Sociodemographic characteristics of children and their families at baseline.
| . | Treatment . | Control . | p-value . | RW . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Child’s age in months | 5.72 | 5.51 | 0.353 | 0.945 |
| (3.39) | (3.26) | |||
| Child’s birth weight (gr) | 3189 | 3156 | 0.442 | 0.956 |
| (572) | (500) | |||
| Maternal age (number of years) | 26.16 | 26.47 | 0.421 | 0.956 |
| (6.84) | (6.70) | |||
| Maternal years of schooling | 8.85 | 8.41 | 0.121 | 0.688 |
| (3.42) | (3.31) | |||
| Household Income (COP thousands) | 526.1 | 477.2 | 0.232 | 0.883 |
| (388.1) | (340.7) | |||
| Household size | 4.08 | 4.10 | 0.932 | 0.976 |
| (1.47) | (1.43) | |||
| Maternal PPVT (raw score) | 22.32 | 19.76 | 0.037 | 0.386 |
| (8.53) | (8.08) | |||
| Child’s gender (% male) | 51.9 | 50.9 | 0.729 | 0.976 |
| First born (%) | 46.6 | 45.1 | 0.655 | 0.976 |
| Teenage mothers (%) | 25.4 | 20.9 | 0.059 | 0.508 |
| Father present (%) | 69.7 | 75.1 | 0.031 | 0.386 |
| Owns home (%) | 37.1 | 39.6 | 0.623 | 0.976 |
| Household in poverty (%)|$^{\rm a}$| | 58.7 | 64 | 0.298 | 0.920 |
| Intermediate outcomes | ||||
| Parental Investment|$^{\rm b}$| | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.625 | 0.948 |
| (0.96) | (1.02) | |||
| Maternal knowledge|$^{\rm c}$| | 29.26 | 29.49 | 0.680 | 0.948 |
| (3.61) | (3.44) | |||
| Maternal self-efficacy | 26.50 | 26.49 | 0.974 | 0.978 |
| (5.51) | (4.67) | |||
| Food insecurity (%) | 50.4 | 41.9 | 0.219 | 0.631 |
| No. of observations | 700 | 756 |
| . | Treatment . | Control . | p-value . | RW . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Child’s age in months | 5.72 | 5.51 | 0.353 | 0.945 |
| (3.39) | (3.26) | |||
| Child’s birth weight (gr) | 3189 | 3156 | 0.442 | 0.956 |
| (572) | (500) | |||
| Maternal age (number of years) | 26.16 | 26.47 | 0.421 | 0.956 |
| (6.84) | (6.70) | |||
| Maternal years of schooling | 8.85 | 8.41 | 0.121 | 0.688 |
| (3.42) | (3.31) | |||
| Household Income (COP thousands) | 526.1 | 477.2 | 0.232 | 0.883 |
| (388.1) | (340.7) | |||
| Household size | 4.08 | 4.10 | 0.932 | 0.976 |
| (1.47) | (1.43) | |||
| Maternal PPVT (raw score) | 22.32 | 19.76 | 0.037 | 0.386 |
| (8.53) | (8.08) | |||
| Child’s gender (% male) | 51.9 | 50.9 | 0.729 | 0.976 |
| First born (%) | 46.6 | 45.1 | 0.655 | 0.976 |
| Teenage mothers (%) | 25.4 | 20.9 | 0.059 | 0.508 |
| Father present (%) | 69.7 | 75.1 | 0.031 | 0.386 |
| Owns home (%) | 37.1 | 39.6 | 0.623 | 0.976 |
| Household in poverty (%)|$^{\rm a}$| | 58.7 | 64 | 0.298 | 0.920 |
| Intermediate outcomes | ||||
| Parental Investment|$^{\rm b}$| | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.625 | 0.948 |
| (0.96) | (1.02) | |||
| Maternal knowledge|$^{\rm c}$| | 29.26 | 29.49 | 0.680 | 0.948 |
| (3.61) | (3.44) | |||
| Maternal self-efficacy | 26.50 | 26.49 | 0.974 | 0.978 |
| (5.51) | (4.67) | |||
| Food insecurity (%) | 50.4 | 41.9 | 0.219 | 0.631 |
| No. of observations | 700 | 756 |
Notes. Standard deviations (clustered by town) in parentheses. RW: p-values adjusted for multiple testing using the Romano–Wolf (Romano and Wolf 2005, 2016) step-down method. In this case all hypotheses in the panel are included in the RW p-value calculation. Household Income is measured in thousands of Colombian Pesos (COP).
a. % of households with total income below the poverty line in 2014 (|${\$}$|50 US person/month).
b. Factor score of FCI subscales.
c. Only available at follow-up (raw scores presented).
Sociodemographic characteristics of children and their families at baseline.
| . | Treatment . | Control . | p-value . | RW . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Child’s age in months | 5.72 | 5.51 | 0.353 | 0.945 |
| (3.39) | (3.26) | |||
| Child’s birth weight (gr) | 3189 | 3156 | 0.442 | 0.956 |
| (572) | (500) | |||
| Maternal age (number of years) | 26.16 | 26.47 | 0.421 | 0.956 |
| (6.84) | (6.70) | |||
| Maternal years of schooling | 8.85 | 8.41 | 0.121 | 0.688 |
| (3.42) | (3.31) | |||
| Household Income (COP thousands) | 526.1 | 477.2 | 0.232 | 0.883 |
| (388.1) | (340.7) | |||
| Household size | 4.08 | 4.10 | 0.932 | 0.976 |
| (1.47) | (1.43) | |||
| Maternal PPVT (raw score) | 22.32 | 19.76 | 0.037 | 0.386 |
| (8.53) | (8.08) | |||
| Child’s gender (% male) | 51.9 | 50.9 | 0.729 | 0.976 |
| First born (%) | 46.6 | 45.1 | 0.655 | 0.976 |
| Teenage mothers (%) | 25.4 | 20.9 | 0.059 | 0.508 |
| Father present (%) | 69.7 | 75.1 | 0.031 | 0.386 |
| Owns home (%) | 37.1 | 39.6 | 0.623 | 0.976 |
| Household in poverty (%)|$^{\rm a}$| | 58.7 | 64 | 0.298 | 0.920 |
| Intermediate outcomes | ||||
| Parental Investment|$^{\rm b}$| | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.625 | 0.948 |
| (0.96) | (1.02) | |||
| Maternal knowledge|$^{\rm c}$| | 29.26 | 29.49 | 0.680 | 0.948 |
| (3.61) | (3.44) | |||
| Maternal self-efficacy | 26.50 | 26.49 | 0.974 | 0.978 |
| (5.51) | (4.67) | |||
| Food insecurity (%) | 50.4 | 41.9 | 0.219 | 0.631 |
| No. of observations | 700 | 756 |
| . | Treatment . | Control . | p-value . | RW . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
| Child’s age in months | 5.72 | 5.51 | 0.353 | 0.945 |
| (3.39) | (3.26) | |||
| Child’s birth weight (gr) | 3189 | 3156 | 0.442 | 0.956 |
| (572) | (500) | |||
| Maternal age (number of years) | 26.16 | 26.47 | 0.421 | 0.956 |
| (6.84) | (6.70) | |||
| Maternal years of schooling | 8.85 | 8.41 | 0.121 | 0.688 |
| (3.42) | (3.31) | |||
| Household Income (COP thousands) | 526.1 | 477.2 | 0.232 | 0.883 |
| (388.1) | (340.7) | |||
| Household size | 4.08 | 4.10 | 0.932 | 0.976 |
| (1.47) | (1.43) | |||
| Maternal PPVT (raw score) | 22.32 | 19.76 | 0.037 | 0.386 |
| (8.53) | (8.08) | |||
| Child’s gender (% male) | 51.9 | 50.9 | 0.729 | 0.976 |
| First born (%) | 46.6 | 45.1 | 0.655 | 0.976 |
| Teenage mothers (%) | 25.4 | 20.9 | 0.059 | 0.508 |
| Father present (%) | 69.7 | 75.1 | 0.031 | 0.386 |
| Owns home (%) | 37.1 | 39.6 | 0.623 | 0.976 |
| Household in poverty (%)|$^{\rm a}$| | 58.7 | 64 | 0.298 | 0.920 |
| Intermediate outcomes | ||||
| Parental Investment|$^{\rm b}$| | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.625 | 0.948 |
| (0.96) | (1.02) | |||
| Maternal knowledge|$^{\rm c}$| | 29.26 | 29.49 | 0.680 | 0.948 |
| (3.61) | (3.44) | |||
| Maternal self-efficacy | 26.50 | 26.49 | 0.974 | 0.978 |
| (5.51) | (4.67) | |||
| Food insecurity (%) | 50.4 | 41.9 | 0.219 | 0.631 |
| No. of observations | 700 | 756 |
Notes. Standard deviations (clustered by town) in parentheses. RW: p-values adjusted for multiple testing using the Romano–Wolf (Romano and Wolf 2005, 2016) step-down method. In this case all hypotheses in the panel are included in the RW p-value calculation. Household Income is measured in thousands of Colombian Pesos (COP).
a. % of households with total income below the poverty line in 2014 (|${\$}$|50 US person/month).
b. Factor score of FCI subscales.
c. Only available at follow-up (raw scores presented).
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