Table 1 Open in new tab Baseline...

	Total (n = 5,968)	Treatment Group (n = 2,997)	Control Group (n = 2,971)
Male sex	3,521	59.0	1,747	58.3	1,774	59.7
Age group, years
≤35	3,163	53.0	1,621	54.1	1,545	52.0
>35	2,805	47.0	1,376	45.9	1,426	48.0
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	1,790	30.0	887	29.6	903	30.4
Non-Hispanic Black	3,449	57.8	1,735	57.9	1,711	57.6
Non-Hispanic White	729	12.2	374	12.5	353	11.9
Education
Less than high school	1,302	21.8	719	24.0	639	21.5
High school diploma or equivalent	3,222	54.0	1,579	52.7	1,642	55.3
Any college	1,444	24.2	758	25.3	689	23.2
Ever being incarcerated	1,080	18.1	515	17.2	561	18.9
Currently employed	2,697	45.2	1,373	45.8	1,333	44.9
Working full-time^b	1,420	23.8	704	23.5	716	24.1
Earnings in the past year, dollars
0	1,754	29.4	896	29.9	862	29.0
1–6,666	1,683	28.2	836	27.9	843	28.4
6,667–17,999	1,755	29.4	884	29.5	873	29.4
≥18,000	776	13.0	381	12.7	393	13.2
Filed a federal tax return in previous tax year	3,622	60.7	1,819	60.7	1,806	60.8
Had heard of the EITC	2,733	45.8	1,375	45.9	1,357	45.7
Had received the EITC in the past	1,133	19.0	560	18.7	573	19.3

Total
(n = 5,968)

Treatment Group
(n = 2,997)

Control Group
(n = 2,971)

Characteristic

No.

Male sex

3,521

59.0

1,747

58.3

1,774

59.7

Age group, years

≤35

3,163

53.0

1,621

54.1

1,545

52.0

>35

2,805

47.0

1,376

45.9

1,426

48.0

Race/ethnicity

Hispanic

1,790

30.0

887

29.6

903

30.4

Non-Hispanic Black

3,449

57.8

1,735

57.9

1,711

57.6

Non-Hispanic White

729

12.2

374

12.5

353

11.9

Education

Less than high school

1,302

21.8

719

24.0

639

21.5

High school diploma or equivalent

3,222

54.0

1,579

52.7

1,642

55.3

Any college

1,444

24.2

758

25.3

689

23.2

Ever being incarcerated

1,080

18.1

515

17.2

561

18.9

Currently employed

2,697

45.2

1,373

45.8

1,333

44.9

Working full-time^b

1,420

23.8

704

23.5

716

24.1

Earnings in the past year, dollars

1,754

29.4

896

29.9

862

29.0

1–6,666

1,683

28.2

836

27.9

843

28.4

6,667–17,999

1,755

29.4

884

29.5

873

29.4

≥18,000

776

13.0

381

12.7

393

13.2

Filed a federal tax return in previous tax year

3,622

60.7

1,819

60.7

1,806

60.8

Had heard of the EITC

2,733

45.8

1,375

45.9

1,357

45.7

Had received the EITC in the past

1,133

19.0

560

18.7

573

19.3

	Total (n = 5,968)	Treatment Group (n = 2,997)	Control Group (n = 2,971)
Male sex	3,521	59.0	1,747	58.3	1,774	59.7
Age group, years
≤35	3,163	53.0	1,621	54.1	1,545	52.0
>35	2,805	47.0	1,376	45.9	1,426	48.0
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	1,790	30.0	887	29.6	903	30.4
Non-Hispanic Black	3,449	57.8	1,735	57.9	1,711	57.6
Non-Hispanic White	729	12.2	374	12.5	353	11.9
Education
Less than high school	1,302	21.8	719	24.0	639	21.5
High school diploma or equivalent	3,222	54.0	1,579	52.7	1,642	55.3
Any college	1,444	24.2	758	25.3	689	23.2
Ever being incarcerated	1,080	18.1	515	17.2	561	18.9
Currently employed	2,697	45.2	1,373	45.8	1,333	44.9
Working full-time^b	1,420	23.8	704	23.5	716	24.1
Earnings in the past year, dollars
0	1,754	29.4	896	29.9	862	29.0
1–6,666	1,683	28.2	836	27.9	843	28.4
6,667–17,999	1,755	29.4	884	29.5	873	29.4
≥18,000	776	13.0	381	12.7	393	13.2
Filed a federal tax return in previous tax year	3,622	60.7	1,819	60.7	1,806	60.8
Had heard of the EITC	2,733	45.8	1,375	45.9	1,357	45.7
Had received the EITC in the past	1,133	19.0	560	18.7	573	19.3

Table 1

Open in new tab

Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population, Paycheck Plus Health Study, 2013–2016^a

	Total (n = 5,968)		Treatment Group (n = 2,997)		Control Group (n = 2,971)
Characteristic	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Male sex	3,521	59.0	1,747	58.3	1,774	59.7
Age group, years
≤35	3,163	53.0	1,621	54.1	1,545	52.0
>35	2,805	47.0	1,376	45.9	1,426	48.0
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	1,790	30.0	887	29.6	903	30.4
Non-Hispanic Black	3,449	57.8	1,735	57.9	1,711	57.6
Non-Hispanic White	729	12.2	374	12.5	353	11.9
Education
Less than high school	1,302	21.8	719	24.0	639	21.5
High school diploma or equivalent	3,222	54.0	1,579	52.7	1,642	55.3
Any college	1,444	24.2	758	25.3	689	23.2
Ever being incarcerated	1,080	18.1	515	17.2	561	18.9
Currently employed	2,697	45.2	1,373	45.8	1,333	44.9
Working full-time^b	1,420	23.8	704	23.5	716	24.1
Earnings in the past year, dollars
0	1,754	29.4	896	29.9	862	29.0
1–6,666	1,683	28.2	836	27.9	843	28.4
6,667–17,999	1,755	29.4	884	29.5	873	29.4
≥18,000	776	13.0	381	12.7	393	13.2
Filed a federal tax return in previous tax year	3,622	60.7	1,819	60.7	1,806	60.8
Had heard of the EITC	2,733	45.8	1,375	45.9	1,357	45.7
Had received the EITC in the past	1,133	19.0	560	18.7	573	19.3

	Total (n = 5,968)		Treatment Group (n = 2,997)		Control Group (n = 2,971)
Characteristic	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Male sex	3,521	59.0	1,747	58.3	1,774	59.7
Age group, years
≤35	3,163	53.0	1,621	54.1	1,545	52.0
>35	2,805	47.0	1,376	45.9	1,426	48.0
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	1,790	30.0	887	29.6	903	30.4
Non-Hispanic Black	3,449	57.8	1,735	57.9	1,711	57.6
Non-Hispanic White	729	12.2	374	12.5	353	11.9
Education
Less than high school	1,302	21.8	719	24.0	639	21.5
High school diploma or equivalent	3,222	54.0	1,579	52.7	1,642	55.3
Any college	1,444	24.2	758	25.3	689	23.2
Ever being incarcerated	1,080	18.1	515	17.2	561	18.9
Currently employed	2,697	45.2	1,373	45.8	1,333	44.9
Working full-time^b	1,420	23.8	704	23.5	716	24.1
Earnings in the past year, dollars
0	1,754	29.4	896	29.9	862	29.0
1–6,666	1,683	28.2	836	27.9	843	28.4
6,667–17,999	1,755	29.4	884	29.5	873	29.4
≥18,000	776	13.0	381	12.7	393	13.2
Filed a federal tax return in previous tax year	3,622	60.7	1,819	60.7	1,806	60.8
Had heard of the EITC	2,733	45.8	1,375	45.9	1,357	45.7
Had received the EITC in the past	1,133	19.0	560	18.7	573	19.3

Abbreviation: EITC, Earned Income Tax Credit.

^a Baseline data were collected at the time of randomization (September 27, 2013–February 18, 2014). Because of rounding, some percentages may not add up to 100.

^b Full-time employment was defined as ≥30 hours/week.

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