga et al³⁹	1984	Japan	CD, n = 9	16-28	55.6	Ileum (4), L3 (2), Jejunum + L3 (3)	137.1 ± 63.6 score (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 6	19-24	50
Linnet et al⁴³	1983	Denmark	CD, n = 17	20-71	47.1	No effect (3), ileum (8), ileum + colon/rectum (6)	11 slight, 1 moderate	Ileal resection (3): 45 (20-90) cm, ileum + right hemicolectomy (4)
			Ctrl, n = 17	18-56	52.9
Fiasse et al⁴⁰	1983	Belgium	Nonoperated CD, n = 45	14-65	57.8	Ileum (29), colon + cecum (3), L3 + cecum (13)	N/A	17 patients underwent ileal resection after first evaluation
			Operated CD, n = 75	15-64	N/A	N/A	N/A	Ileal resection (75)
			Ctrl, n = 10	23-48	80
Rutgeerts et al⁵⁰	1982	Belgium	CD, n = 17	17-42	47.1	L1 (11), L3 (6)	L1 = 185-480 score; L3 = 335-452 score (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 10	23-55	40
Nishida et al⁵²	1982	Japan	CD, n = 8	16-44	62.5	Ileum (3), ileum + cecum (1), ileum + jejunum (3), L3 (1)	N/A	0
			Ctrl, n = 4	19-50	75
Heuman et al⁴⁷	1982	Sweden	CD, n = 15	24-64	46.7	N/A	N/A	Ileal resection + partial colectomy (7)
			Ctrl, n = 46	20-60	N/A
Suchy and Balistreri⁴⁹	1981	United States	Newly diagnosed CD, n = 10	9-17 (9 children), 34(1 adult)	N/A	L1 (7), upper small bowel (3)	243.1 ± 19.3 score (CDAI)	0
			Previously diagnosed CD, n = 10	10-18 (9 children), 32 (1 adult)	N/A	L1 (10)	7 (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 16	2-16	N/A
Mudd et al⁶²	1980	Northern Ireland	UC, n = 11	23-72	63.6	N/A	N/A	N/A
			Ctrl (N/A)	Age- and sex-matched
Rutgeerts et al⁴⁶	1979	Belgium	CD, n = 10	17-46	20	L2 (10)	8 (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl 1, n = 10	19-63	60
			Ctrl 2, n = 14	23-64	N/A
Vantrappen et al⁵¹	1977	Belgium	CD, n = 13	17-50	69.2	Ileum (1), L3 (12)	8 (CDAI)	0
			Ctrl, n = 10	19-63	60
Reddy et al⁶³	1977	United States	UC, n = 15	M = 34	40	N/A	N/A	N/A
			Ctrl, n = 40	M = 44	48
Miettinen⁶⁴	1971	Finland	UC, n = 15	17-52	60	Limited to the large bowel	N/A	Proctocolectomy (1)
			Ctrl, n = 40	M = 29	N/A

B1/B2/B3 indicate nonstricturing, nonpenetrating/stricturing/penetrating); CDAI, Crohn’s disease activity index; CRI, Clinical Rachmilewitz Index; Ctrl, control; E1/E2/E3, proctitis/left-side colitis/pancolitis; ERS, endoscopic recurrence scores; HBI, Harvey-Bradshaw Index; L1/L2/L3/L4: terminal ileitis/colitis/ileocolitis/isolated upper gastrointestinal disease; M, mean; N/A, no information provided; PCDAI, Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; PUCAI, Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index; PTI, Powell-Tuck index score; SD, standard deviation; SEM, standard error of mean.

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