Clinical and Radiologic Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients According to SARS-CoV-2 Variant
| . | Total (n = 141) . | Delta (n = 108) . | Non-Delta (n = 33) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 34.0 (25.0–46.0) | 34.5 (26.5–46.0) | 32.0 (23.0–48.0) | .77 |
| Male sex | 92 (65.2) | 69 (63.9) | 23 (69.7) | .54 |
| Underlying diseases | ||||
| Hypertension | 17 (12.1) | 12 (11.1) | 5 (15.2) | .53 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 6 (4.3) | 4 (3.7) | 2 (6.1) | .63 |
| Diabetes | 12 (8.5) | 7 (6.5) | 5 (15.2) | .12 |
| Psychiatric illness | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Asthma/Rhinitis | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Cancer | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) | 16 (11.3) | 12 (11.1) | 4 (12.1) | >.99 |
| Pregnancy | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Smoking | 44 (31.2) | 37 (34.3) | 7 (21.2) | .16 |
| Days from symptom onset to facility admission, median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 2 (1–3) | .85 |
| Asymptomatic | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Presymptomatic | 16 (11.3) | 9 (8.3) | 7 (21.2) | .06 |
| Symptomatic | 125 (88.7) | 99 (91.7) | 26 (78.8) | |
| Symptoms at diagnosis | ||||
| Fever | 89 (71.2) | 73 (73.7) | 16 (61.5) | .22 |
| Cough | 64 (51.2) | 49 (49.5) | 15 (57.7) | .46 |
| Sputum | 25 (20.0) | 18 (18.2) | 7 (26.9) | .32 |
| Sore throat | 60 (48.0) | 43 (43.4) | 17 (65.4) | .05 |
| Dyspnea | 2 (1.6) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (3.8) | .21 |
| Rhinorrhea | 6 (4.8) | 4 (4.0) | 2 (7.7) | .60 |
| Nasal stuffiness | 4 (3.2) | 2 (2.0) | 2 (7.7) | .19 |
| Myalgia | 58 (46.4) | 51 (51.5) | 7 (26.9) | .03 |
| Headache | 43 (34.4) | 34 (34.3) | 9 (34.6) | .98 |
| Chills | 34 (27.2) | 30 (30.3) | 4 (15.4) | .15 |
| Loss of taste | 9 (7.2) | 2 (2.0) | 7 (26.9) | <.001 |
| Loss of smell | 11 (8.8) | 7 (7.1) | 4 (15.4) | .24 |
| Diarrhea | 4 (3.2) | 3 (3.0) | 1 (3.8) | >.99 |
| Vaccination (≥ 1 dose) | 24 (17.0) | 22 (20.4) | 2 (6.1) | .07 |
| mRNA vaccine | 9 (37.5) | 9 (40.9) | 0 (0) | .51 |
| Viral vector vaccine | 15 (62.5) | 13 (59.1) | 2 (100) | |
| Fully vaccinated | 7 (5.0) | 7 (6.5) | 0 (0) | .20 |
| mRNA vaccine | 2 (28.6) | 2 (28.6) | NA | NA |
| Viral vector vaccine | 5 (71.4) | 5 (71.4) | NA | NA |
| Infiltrations on chest X-ray at admissiona | 13 (9.3) | 10 (9.3) | 3 (9.1) | >.99 |
| Clinical course | ||||
| Transfer to hospital | 9 (6.4) | 8 (7.4) | 1 (3.0) | .69 |
| Discharge per protocol | 132 (93.6) | 100 (92.6) | 32 (97.0) |
| . | Total (n = 141) . | Delta (n = 108) . | Non-Delta (n = 33) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 34.0 (25.0–46.0) | 34.5 (26.5–46.0) | 32.0 (23.0–48.0) | .77 |
| Male sex | 92 (65.2) | 69 (63.9) | 23 (69.7) | .54 |
| Underlying diseases | ||||
| Hypertension | 17 (12.1) | 12 (11.1) | 5 (15.2) | .53 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 6 (4.3) | 4 (3.7) | 2 (6.1) | .63 |
| Diabetes | 12 (8.5) | 7 (6.5) | 5 (15.2) | .12 |
| Psychiatric illness | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Asthma/Rhinitis | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Cancer | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) | 16 (11.3) | 12 (11.1) | 4 (12.1) | >.99 |
| Pregnancy | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Smoking | 44 (31.2) | 37 (34.3) | 7 (21.2) | .16 |
| Days from symptom onset to facility admission, median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 2 (1–3) | .85 |
| Asymptomatic | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Presymptomatic | 16 (11.3) | 9 (8.3) | 7 (21.2) | .06 |
| Symptomatic | 125 (88.7) | 99 (91.7) | 26 (78.8) | |
| Symptoms at diagnosis | ||||
| Fever | 89 (71.2) | 73 (73.7) | 16 (61.5) | .22 |
| Cough | 64 (51.2) | 49 (49.5) | 15 (57.7) | .46 |
| Sputum | 25 (20.0) | 18 (18.2) | 7 (26.9) | .32 |
| Sore throat | 60 (48.0) | 43 (43.4) | 17 (65.4) | .05 |
| Dyspnea | 2 (1.6) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (3.8) | .21 |
| Rhinorrhea | 6 (4.8) | 4 (4.0) | 2 (7.7) | .60 |
| Nasal stuffiness | 4 (3.2) | 2 (2.0) | 2 (7.7) | .19 |
| Myalgia | 58 (46.4) | 51 (51.5) | 7 (26.9) | .03 |
| Headache | 43 (34.4) | 34 (34.3) | 9 (34.6) | .98 |
| Chills | 34 (27.2) | 30 (30.3) | 4 (15.4) | .15 |
| Loss of taste | 9 (7.2) | 2 (2.0) | 7 (26.9) | <.001 |
| Loss of smell | 11 (8.8) | 7 (7.1) | 4 (15.4) | .24 |
| Diarrhea | 4 (3.2) | 3 (3.0) | 1 (3.8) | >.99 |
| Vaccination (≥ 1 dose) | 24 (17.0) | 22 (20.4) | 2 (6.1) | .07 |
| mRNA vaccine | 9 (37.5) | 9 (40.9) | 0 (0) | .51 |
| Viral vector vaccine | 15 (62.5) | 13 (59.1) | 2 (100) | |
| Fully vaccinated | 7 (5.0) | 7 (6.5) | 0 (0) | .20 |
| mRNA vaccine | 2 (28.6) | 2 (28.6) | NA | NA |
| Viral vector vaccine | 5 (71.4) | 5 (71.4) | NA | NA |
| Infiltrations on chest X-ray at admissiona | 13 (9.3) | 10 (9.3) | 3 (9.1) | >.99 |
| Clinical course | ||||
| Transfer to hospital | 9 (6.4) | 8 (7.4) | 1 (3.0) | .69 |
| Discharge per protocol | 132 (93.6) | 100 (92.6) | 32 (97.0) |
Data are no. (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range; mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid; NA, not applicable; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Chest X-ray was not performed in 1 patient in the Delta group due to the possibility of pregnancy.
Clinical and Radiologic Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients According to SARS-CoV-2 Variant
| . | Total (n = 141) . | Delta (n = 108) . | Non-Delta (n = 33) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 34.0 (25.0–46.0) | 34.5 (26.5–46.0) | 32.0 (23.0–48.0) | .77 |
| Male sex | 92 (65.2) | 69 (63.9) | 23 (69.7) | .54 |
| Underlying diseases | ||||
| Hypertension | 17 (12.1) | 12 (11.1) | 5 (15.2) | .53 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 6 (4.3) | 4 (3.7) | 2 (6.1) | .63 |
| Diabetes | 12 (8.5) | 7 (6.5) | 5 (15.2) | .12 |
| Psychiatric illness | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Asthma/Rhinitis | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Cancer | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) | 16 (11.3) | 12 (11.1) | 4 (12.1) | >.99 |
| Pregnancy | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Smoking | 44 (31.2) | 37 (34.3) | 7 (21.2) | .16 |
| Days from symptom onset to facility admission, median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 2 (1–3) | .85 |
| Asymptomatic | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Presymptomatic | 16 (11.3) | 9 (8.3) | 7 (21.2) | .06 |
| Symptomatic | 125 (88.7) | 99 (91.7) | 26 (78.8) | |
| Symptoms at diagnosis | ||||
| Fever | 89 (71.2) | 73 (73.7) | 16 (61.5) | .22 |
| Cough | 64 (51.2) | 49 (49.5) | 15 (57.7) | .46 |
| Sputum | 25 (20.0) | 18 (18.2) | 7 (26.9) | .32 |
| Sore throat | 60 (48.0) | 43 (43.4) | 17 (65.4) | .05 |
| Dyspnea | 2 (1.6) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (3.8) | .21 |
| Rhinorrhea | 6 (4.8) | 4 (4.0) | 2 (7.7) | .60 |
| Nasal stuffiness | 4 (3.2) | 2 (2.0) | 2 (7.7) | .19 |
| Myalgia | 58 (46.4) | 51 (51.5) | 7 (26.9) | .03 |
| Headache | 43 (34.4) | 34 (34.3) | 9 (34.6) | .98 |
| Chills | 34 (27.2) | 30 (30.3) | 4 (15.4) | .15 |
| Loss of taste | 9 (7.2) | 2 (2.0) | 7 (26.9) | <.001 |
| Loss of smell | 11 (8.8) | 7 (7.1) | 4 (15.4) | .24 |
| Diarrhea | 4 (3.2) | 3 (3.0) | 1 (3.8) | >.99 |
| Vaccination (≥ 1 dose) | 24 (17.0) | 22 (20.4) | 2 (6.1) | .07 |
| mRNA vaccine | 9 (37.5) | 9 (40.9) | 0 (0) | .51 |
| Viral vector vaccine | 15 (62.5) | 13 (59.1) | 2 (100) | |
| Fully vaccinated | 7 (5.0) | 7 (6.5) | 0 (0) | .20 |
| mRNA vaccine | 2 (28.6) | 2 (28.6) | NA | NA |
| Viral vector vaccine | 5 (71.4) | 5 (71.4) | NA | NA |
| Infiltrations on chest X-ray at admissiona | 13 (9.3) | 10 (9.3) | 3 (9.1) | >.99 |
| Clinical course | ||||
| Transfer to hospital | 9 (6.4) | 8 (7.4) | 1 (3.0) | .69 |
| Discharge per protocol | 132 (93.6) | 100 (92.6) | 32 (97.0) |
| . | Total (n = 141) . | Delta (n = 108) . | Non-Delta (n = 33) . | P Value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 34.0 (25.0–46.0) | 34.5 (26.5–46.0) | 32.0 (23.0–48.0) | .77 |
| Male sex | 92 (65.2) | 69 (63.9) | 23 (69.7) | .54 |
| Underlying diseases | ||||
| Hypertension | 17 (12.1) | 12 (11.1) | 5 (15.2) | .53 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 6 (4.3) | 4 (3.7) | 2 (6.1) | .63 |
| Diabetes | 12 (8.5) | 7 (6.5) | 5 (15.2) | .12 |
| Psychiatric illness | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Asthma/Rhinitis | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Cancer | 2 (1.4) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.0) | .42 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) | 16 (11.3) | 12 (11.1) | 4 (12.1) | >.99 |
| Pregnancy | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Smoking | 44 (31.2) | 37 (34.3) | 7 (21.2) | .16 |
| Days from symptom onset to facility admission, median (IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–4) | 2 (1–3) | .85 |
| Asymptomatic | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Presymptomatic | 16 (11.3) | 9 (8.3) | 7 (21.2) | .06 |
| Symptomatic | 125 (88.7) | 99 (91.7) | 26 (78.8) | |
| Symptoms at diagnosis | ||||
| Fever | 89 (71.2) | 73 (73.7) | 16 (61.5) | .22 |
| Cough | 64 (51.2) | 49 (49.5) | 15 (57.7) | .46 |
| Sputum | 25 (20.0) | 18 (18.2) | 7 (26.9) | .32 |
| Sore throat | 60 (48.0) | 43 (43.4) | 17 (65.4) | .05 |
| Dyspnea | 2 (1.6) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (3.8) | .21 |
| Rhinorrhea | 6 (4.8) | 4 (4.0) | 2 (7.7) | .60 |
| Nasal stuffiness | 4 (3.2) | 2 (2.0) | 2 (7.7) | .19 |
| Myalgia | 58 (46.4) | 51 (51.5) | 7 (26.9) | .03 |
| Headache | 43 (34.4) | 34 (34.3) | 9 (34.6) | .98 |
| Chills | 34 (27.2) | 30 (30.3) | 4 (15.4) | .15 |
| Loss of taste | 9 (7.2) | 2 (2.0) | 7 (26.9) | <.001 |
| Loss of smell | 11 (8.8) | 7 (7.1) | 4 (15.4) | .24 |
| Diarrhea | 4 (3.2) | 3 (3.0) | 1 (3.8) | >.99 |
| Vaccination (≥ 1 dose) | 24 (17.0) | 22 (20.4) | 2 (6.1) | .07 |
| mRNA vaccine | 9 (37.5) | 9 (40.9) | 0 (0) | .51 |
| Viral vector vaccine | 15 (62.5) | 13 (59.1) | 2 (100) | |
| Fully vaccinated | 7 (5.0) | 7 (6.5) | 0 (0) | .20 |
| mRNA vaccine | 2 (28.6) | 2 (28.6) | NA | NA |
| Viral vector vaccine | 5 (71.4) | 5 (71.4) | NA | NA |
| Infiltrations on chest X-ray at admissiona | 13 (9.3) | 10 (9.3) | 3 (9.1) | >.99 |
| Clinical course | ||||
| Transfer to hospital | 9 (6.4) | 8 (7.4) | 1 (3.0) | .69 |
| Discharge per protocol | 132 (93.6) | 100 (92.6) | 32 (97.0) |
Data are no. (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range; mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid; NA, not applicable; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Chest X-ray was not performed in 1 patient in the Delta group due to the possibility of pregnancy.
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