Table 1. Open in new tab Characteristics...

Tumor type (WHO 2016)	Total		Crude rate	WSR	Median age (interquartile range)	Male/ female	Resection	Radiotherapy^b	Chemotherapy ^b
Ependymoma^a	1384	100.0%	0.42	0.27	48 (37–59)	59.5/40.5	92.5	24.2	0.6
Supratentorial ependymoma^a	362	26.2	0.10	0.06	51 (38–63)	62.7/37.6	85.6	35.9	1.4
Infratentorial ependymoma^a	243	17.6	0.08	0.05	53 (40–63)	64.6/35.4	91.8	31.7	0.4
Spinal ependymoma^a	779	56.3	0.24	0.16	46 (35–57)	56.6/43.4	95.9	16.4	0.3
Subependymoma^a	158	11.4%	0.06	0.03	54 (44–63)	74.1/25.9	89.9	0.6	—
Myxopapillary ependymoma^a	283	20.4%	0.10	0.07	44 (32–56)	60.8/39.2	97.5	12.7	0.4
Papillary/clear cell/tanycytic ependymoma	819	59.2%	0.21	0.14	48 (38–59)	57.3/42.7	93.0	25.3	—
Anaplastic ependymoma	124	9.0%	0.03	0.03	49.5 (31–62.5)	53.2/46.8	80.6	73.4	5.6
Pilocytic astrocytoma	454	100.0%	0.13	0.14	31 (22–47)	57.9/42.1	82.6	9.7	1.1
Medulloblastoma	205	100.0%	0.05	0.05	28 (23–36)	62.0/38.0	89.8	88.8	26.3
Medulloblastoma, classic/NOS	155	75.6%	0.04	0.04	28 (23–37)	62.6/37.4	88.4	87.7	24.5
Desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma/with extensive nodularity/SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype	46	22.4%	0.01	0.01	27.5 (20–35)	60.9/39.1	93.5	91.3	30.4
Large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma	4	2.0%	0.00	0.00	34.5 (26–39)	50.0/50.0	100.0	100.0	50.0
Intracranial germ cell tumor	112	100.0%	0.03	0.04	23 (20–31)	80.4/19.6	39.3	70.5	24.1
Germinoma	83	74.1%	0.02	0.03	23 (19–29)	81.9/18.1	27.7	85.5	19.3
Nongerminoma	29	25.9%	0.01	0.01	27 (20–45)	75.9/24.1	72.4	27.6	37.9
Embryonal carcinoma	2	1.8%	0.00	0.00	24.5 (22–27)	100.0/—	—	100.0	100.0
Yolk sac tumor	2	1.8%	0.00	0.00	25.5 (20–31)	100.0/—	—	50.0	100.0
Teratoma	10	8.9%	0.00	0.00	34 (20–61)	60.0/40.0	90.0	20.0	20.0
Teratoma with malignant transformation	10	8.9%	0.00	0.00	35 (23–45)	70.0/30.0	80.0	—	10.0
Mixed and other germ cell tumor	5	4.5%	0.00	0.00	20 (20–30)	100.0/—	80.0	60.0	80.0

Tumor type (WHO 2016)

Total

Crude rate

WSR

Median age
(interquartile range)

Male/ female

Resection

Radiotherapy^b

Chemotherapy ^b

Years

%/%

Ependymoma^a

1384

100.0%

0.42

0.27

48 (37–59)

59.5/40.5

92.5

24.2

0.6

Supratentorial ependymoma^a

362

26.2

0.10

0.06

51 (38–63)

62.7/37.6

85.6

35.9

1.4

Infratentorial ependymoma^a

243

17.6

0.08

0.05

53 (40–63)

64.6/35.4

91.8

31.7

0.4

Spinal ependymoma^a

779

56.3

0.24

0.16

46 (35–57)

56.6/43.4

95.9

16.4

0.3

Subependymoma^a

158

11.4%

0.06

0.03

54 (44–63)

74.1/25.9

89.9

0.6

—

Myxopapillary ependymoma^a

283

20.4%

0.10

0.07

44 (32–56)

60.8/39.2

97.5

12.7

0.4

Papillary/clear cell/tanycytic ependymoma

819

59.2%

0.21

0.14

48 (38–59)

57.3/42.7

93.0

25.3

—

Anaplastic ependymoma

124

9.0%

0.03

49.5 (31–62.5)

53.2/46.8

80.6

73.4

5.6

Pilocytic astrocytoma

454

100.0%

0.13

0.14

31 (22–47)

57.9/42.1

82.6

9.7

1.1

Medulloblastoma

205

100.0%

0.05

28 (23–36)

62.0/38.0

89.8

88.8

26.3

Medulloblastoma, classic/NOS

155

75.6%

0.04

28 (23–37)

62.6/37.4

88.4

87.7

24.5

Desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma/with extensive nodularity/SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype

22.4%

0.01

27.5 (20–35)

60.9/39.1

93.5

91.3

30.4

Large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma

2.0%

0.00

34.5 (26–39)

50.0/50.0

100.0

50.0

Intracranial germ cell tumor

112

100.0%

0.03

0.04

23 (20–31)

80.4/19.6

39.3

70.5

24.1

Germinoma

74.1%

0.02

0.03

23 (19–29)

81.9/18.1

27.7

85.5

19.3

Nongerminoma

25.9%

0.01

27 (20–45)

75.9/24.1

72.4

27.6

37.9

Embryonal carcinoma

1.8%

0.00

24.5 (22–27)

100.0/—

—

100.0

Yolk sac tumor

1.8%

0.00

25.5 (20–31)

100.0/—

—

50.0

100.0

Teratoma

8.9%

0.00

34 (20–61)

60.0/40.0

90.0

20.0

Teratoma with malignant transformation

8.9%

0.00

35 (23–45)

70.0/30.0

80.0

—

10.0

Mixed and other germ cell tumor

4.5%

0.00

20 (20–30)

100.0/—

80.0

60.0

80.0

Tumor type (WHO 2016)	Total		Crude rate	WSR	Median age (interquartile range)	Male/ female	Resection	Radiotherapy^b	Chemotherapy ^b
Ependymoma^a	1384	100.0%	0.42	0.27	48 (37–59)	59.5/40.5	92.5	24.2	0.6
Supratentorial ependymoma^a	362	26.2	0.10	0.06	51 (38–63)	62.7/37.6	85.6	35.9	1.4
Infratentorial ependymoma^a	243	17.6	0.08	0.05	53 (40–63)	64.6/35.4	91.8	31.7	0.4
Spinal ependymoma^a	779	56.3	0.24	0.16	46 (35–57)	56.6/43.4	95.9	16.4	0.3
Subependymoma^a	158	11.4%	0.06	0.03	54 (44–63)	74.1/25.9	89.9	0.6	—
Myxopapillary ependymoma^a	283	20.4%	0.10	0.07	44 (32–56)	60.8/39.2	97.5	12.7	0.4
Papillary/clear cell/tanycytic ependymoma	819	59.2%	0.21	0.14	48 (38–59)	57.3/42.7	93.0	25.3	—
Anaplastic ependymoma	124	9.0%	0.03	0.03	49.5 (31–62.5)	53.2/46.8	80.6	73.4	5.6
Pilocytic astrocytoma	454	100.0%	0.13	0.14	31 (22–47)	57.9/42.1	82.6	9.7	1.1
Medulloblastoma	205	100.0%	0.05	0.05	28 (23–36)	62.0/38.0	89.8	88.8	26.3
Medulloblastoma, classic/NOS	155	75.6%	0.04	0.04	28 (23–37)	62.6/37.4	88.4	87.7	24.5
Desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma/with extensive nodularity/SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype	46	22.4%	0.01	0.01	27.5 (20–35)	60.9/39.1	93.5	91.3	30.4
Large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma	4	2.0%	0.00	0.00	34.5 (26–39)	50.0/50.0	100.0	100.0	50.0
Intracranial germ cell tumor	112	100.0%	0.03	0.04	23 (20–31)	80.4/19.6	39.3	70.5	24.1
Germinoma	83	74.1%	0.02	0.03	23 (19–29)	81.9/18.1	27.7	85.5	19.3
Nongerminoma	29	25.9%	0.01	0.01	27 (20–45)	75.9/24.1	72.4	27.6	37.9
Embryonal carcinoma	2	1.8%	0.00	0.00	24.5 (22–27)	100.0/—	—	100.0	100.0
Yolk sac tumor	2	1.8%	0.00	0.00	25.5 (20–31)	100.0/—	—	50.0	100.0
Teratoma	10	8.9%	0.00	0.00	34 (20–61)	60.0/40.0	90.0	20.0	20.0
Teratoma with malignant transformation	10	8.9%	0.00	0.00	35 (23–45)	70.0/30.0	80.0	—	10.0
Mixed and other germ cell tumor	5	4.5%	0.00	0.00	20 (20–30)	100.0/—	80.0	60.0	80.0

Table 1.

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Characteristics of adult patients with ependymoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, and intracranial germ cell tumors diagnosed in the Netherlands from 1989 to 2018

Tumor type (WHO 2016)	Total		Crude rate	WSR	Median age (interquartile range)	Male/ female	Resection	Radiotherapy^b	Chemotherapy ^b
	n	%			Years	%/%	%	%	%
Ependymoma^a	1384	100.0%	0.42	0.27	48 (37–59)	59.5/40.5	92.5	24.2	0.6
Supratentorial ependymoma^a	362	26.2	0.10	0.06	51 (38–63)	62.7/37.6	85.6	35.9	1.4
Infratentorial ependymoma^a	243	17.6	0.08	0.05	53 (40–63)	64.6/35.4	91.8	31.7	0.4
Spinal ependymoma^a	779	56.3	0.24	0.16	46 (35–57)	56.6/43.4	95.9	16.4	0.3
Subependymoma^a	158	11.4%	0.06	0.03	54 (44–63)	74.1/25.9	89.9	0.6	—
Myxopapillary ependymoma^a	283	20.4%	0.10	0.07	44 (32–56)	60.8/39.2	97.5	12.7	0.4
Papillary/clear cell/tanycytic ependymoma	819	59.2%	0.21	0.14	48 (38–59)	57.3/42.7	93.0	25.3	—
Anaplastic ependymoma	124	9.0%	0.03	0.03	49.5 (31–62.5)	53.2/46.8	80.6	73.4	5.6
Pilocytic astrocytoma	454	100.0%	0.13	0.14	31 (22–47)	57.9/42.1	82.6	9.7	1.1
Medulloblastoma	205	100.0%	0.05	0.05	28 (23–36)	62.0/38.0	89.8	88.8	26.3
Medulloblastoma, classic/NOS	155	75.6%	0.04	0.04	28 (23–37)	62.6/37.4	88.4	87.7	24.5
Desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma/with extensive nodularity/SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype	46	22.4%	0.01	0.01	27.5 (20–35)	60.9/39.1	93.5	91.3	30.4
Large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma	4	2.0%	0.00	0.00	34.5 (26–39)	50.0/50.0	100.0	100.0	50.0
Intracranial germ cell tumor	112	100.0%	0.03	0.04	23 (20–31)	80.4/19.6	39.3	70.5	24.1
Germinoma	83	74.1%	0.02	0.03	23 (19–29)	81.9/18.1	27.7	85.5	19.3
Nongerminoma	29	25.9%	0.01	0.01	27 (20–45)	75.9/24.1	72.4	27.6	37.9
Embryonal carcinoma	2	1.8%	0.00	0.00	24.5 (22–27)	100.0/—	—	100.0	100.0
Yolk sac tumor	2	1.8%	0.00	0.00	25.5 (20–31)	100.0/—	—	50.0	100.0
Teratoma	10	8.9%	0.00	0.00	34 (20–61)	60.0/40.0	90.0	20.0	20.0
Teratoma with malignant transformation	10	8.9%	0.00	0.00	35 (23–45)	70.0/30.0	80.0	—	10.0
Mixed and other germ cell tumor	5	4.5%	0.00	0.00	20 (20–30)	100.0/—	80.0	60.0	80.0

Tumor type (WHO 2016)	Total		Crude rate	WSR	Median age (interquartile range)	Male/ female	Resection	Radiotherapy^b	Chemotherapy ^b
	n	%			Years	%/%	%	%	%
Ependymoma^a	1384	100.0%	0.42	0.27	48 (37–59)	59.5/40.5	92.5	24.2	0.6
Supratentorial ependymoma^a	362	26.2	0.10	0.06	51 (38–63)	62.7/37.6	85.6	35.9	1.4
Infratentorial ependymoma^a	243	17.6	0.08	0.05	53 (40–63)	64.6/35.4	91.8	31.7	0.4
Spinal ependymoma^a	779	56.3	0.24	0.16	46 (35–57)	56.6/43.4	95.9	16.4	0.3
Subependymoma^a	158	11.4%	0.06	0.03	54 (44–63)	74.1/25.9	89.9	0.6	—
Myxopapillary ependymoma^a	283	20.4%	0.10	0.07	44 (32–56)	60.8/39.2	97.5	12.7	0.4
Papillary/clear cell/tanycytic ependymoma	819	59.2%	0.21	0.14	48 (38–59)	57.3/42.7	93.0	25.3	—
Anaplastic ependymoma	124	9.0%	0.03	0.03	49.5 (31–62.5)	53.2/46.8	80.6	73.4	5.6
Pilocytic astrocytoma	454	100.0%	0.13	0.14	31 (22–47)	57.9/42.1	82.6	9.7	1.1
Medulloblastoma	205	100.0%	0.05	0.05	28 (23–36)	62.0/38.0	89.8	88.8	26.3
Medulloblastoma, classic/NOS	155	75.6%	0.04	0.04	28 (23–37)	62.6/37.4	88.4	87.7	24.5
Desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma/with extensive nodularity/SHH-activated and TP53-wildtype	46	22.4%	0.01	0.01	27.5 (20–35)	60.9/39.1	93.5	91.3	30.4
Large cell/anaplastic medulloblastoma	4	2.0%	0.00	0.00	34.5 (26–39)	50.0/50.0	100.0	100.0	50.0
Intracranial germ cell tumor	112	100.0%	0.03	0.04	23 (20–31)	80.4/19.6	39.3	70.5	24.1
Germinoma	83	74.1%	0.02	0.03	23 (19–29)	81.9/18.1	27.7	85.5	19.3
Nongerminoma	29	25.9%	0.01	0.01	27 (20–45)	75.9/24.1	72.4	27.6	37.9
Embryonal carcinoma	2	1.8%	0.00	0.00	24.5 (22–27)	100.0/—	—	100.0	100.0
Yolk sac tumor	2	1.8%	0.00	0.00	25.5 (20–31)	100.0/—	—	50.0	100.0
Teratoma	10	8.9%	0.00	0.00	34 (20–61)	60.0/40.0	90.0	20.0	20.0
Teratoma with malignant transformation	10	8.9%	0.00	0.00	35 (23–45)	70.0/30.0	80.0	—	10.0
Mixed and other germ cell tumor	5	4.5%	0.00	0.00	20 (20–30)	100.0/—	80.0	60.0	80.0

NOS, not otherwise specified; WSR, World Standardized Rate.

^aIncidence rates calculated over the period 1999–2018.

^bAs (part of) primary treatment.

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