Adiposity measures compared between adolescents conceived with ART (GUHS) and without ART (Gen2), depicted separately for males and females.
| Males . | ART . | Non-ART . | Univariate P-value . | ART . | Non-ART . | Adjusted P-value* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.8 | 21.9 | ||||
| (19.5–23.4) | (19.9–24.1) | 22.0 | 22.7 | |||
| [16.0–32.8] | [14.3–42.4] | 0.036 | (21.0–23.1) | (21.8–23.8) | 0.097 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 75.4 | 77.8 | ||||
| (71.6–80.3) | (73.7–84.6) | 78.1 | 81.3 | |||
| [55.9–108.7] | [55.0–142.3] | 0.001 | (75.5–80.8) | (79.1–83.7) | 0.008 | |
| Skinfolds | ||||||
| Triceps (mm) | 8.2 | 9.2 | ||||
| (6.5–11.0) | (7.2–12.73) | 8.7 | 9.2 | |||
| [3.1–27.0] | [4.0–41.0] | 0.014 | (7.4–10.2) | (8.1–10.5) | 0.326 | |
| Subscapular (mm) | 9.3 | 10.0 | ||||
| (7.9–11.1) | (8.1–13.8) | 9.5 | 9.7 | |||
| [4.1–34.2] | [4.9–41.0] | 0.037 | (8.0–11.4) | (8.2–11.6) | 0.699 | |
| Mid-abdominal (mm) | 12.3 | 14.0 | ||||
| (8.3–18.5) | (9.2–22.6) | 10.9 | 12.2 | |||
| [5.2–39.2] | [4.7–41.0] | 0.066 | (8.4–13.9) | (10.2–14.6) | 0.171 | |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 8.1 | 9.8 | ||||
| (6.1–11.1) | (6.8–16.3) | 8.4 | 9.4 | |||
| [4.0–38.6] | [3.4–41.0] | 0.015 | (6.7–10.6) | (8.0–11.1) | 0.178 |
| Males . | ART . | Non-ART . | Univariate P-value . | ART . | Non-ART . | Adjusted P-value* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.8 | 21.9 | ||||
| (19.5–23.4) | (19.9–24.1) | 22.0 | 22.7 | |||
| [16.0–32.8] | [14.3–42.4] | 0.036 | (21.0–23.1) | (21.8–23.8) | 0.097 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 75.4 | 77.8 | ||||
| (71.6–80.3) | (73.7–84.6) | 78.1 | 81.3 | |||
| [55.9–108.7] | [55.0–142.3] | 0.001 | (75.5–80.8) | (79.1–83.7) | 0.008 | |
| Skinfolds | ||||||
| Triceps (mm) | 8.2 | 9.2 | ||||
| (6.5–11.0) | (7.2–12.73) | 8.7 | 9.2 | |||
| [3.1–27.0] | [4.0–41.0] | 0.014 | (7.4–10.2) | (8.1–10.5) | 0.326 | |
| Subscapular (mm) | 9.3 | 10.0 | ||||
| (7.9–11.1) | (8.1–13.8) | 9.5 | 9.7 | |||
| [4.1–34.2] | [4.9–41.0] | 0.037 | (8.0–11.4) | (8.2–11.6) | 0.699 | |
| Mid-abdominal (mm) | 12.3 | 14.0 | ||||
| (8.3–18.5) | (9.2–22.6) | 10.9 | 12.2 | |||
| [5.2–39.2] | [4.7–41.0] | 0.066 | (8.4–13.9) | (10.2–14.6) | 0.171 | |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 8.1 | 9.8 | ||||
| (6.1–11.1) | (6.8–16.3) | 8.4 | 9.4 | |||
| [4.0–38.6] | [3.4–41.0] | 0.015 | (6.7–10.6) | (8.0–11.1) | 0.178 |
| Females . | ART . | Non-ART . | Univariate P-value . | ART . | Non-ART . | Adjusted P-value** . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI—continuous (kg/m2) | 21.4 | 22.2 | ||||
| (19.7–23.1) | (20.1–24.5) | 22.1 | 23.3 | |||
| [16.5–34.6] | [15.0–50.2] | 0.032 | (20.9–23.3) | (22.4–25.5) | 0.014 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 72.9 | 75.5 | ||||
| (68.4–79.1) | (69.9–82.5) | 76.7 | 83.3 | |||
| [61.1–103.7] | [38.0–138.7] | 0.019 | (72.8–81.1) | (78.8–88.5) | 0.007 | |
| Skinfolds | ||||||
| Triceps (mm) | 16.3 | 18.4 | ||||
| (13.7–20.5) | (14.9–22.6) | 16.9 | 18.7 | |||
| [7.1–31.0] | [6.7–41.0] | 0.017 | (15.7–18.3) | (17.3–20.2) | 0.021 | |
| Subscapular (mm) | 12.1 | 14.3 | ||||
| (9.7–15.6) | (11.2–19.2) | 13.4 | 15.0 | |||
| [7.1–31.0] | [5.1–41.0] | <0.001 | (12.4–14.7) | (13.8–16.5) | 0.027 | |
| Mid-abdominal (mm) | 18.4 | 23.9 | ||||
| (14.5–24.4) | (18.4–30.3) | 19.7 | 23.2 | |||
| [7.5–33.6] | [5.4–41.0] | <0.001 | (17.8–21.7) | (20.9–25.6) | <0.001 | |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 14.1 | 17.4 | ||||
| (10.1–18.7) | (12.5–22.9) | 15.1 | 16.1 | |||
| [6.2–34.6] | [2.2–41.0] | <0.001 | (13.7–16.7) | (14.4–18.1) | 0.248 |
| Females . | ART . | Non-ART . | Univariate P-value . | ART . | Non-ART . | Adjusted P-value** . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI—continuous (kg/m2) | 21.4 | 22.2 | ||||
| (19.7–23.1) | (20.1–24.5) | 22.1 | 23.3 | |||
| [16.5–34.6] | [15.0–50.2] | 0.032 | (20.9–23.3) | (22.4–25.5) | 0.014 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 72.9 | 75.5 | ||||
| (68.4–79.1) | (69.9–82.5) | 76.7 | 83.3 | |||
| [61.1–103.7] | [38.0–138.7] | 0.019 | (72.8–81.1) | (78.8–88.5) | 0.007 | |
| Skinfolds | ||||||
| Triceps (mm) | 16.3 | 18.4 | ||||
| (13.7–20.5) | (14.9–22.6) | 16.9 | 18.7 | |||
| [7.1–31.0] | [6.7–41.0] | 0.017 | (15.7–18.3) | (17.3–20.2) | 0.021 | |
| Subscapular (mm) | 12.1 | 14.3 | ||||
| (9.7–15.6) | (11.2–19.2) | 13.4 | 15.0 | |||
| [7.1–31.0] | [5.1–41.0] | <0.001 | (12.4–14.7) | (13.8–16.5) | 0.027 | |
| Mid-abdominal (mm) | 18.4 | 23.9 | ||||
| (14.5–24.4) | (18.4–30.3) | 19.7 | 23.2 | |||
| [7.5–33.6] | [5.4–41.0] | <0.001 | (17.8–21.7) | (20.9–25.6) | <0.001 | |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 14.1 | 17.4 | ||||
| (10.1–18.7) | (12.5–22.9) | 15.1 | 16.1 | |||
| [6.2–34.6] | [2.2–41.0] | <0.001 | (13.7–16.7) | (14.4–18.1) | 0.248 |
Continuous outcomes are presented as medians (25th–75th percentile) [range] for univariate analyses and as mean (95% CI) after covariate adjustment. Significant outcomes (P<0.05) are presented in bold.
Adjusted for: non-singleton, gestational age, birthweight z-score, BMI, smoking, alcohol intoxication and parental cardiovascular status.
Adjusted for: non-singleton, gestational age, birthweight z-score, BMI, smoking, alcohol intoxication, oral contraceptive use and parental cardiovascular status. Waist circumference was adjusted for height instead of BMI.
GUHS, Growing Up Healthy Study; Gen2, Generation 2.
Adiposity measures compared between adolescents conceived with ART (GUHS) and without ART (Gen2), depicted separately for males and females.
| Males . | ART . | Non-ART . | Univariate P-value . | ART . | Non-ART . | Adjusted P-value* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.8 | 21.9 | ||||
| (19.5–23.4) | (19.9–24.1) | 22.0 | 22.7 | |||
| [16.0–32.8] | [14.3–42.4] | 0.036 | (21.0–23.1) | (21.8–23.8) | 0.097 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 75.4 | 77.8 | ||||
| (71.6–80.3) | (73.7–84.6) | 78.1 | 81.3 | |||
| [55.9–108.7] | [55.0–142.3] | 0.001 | (75.5–80.8) | (79.1–83.7) | 0.008 | |
| Skinfolds | ||||||
| Triceps (mm) | 8.2 | 9.2 | ||||
| (6.5–11.0) | (7.2–12.73) | 8.7 | 9.2 | |||
| [3.1–27.0] | [4.0–41.0] | 0.014 | (7.4–10.2) | (8.1–10.5) | 0.326 | |
| Subscapular (mm) | 9.3 | 10.0 | ||||
| (7.9–11.1) | (8.1–13.8) | 9.5 | 9.7 | |||
| [4.1–34.2] | [4.9–41.0] | 0.037 | (8.0–11.4) | (8.2–11.6) | 0.699 | |
| Mid-abdominal (mm) | 12.3 | 14.0 | ||||
| (8.3–18.5) | (9.2–22.6) | 10.9 | 12.2 | |||
| [5.2–39.2] | [4.7–41.0] | 0.066 | (8.4–13.9) | (10.2–14.6) | 0.171 | |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 8.1 | 9.8 | ||||
| (6.1–11.1) | (6.8–16.3) | 8.4 | 9.4 | |||
| [4.0–38.6] | [3.4–41.0] | 0.015 | (6.7–10.6) | (8.0–11.1) | 0.178 |
| Males . | ART . | Non-ART . | Univariate P-value . | ART . | Non-ART . | Adjusted P-value* . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI (kg/m2) | 20.8 | 21.9 | ||||
| (19.5–23.4) | (19.9–24.1) | 22.0 | 22.7 | |||
| [16.0–32.8] | [14.3–42.4] | 0.036 | (21.0–23.1) | (21.8–23.8) | 0.097 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 75.4 | 77.8 | ||||
| (71.6–80.3) | (73.7–84.6) | 78.1 | 81.3 | |||
| [55.9–108.7] | [55.0–142.3] | 0.001 | (75.5–80.8) | (79.1–83.7) | 0.008 | |
| Skinfolds | ||||||
| Triceps (mm) | 8.2 | 9.2 | ||||
| (6.5–11.0) | (7.2–12.73) | 8.7 | 9.2 | |||
| [3.1–27.0] | [4.0–41.0] | 0.014 | (7.4–10.2) | (8.1–10.5) | 0.326 | |
| Subscapular (mm) | 9.3 | 10.0 | ||||
| (7.9–11.1) | (8.1–13.8) | 9.5 | 9.7 | |||
| [4.1–34.2] | [4.9–41.0] | 0.037 | (8.0–11.4) | (8.2–11.6) | 0.699 | |
| Mid-abdominal (mm) | 12.3 | 14.0 | ||||
| (8.3–18.5) | (9.2–22.6) | 10.9 | 12.2 | |||
| [5.2–39.2] | [4.7–41.0] | 0.066 | (8.4–13.9) | (10.2–14.6) | 0.171 | |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 8.1 | 9.8 | ||||
| (6.1–11.1) | (6.8–16.3) | 8.4 | 9.4 | |||
| [4.0–38.6] | [3.4–41.0] | 0.015 | (6.7–10.6) | (8.0–11.1) | 0.178 |
| Females . | ART . | Non-ART . | Univariate P-value . | ART . | Non-ART . | Adjusted P-value** . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI—continuous (kg/m2) | 21.4 | 22.2 | ||||
| (19.7–23.1) | (20.1–24.5) | 22.1 | 23.3 | |||
| [16.5–34.6] | [15.0–50.2] | 0.032 | (20.9–23.3) | (22.4–25.5) | 0.014 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 72.9 | 75.5 | ||||
| (68.4–79.1) | (69.9–82.5) | 76.7 | 83.3 | |||
| [61.1–103.7] | [38.0–138.7] | 0.019 | (72.8–81.1) | (78.8–88.5) | 0.007 | |
| Skinfolds | ||||||
| Triceps (mm) | 16.3 | 18.4 | ||||
| (13.7–20.5) | (14.9–22.6) | 16.9 | 18.7 | |||
| [7.1–31.0] | [6.7–41.0] | 0.017 | (15.7–18.3) | (17.3–20.2) | 0.021 | |
| Subscapular (mm) | 12.1 | 14.3 | ||||
| (9.7–15.6) | (11.2–19.2) | 13.4 | 15.0 | |||
| [7.1–31.0] | [5.1–41.0] | <0.001 | (12.4–14.7) | (13.8–16.5) | 0.027 | |
| Mid-abdominal (mm) | 18.4 | 23.9 | ||||
| (14.5–24.4) | (18.4–30.3) | 19.7 | 23.2 | |||
| [7.5–33.6] | [5.4–41.0] | <0.001 | (17.8–21.7) | (20.9–25.6) | <0.001 | |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 14.1 | 17.4 | ||||
| (10.1–18.7) | (12.5–22.9) | 15.1 | 16.1 | |||
| [6.2–34.6] | [2.2–41.0] | <0.001 | (13.7–16.7) | (14.4–18.1) | 0.248 |
| Females . | ART . | Non-ART . | Univariate P-value . | ART . | Non-ART . | Adjusted P-value** . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI—continuous (kg/m2) | 21.4 | 22.2 | ||||
| (19.7–23.1) | (20.1–24.5) | 22.1 | 23.3 | |||
| [16.5–34.6] | [15.0–50.2] | 0.032 | (20.9–23.3) | (22.4–25.5) | 0.014 | |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 72.9 | 75.5 | ||||
| (68.4–79.1) | (69.9–82.5) | 76.7 | 83.3 | |||
| [61.1–103.7] | [38.0–138.7] | 0.019 | (72.8–81.1) | (78.8–88.5) | 0.007 | |
| Skinfolds | ||||||
| Triceps (mm) | 16.3 | 18.4 | ||||
| (13.7–20.5) | (14.9–22.6) | 16.9 | 18.7 | |||
| [7.1–31.0] | [6.7–41.0] | 0.017 | (15.7–18.3) | (17.3–20.2) | 0.021 | |
| Subscapular (mm) | 12.1 | 14.3 | ||||
| (9.7–15.6) | (11.2–19.2) | 13.4 | 15.0 | |||
| [7.1–31.0] | [5.1–41.0] | <0.001 | (12.4–14.7) | (13.8–16.5) | 0.027 | |
| Mid-abdominal (mm) | 18.4 | 23.9 | ||||
| (14.5–24.4) | (18.4–30.3) | 19.7 | 23.2 | |||
| [7.5–33.6] | [5.4–41.0] | <0.001 | (17.8–21.7) | (20.9–25.6) | <0.001 | |
| Suprailiac (mm) | 14.1 | 17.4 | ||||
| (10.1–18.7) | (12.5–22.9) | 15.1 | 16.1 | |||
| [6.2–34.6] | [2.2–41.0] | <0.001 | (13.7–16.7) | (14.4–18.1) | 0.248 |
Continuous outcomes are presented as medians (25th–75th percentile) [range] for univariate analyses and as mean (95% CI) after covariate adjustment. Significant outcomes (P<0.05) are presented in bold.
Adjusted for: non-singleton, gestational age, birthweight z-score, BMI, smoking, alcohol intoxication and parental cardiovascular status.
Adjusted for: non-singleton, gestational age, birthweight z-score, BMI, smoking, alcohol intoxication, oral contraceptive use and parental cardiovascular status. Waist circumference was adjusted for height instead of BMI.
GUHS, Growing Up Healthy Study; Gen2, Generation 2.
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