Table 2 Open in new tab HRs and 95%...

	Total	Men	Women
Drinking pattern (ref. no alcohol)
5+ daily	2.45 (1.61, 3.72)^‡	2.40 (1.62, 3.54)^‡	2.31 (1.44, 3.71)^†	2.37 (1.47, 3.80)^‡	2.69 (1.08, 6.72)^*	2.75 (1.14, 6.66)^*
5+ weekly, but <daily	1.86 (1.44, 2.39)^‡	1.81 (1.41, 2.33)^‡	1.74 (1.25, 2.43)^†	1.72 (1.24, 2.38)^†	2.10 (1.44, 3.06)^‡	2.02 (1.38, 2.95)^‡
5+ monthly, but <weekly	1.54 (1.19, 1.98)^†	1.50 (1.18, 1.91)^†	1.47 (1.04, 2.08)^*	1.46 (1.04, 2.05)^*	1.65 (1.14, 2.38)^†	1.55 (1.08, 2.23)^*
Alcohol ≥weekly, 5+ ≤ yearly	1.54 (1.11, 2.13)^†	1.48 (1.09, 2.02)^*	1.27 (0.77, 2.11)	1.33 (0.82, 2.16)	1.90 (1.24, 2.89)^†	1.73 (1.15, 2.62)^†
Alcohol monthly (<weekly), 5+ ≤ yearly	1.08 (0.79, 1.47)	1.08 (0.79, 1.47)	1.30 (0.85, 1.98)	1.30 (0.86, 1.98)	0.82 (0.51, 1.31)	0.85 (0.54, 1.36)
Alcohol yearly or less	1.21 (0.96, 1.52)	1.14 (0.91, 1.42)	1.17 (0.83, 1.66)	1.21 (0.86, 1.71)	1.28 (0.96, 1.72)	1.25 (0.94, 1.66)
Lifetime abstainers	0.76 (0.54, 1.05)	0.75 (0.54, 1.03)	0.64 (0.40, 1.01)	0.63 (0.40, 0.99)^*	0.94 (0.59, 1.48)	0.93 (0.59, 1.48)
Gender male	1.40 (1.21, 1.64)^‡	1.43 (1.23, 1.66)^‡	-	-	-	-
Race/ethnicity (ref. white)
Black	0.87 (0.70, 1.09)	Stratified	0.92 (0.68, 1.24)	0.91 (0.67, 1.23)	0.82 (0.60, 1.13)	Stratified
Hispanic	0.85 (0.69, 1.05)	Stratified	0.94 (0.70, 1.24)	0.93 (0.70, 1.24)	0.74 (0.55, 0.99)^*	Stratified
Other	0.98 (0.71, 1.35)	Stratified	0.81 (0.49, 1.34)	0.80 (0.49, 1.32)	1.15 (0.77, 1.74)	Stratified
Education (ref. < HS grad)
HS grad	0.80 (0.58, 1.09)	Stratified	0.70 (0.47, 1.05)	0.69 (0.46, 1.02)	1.01 (0.62, 1.65)	1.03 (0.62, 1.68)
Some college	0.97 (0.71, 1.32)	Stratified	0.84 (0.56, 1.26)	0.82 (0.56, 1.22)	1.30 (0.79, 2.13)	1.42 (0.86, 2.34)
College grad	0.75 (0.55, 1.05)	Stratified	0.64 (0.42, 0.97)^*	0.64 (0.42, 0.96)^*	1.09 (0.65, 1.84)	1.22 (0.72, 2.06)
Family income (ref. ≤$20,000)
$20,001–$40,000	0.77 (0.60, 0.98)^*	Stratified	0.79 (0.56, 1.11)	Stratified	0.72 (0.51, 1.00)	Stratified
$40,001–$60,000	0.69 (0.54, 0.88)^†	Stratified	0.76 (0.54, 1.06)	Stratified	0.55 (0.39, 0.78)^†	Stratified
$60,001–$100,000	0.65 (0.50, 0.86)^†	Stratified	0.67 (0.46, 0.98)^*	Stratified	0.60 (0.41, 0.86)^†	Stratified
>$100,000	0.56 (0.41, 0.75)^‡	Stratified	0.64 (0.43, 0.96)^*	Stratified	0.43 (0.27, 0.69)^‡	Stratified
Missing	0.70 (0.52, 0.93)^*	Stratified	0.77 (0.51, 1.16)	Stratified	0.60 (0.40, 0.90)^*	Stratified
Marital status (ref. married)
Never married	1.15 (0.94, 1.41)	1.15 (0.94, 1.40)	1.18 (0.90, 1.56)	1.19 (0.91, 1.57)	1.15 (0.86, 1.54)	1.11 (0.83, 1.47)
Separate/divorced/ widowed	1.07 (0.86, 1.34)	1.01 (0.82, 1.25)	1.21 (0.88, 1.67)	1.21 (0.88, 1.65)	0.93 (0.70, 1.23)	0.84 (0.62, 1.13)
Risk taking scale	1.19 (1.06, 1.34)^†	1.22 (1.09, 1.35)^‡	1.21 (1.03, 1.41)^*	1.23 (1.05, 1.44)^*	1.16 (0.99, 1.36)	1.16 (0.99, 1.35)
NAS19–20 versus NAS14–15	0.80 (0.68, 0.94)^†	Stratified	0.69 (0.55, 0.86)^†	Stratified	1.02 (0.81, 1.28)	Stratified
Test of proportional hazards (P value)	<0.001	0.049	<0.001	0.151	<0.001	0.047

Total

Men

Women

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Drinking pattern (ref. no alcohol)

5+ daily

2.45 (1.61, 3.72)^‡

2.40 (1.62, 3.54)^‡

2.31 (1.44, 3.71)^†

2.37 (1.47, 3.80)^‡

2.69 (1.08, 6.72)^*

2.75 (1.14, 6.66)^*

5+ weekly, but <daily

1.86 (1.44, 2.39)^‡

1.81 (1.41, 2.33)^‡

1.74 (1.25, 2.43)^†

1.72 (1.24, 2.38)^†

2.10 (1.44, 3.06)^‡

2.02 (1.38, 2.95)^‡

5+ monthly, but <weekly

1.54 (1.19, 1.98)^†

1.50 (1.18, 1.91)^†

1.47 (1.04, 2.08)^*

1.46 (1.04, 2.05)^*

1.65 (1.14, 2.38)^†

1.55 (1.08, 2.23)^*

Alcohol ≥weekly, 5+ ≤ yearly

1.54 (1.11, 2.13)^†

1.48 (1.09, 2.02)^*

1.27 (0.77, 2.11)

1.33 (0.82, 2.16)

1.90 (1.24, 2.89)^†

1.73 (1.15, 2.62)^†

Alcohol monthly (<weekly), 5+ ≤ yearly

1.08 (0.79, 1.47)

1.30 (0.85, 1.98)

1.30 (0.86, 1.98)

0.82 (0.51, 1.31)

0.85 (0.54, 1.36)

Alcohol yearly or less

1.21 (0.96, 1.52)

1.14 (0.91, 1.42)

1.17 (0.83, 1.66)

1.21 (0.86, 1.71)

1.28 (0.96, 1.72)

1.25 (0.94, 1.66)

Lifetime abstainers

0.76 (0.54, 1.05)

0.75 (0.54, 1.03)

0.64 (0.40, 1.01)

0.63 (0.40, 0.99)^*

0.94 (0.59, 1.48)

0.93 (0.59, 1.48)

Gender male

1.40 (1.21, 1.64)^‡

1.43 (1.23, 1.66)^‡

Race/ethnicity (ref. white)

Black

0.87 (0.70, 1.09)

Stratified

0.92 (0.68, 1.24)

0.91 (0.67, 1.23)

0.82 (0.60, 1.13)

Stratified

Hispanic

0.85 (0.69, 1.05)

Stratified

0.94 (0.70, 1.24)

0.93 (0.70, 1.24)

0.74 (0.55, 0.99)^*

Stratified

Other

0.98 (0.71, 1.35)

Stratified

0.81 (0.49, 1.34)

0.80 (0.49, 1.32)

1.15 (0.77, 1.74)

Stratified

Education (ref. < HS grad)

HS grad

0.80 (0.58, 1.09)

Stratified

0.70 (0.47, 1.05)

0.69 (0.46, 1.02)

1.01 (0.62, 1.65)

1.03 (0.62, 1.68)

Some college

0.97 (0.71, 1.32)

Stratified

0.84 (0.56, 1.26)

0.82 (0.56, 1.22)

1.30 (0.79, 2.13)

1.42 (0.86, 2.34)

College grad

0.75 (0.55, 1.05)

Stratified

0.64 (0.42, 0.97)^*

0.64 (0.42, 0.96)^*

1.09 (0.65, 1.84)

1.22 (0.72, 2.06)

Family income (ref. ≤$20,000)

$20,001–$40,000

0.77 (0.60, 0.98)^*

Stratified

0.79 (0.56, 1.11)

Stratified

0.72 (0.51, 1.00)

Stratified

$40,001–$60,000

0.69 (0.54, 0.88)^†

Stratified

0.76 (0.54, 1.06)

Stratified

0.55 (0.39, 0.78)^†

Stratified

$60,001–$100,000

0.65 (0.50, 0.86)^†

Stratified

0.67 (0.46, 0.98)^*

Stratified

0.60 (0.41, 0.86)^†

Stratified

>$100,000

0.56 (0.41, 0.75)^‡

Stratified

0.64 (0.43, 0.96)^*

Stratified

0.43 (0.27, 0.69)^‡

Stratified

Missing

0.70 (0.52, 0.93)^*

Stratified

0.77 (0.51, 1.16)

Stratified

0.60 (0.40, 0.90)^*

Stratified

Marital status (ref. married)

Never married

1.15 (0.94, 1.41)

1.15 (0.94, 1.40)

1.18 (0.90, 1.56)

1.19 (0.91, 1.57)

1.15 (0.86, 1.54)

1.11 (0.83, 1.47)

Separate/divorced/ widowed

1.07 (0.86, 1.34)

1.01 (0.82, 1.25)

1.21 (0.88, 1.67)

1.21 (0.88, 1.65)

0.93 (0.70, 1.23)

0.84 (0.62, 1.13)

Risk taking scale

1.19 (1.06, 1.34)^†

1.22 (1.09, 1.35)^‡

1.21 (1.03, 1.41)^*

1.23 (1.05, 1.44)^*

1.16 (0.99, 1.36)

1.16 (0.99, 1.35)

NAS19–20 versus NAS14–15

0.80 (0.68, 0.94)^†

Stratified

0.69 (0.55, 0.86)^†

Stratified

1.02 (0.81, 1.28)

Stratified

Test of proportional hazards (P value)

<0.001

0.049

<0.001

0.151

<0.001

0.047

	Total	Men	Women
Drinking pattern (ref. no alcohol)
5+ daily	2.45 (1.61, 3.72)^‡	2.40 (1.62, 3.54)^‡	2.31 (1.44, 3.71)^†	2.37 (1.47, 3.80)^‡	2.69 (1.08, 6.72)^*	2.75 (1.14, 6.66)^*
5+ weekly, but <daily	1.86 (1.44, 2.39)^‡	1.81 (1.41, 2.33)^‡	1.74 (1.25, 2.43)^†	1.72 (1.24, 2.38)^†	2.10 (1.44, 3.06)^‡	2.02 (1.38, 2.95)^‡
5+ monthly, but <weekly	1.54 (1.19, 1.98)^†	1.50 (1.18, 1.91)^†	1.47 (1.04, 2.08)^*	1.46 (1.04, 2.05)^*	1.65 (1.14, 2.38)^†	1.55 (1.08, 2.23)^*
Alcohol ≥weekly, 5+ ≤ yearly	1.54 (1.11, 2.13)^†	1.48 (1.09, 2.02)^*	1.27 (0.77, 2.11)	1.33 (0.82, 2.16)	1.90 (1.24, 2.89)^†	1.73 (1.15, 2.62)^†
Alcohol monthly (<weekly), 5+ ≤ yearly	1.08 (0.79, 1.47)	1.08 (0.79, 1.47)	1.30 (0.85, 1.98)	1.30 (0.86, 1.98)	0.82 (0.51, 1.31)	0.85 (0.54, 1.36)
Alcohol yearly or less	1.21 (0.96, 1.52)	1.14 (0.91, 1.42)	1.17 (0.83, 1.66)	1.21 (0.86, 1.71)	1.28 (0.96, 1.72)	1.25 (0.94, 1.66)
Lifetime abstainers	0.76 (0.54, 1.05)	0.75 (0.54, 1.03)	0.64 (0.40, 1.01)	0.63 (0.40, 0.99)^*	0.94 (0.59, 1.48)	0.93 (0.59, 1.48)
Gender male	1.40 (1.21, 1.64)^‡	1.43 (1.23, 1.66)^‡	-	-	-	-
Race/ethnicity (ref. white)
Black	0.87 (0.70, 1.09)	Stratified	0.92 (0.68, 1.24)	0.91 (0.67, 1.23)	0.82 (0.60, 1.13)	Stratified
Hispanic	0.85 (0.69, 1.05)	Stratified	0.94 (0.70, 1.24)	0.93 (0.70, 1.24)	0.74 (0.55, 0.99)^*	Stratified
Other	0.98 (0.71, 1.35)	Stratified	0.81 (0.49, 1.34)	0.80 (0.49, 1.32)	1.15 (0.77, 1.74)	Stratified
Education (ref. < HS grad)
HS grad	0.80 (0.58, 1.09)	Stratified	0.70 (0.47, 1.05)	0.69 (0.46, 1.02)	1.01 (0.62, 1.65)	1.03 (0.62, 1.68)
Some college	0.97 (0.71, 1.32)	Stratified	0.84 (0.56, 1.26)	0.82 (0.56, 1.22)	1.30 (0.79, 2.13)	1.42 (0.86, 2.34)
College grad	0.75 (0.55, 1.05)	Stratified	0.64 (0.42, 0.97)^*	0.64 (0.42, 0.96)^*	1.09 (0.65, 1.84)	1.22 (0.72, 2.06)
Family income (ref. ≤$20,000)
$20,001–$40,000	0.77 (0.60, 0.98)^*	Stratified	0.79 (0.56, 1.11)	Stratified	0.72 (0.51, 1.00)	Stratified
$40,001–$60,000	0.69 (0.54, 0.88)^†	Stratified	0.76 (0.54, 1.06)	Stratified	0.55 (0.39, 0.78)^†	Stratified
$60,001–$100,000	0.65 (0.50, 0.86)^†	Stratified	0.67 (0.46, 0.98)^*	Stratified	0.60 (0.41, 0.86)^†	Stratified
>$100,000	0.56 (0.41, 0.75)^‡	Stratified	0.64 (0.43, 0.96)^*	Stratified	0.43 (0.27, 0.69)^‡	Stratified
Missing	0.70 (0.52, 0.93)^*	Stratified	0.77 (0.51, 1.16)	Stratified	0.60 (0.40, 0.90)^*	Stratified
Marital status (ref. married)
Never married	1.15 (0.94, 1.41)	1.15 (0.94, 1.40)	1.18 (0.90, 1.56)	1.19 (0.91, 1.57)	1.15 (0.86, 1.54)	1.11 (0.83, 1.47)
Separate/divorced/ widowed	1.07 (0.86, 1.34)	1.01 (0.82, 1.25)	1.21 (0.88, 1.67)	1.21 (0.88, 1.65)	0.93 (0.70, 1.23)	0.84 (0.62, 1.13)
Risk taking scale	1.19 (1.06, 1.34)^†	1.22 (1.09, 1.35)^‡	1.21 (1.03, 1.41)^*	1.23 (1.05, 1.44)^*	1.16 (0.99, 1.36)	1.16 (0.99, 1.35)
NAS19–20 versus NAS14–15	0.80 (0.68, 0.94)^†	Stratified	0.69 (0.55, 0.86)^†	Stratified	1.02 (0.81, 1.28)	Stratified
Test of proportional hazards (P value)	<0.001	0.049	<0.001	0.151	<0.001	0.047

Total

Men

Women

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

Drinking pattern (ref. no alcohol)

5+ daily

2.45 (1.61, 3.72)^‡

2.40 (1.62, 3.54)^‡

2.31 (1.44, 3.71)^†

2.37 (1.47, 3.80)^‡

2.69 (1.08, 6.72)^*

2.75 (1.14, 6.66)^*

5+ weekly, but <daily

1.86 (1.44, 2.39)^‡

1.81 (1.41, 2.33)^‡

1.74 (1.25, 2.43)^†

1.72 (1.24, 2.38)^†

2.10 (1.44, 3.06)^‡

2.02 (1.38, 2.95)^‡

5+ monthly, but <weekly

1.54 (1.19, 1.98)^†

1.50 (1.18, 1.91)^†

1.47 (1.04, 2.08)^*

1.46 (1.04, 2.05)^*

1.65 (1.14, 2.38)^†

1.55 (1.08, 2.23)^*

Alcohol ≥weekly, 5+ ≤ yearly

1.54 (1.11, 2.13)^†

1.48 (1.09, 2.02)^*

1.27 (0.77, 2.11)

1.33 (0.82, 2.16)

1.90 (1.24, 2.89)^†

1.73 (1.15, 2.62)^†

Alcohol monthly (<weekly), 5+ ≤ yearly

1.08 (0.79, 1.47)

1.30 (0.85, 1.98)

1.30 (0.86, 1.98)

0.82 (0.51, 1.31)

0.85 (0.54, 1.36)

Alcohol yearly or less

1.21 (0.96, 1.52)

1.14 (0.91, 1.42)

1.17 (0.83, 1.66)

1.21 (0.86, 1.71)

1.28 (0.96, 1.72)

1.25 (0.94, 1.66)

Lifetime abstainers

0.76 (0.54, 1.05)

0.75 (0.54, 1.03)

0.64 (0.40, 1.01)

0.63 (0.40, 0.99)^*

0.94 (0.59, 1.48)

0.93 (0.59, 1.48)

Gender male

1.40 (1.21, 1.64)^‡

1.43 (1.23, 1.66)^‡

Race/ethnicity (ref. white)

Black

0.87 (0.70, 1.09)

Stratified

0.92 (0.68, 1.24)

0.91 (0.67, 1.23)

0.82 (0.60, 1.13)

Stratified

Hispanic

0.85 (0.69, 1.05)

Stratified

0.94 (0.70, 1.24)

0.93 (0.70, 1.24)

0.74 (0.55, 0.99)^*

Stratified

Other

0.98 (0.71, 1.35)

Stratified

0.81 (0.49, 1.34)

0.80 (0.49, 1.32)

1.15 (0.77, 1.74)

Stratified

Education (ref. < HS grad)

HS grad

0.80 (0.58, 1.09)

Stratified

0.70 (0.47, 1.05)

0.69 (0.46, 1.02)

1.01 (0.62, 1.65)

1.03 (0.62, 1.68)

Some college

0.97 (0.71, 1.32)

Stratified

0.84 (0.56, 1.26)

0.82 (0.56, 1.22)

1.30 (0.79, 2.13)

1.42 (0.86, 2.34)

College grad

0.75 (0.55, 1.05)

Stratified

0.64 (0.42, 0.97)^*

0.64 (0.42, 0.96)^*

1.09 (0.65, 1.84)

1.22 (0.72, 2.06)

Family income (ref. ≤$20,000)

$20,001–$40,000

0.77 (0.60, 0.98)^*

Stratified

0.79 (0.56, 1.11)

Stratified

0.72 (0.51, 1.00)

Stratified

$40,001–$60,000

0.69 (0.54, 0.88)^†

Stratified

0.76 (0.54, 1.06)

Stratified

0.55 (0.39, 0.78)^†

Stratified

$60,001–$100,000

0.65 (0.50, 0.86)^†

Stratified

0.67 (0.46, 0.98)^*

Stratified

0.60 (0.41, 0.86)^†

Stratified

>$100,000

0.56 (0.41, 0.75)^‡

Stratified

0.64 (0.43, 0.96)^*

Stratified

0.43 (0.27, 0.69)^‡

Stratified

Missing

0.70 (0.52, 0.93)^*

Stratified

0.77 (0.51, 1.16)

Stratified

0.60 (0.40, 0.90)^*

Stratified

Marital status (ref. married)

Never married

1.15 (0.94, 1.41)

1.15 (0.94, 1.40)

1.18 (0.90, 1.56)

1.19 (0.91, 1.57)

1.15 (0.86, 1.54)

1.11 (0.83, 1.47)

Separate/divorced/ widowed

1.07 (0.86, 1.34)

1.01 (0.82, 1.25)

1.21 (0.88, 1.67)

1.21 (0.88, 1.65)

0.93 (0.70, 1.23)

0.84 (0.62, 1.13)

Risk taking scale

1.19 (1.06, 1.34)^†

1.22 (1.09, 1.35)^‡

1.21 (1.03, 1.41)^*

1.23 (1.05, 1.44)^*

1.16 (0.99, 1.36)

1.16 (0.99, 1.35)

NAS19–20 versus NAS14–15

0.80 (0.68, 0.94)^†

Stratified

0.69 (0.55, 0.86)^†

Stratified

1.02 (0.81, 1.28)

Stratified

Test of proportional hazards (P value)

<0.001

0.049

<0.001

0.151

<0.001

0.047

Table 2

Open in new tab

HRs and 95% confidence intervals of Cox model predicting lifetime injury from a serious accident for US population aged 18–59

	Total		Men		Women
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2
Drinking pattern (ref. no alcohol)
5+ daily	2.45 (1.61, 3.72)^‡	2.40 (1.62, 3.54)^‡	2.31 (1.44, 3.71)^†	2.37 (1.47, 3.80)^‡	2.69 (1.08, 6.72)^*	2.75 (1.14, 6.66)^*
5+ weekly, but <daily	1.86 (1.44, 2.39)^‡	1.81 (1.41, 2.33)^‡	1.74 (1.25, 2.43)^†	1.72 (1.24, 2.38)^†	2.10 (1.44, 3.06)^‡	2.02 (1.38, 2.95)^‡
5+ monthly, but <weekly	1.54 (1.19, 1.98)^†	1.50 (1.18, 1.91)^†	1.47 (1.04, 2.08)^*	1.46 (1.04, 2.05)^*	1.65 (1.14, 2.38)^†	1.55 (1.08, 2.23)^*
Alcohol ≥weekly, 5+ ≤ yearly	1.54 (1.11, 2.13)^†	1.48 (1.09, 2.02)^*	1.27 (0.77, 2.11)	1.33 (0.82, 2.16)	1.90 (1.24, 2.89)^†	1.73 (1.15, 2.62)^†
Alcohol monthly (<weekly), 5+ ≤ yearly	1.08 (0.79, 1.47)	1.08 (0.79, 1.47)	1.30 (0.85, 1.98)	1.30 (0.86, 1.98)	0.82 (0.51, 1.31)	0.85 (0.54, 1.36)
Alcohol yearly or less	1.21 (0.96, 1.52)	1.14 (0.91, 1.42)	1.17 (0.83, 1.66)	1.21 (0.86, 1.71)	1.28 (0.96, 1.72)	1.25 (0.94, 1.66)
Lifetime abstainers	0.76 (0.54, 1.05)	0.75 (0.54, 1.03)	0.64 (0.40, 1.01)	0.63 (0.40, 0.99)^*	0.94 (0.59, 1.48)	0.93 (0.59, 1.48)
Gender male	1.40 (1.21, 1.64)^‡	1.43 (1.23, 1.66)^‡	-	-	-	-
Race/ethnicity (ref. white)
Black	0.87 (0.70, 1.09)	Stratified	0.92 (0.68, 1.24)	0.91 (0.67, 1.23)	0.82 (0.60, 1.13)	Stratified
Hispanic	0.85 (0.69, 1.05)	Stratified	0.94 (0.70, 1.24)	0.93 (0.70, 1.24)	0.74 (0.55, 0.99)^*	Stratified
Other	0.98 (0.71, 1.35)	Stratified	0.81 (0.49, 1.34)	0.80 (0.49, 1.32)	1.15 (0.77, 1.74)	Stratified
Education (ref. < HS grad)
HS grad	0.80 (0.58, 1.09)	Stratified	0.70 (0.47, 1.05)	0.69 (0.46, 1.02)	1.01 (0.62, 1.65)	1.03 (0.62, 1.68)
Some college	0.97 (0.71, 1.32)	Stratified	0.84 (0.56, 1.26)	0.82 (0.56, 1.22)	1.30 (0.79, 2.13)	1.42 (0.86, 2.34)
College grad	0.75 (0.55, 1.05)	Stratified	0.64 (0.42, 0.97)^*	0.64 (0.42, 0.96)^*	1.09 (0.65, 1.84)	1.22 (0.72, 2.06)
Family income (ref. ≤$20,000)
$20,001–$40,000	0.77 (0.60, 0.98)^*	Stratified	0.79 (0.56, 1.11)	Stratified	0.72 (0.51, 1.00)	Stratified
$40,001–$60,000	0.69 (0.54, 0.88)^†	Stratified	0.76 (0.54, 1.06)	Stratified	0.55 (0.39, 0.78)^†	Stratified
$60,001–$100,000	0.65 (0.50, 0.86)^†	Stratified	0.67 (0.46, 0.98)^*	Stratified	0.60 (0.41, 0.86)^†	Stratified
>$100,000	0.56 (0.41, 0.75)^‡	Stratified	0.64 (0.43, 0.96)^*	Stratified	0.43 (0.27, 0.69)^‡	Stratified
Missing	0.70 (0.52, 0.93)^*	Stratified	0.77 (0.51, 1.16)	Stratified	0.60 (0.40, 0.90)^*	Stratified
Marital status (ref. married)
Never married	1.15 (0.94, 1.41)	1.15 (0.94, 1.40)	1.18 (0.90, 1.56)	1.19 (0.91, 1.57)	1.15 (0.86, 1.54)	1.11 (0.83, 1.47)
Separate/divorced/ widowed	1.07 (0.86, 1.34)	1.01 (0.82, 1.25)	1.21 (0.88, 1.67)	1.21 (0.88, 1.65)	0.93 (0.70, 1.23)	0.84 (0.62, 1.13)
Risk taking scale	1.19 (1.06, 1.34)^†	1.22 (1.09, 1.35)^‡	1.21 (1.03, 1.41)^*	1.23 (1.05, 1.44)^*	1.16 (0.99, 1.36)	1.16 (0.99, 1.35)
NAS19–20 versus NAS14–15	0.80 (0.68, 0.94)^†	Stratified	0.69 (0.55, 0.86)^†	Stratified	1.02 (0.81, 1.28)	Stratified
Test of proportional hazards (P value)	<0.001	0.049	<0.001	0.151	<0.001	0.047

	Total		Men		Women
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2
Drinking pattern (ref. no alcohol)
5+ daily	2.45 (1.61, 3.72)^‡	2.40 (1.62, 3.54)^‡	2.31 (1.44, 3.71)^†	2.37 (1.47, 3.80)^‡	2.69 (1.08, 6.72)^*	2.75 (1.14, 6.66)^*
5+ weekly, but <daily	1.86 (1.44, 2.39)^‡	1.81 (1.41, 2.33)^‡	1.74 (1.25, 2.43)^†	1.72 (1.24, 2.38)^†	2.10 (1.44, 3.06)^‡	2.02 (1.38, 2.95)^‡
5+ monthly, but <weekly	1.54 (1.19, 1.98)^†	1.50 (1.18, 1.91)^†	1.47 (1.04, 2.08)^*	1.46 (1.04, 2.05)^*	1.65 (1.14, 2.38)^†	1.55 (1.08, 2.23)^*
Alcohol ≥weekly, 5+ ≤ yearly	1.54 (1.11, 2.13)^†	1.48 (1.09, 2.02)^*	1.27 (0.77, 2.11)	1.33 (0.82, 2.16)	1.90 (1.24, 2.89)^†	1.73 (1.15, 2.62)^†
Alcohol monthly (<weekly), 5+ ≤ yearly	1.08 (0.79, 1.47)	1.08 (0.79, 1.47)	1.30 (0.85, 1.98)	1.30 (0.86, 1.98)	0.82 (0.51, 1.31)	0.85 (0.54, 1.36)
Alcohol yearly or less	1.21 (0.96, 1.52)	1.14 (0.91, 1.42)	1.17 (0.83, 1.66)	1.21 (0.86, 1.71)	1.28 (0.96, 1.72)	1.25 (0.94, 1.66)
Lifetime abstainers	0.76 (0.54, 1.05)	0.75 (0.54, 1.03)	0.64 (0.40, 1.01)	0.63 (0.40, 0.99)^*	0.94 (0.59, 1.48)	0.93 (0.59, 1.48)
Gender male	1.40 (1.21, 1.64)^‡	1.43 (1.23, 1.66)^‡	-	-	-	-
Race/ethnicity (ref. white)
Black	0.87 (0.70, 1.09)	Stratified	0.92 (0.68, 1.24)	0.91 (0.67, 1.23)	0.82 (0.60, 1.13)	Stratified
Hispanic	0.85 (0.69, 1.05)	Stratified	0.94 (0.70, 1.24)	0.93 (0.70, 1.24)	0.74 (0.55, 0.99)^*	Stratified
Other	0.98 (0.71, 1.35)	Stratified	0.81 (0.49, 1.34)	0.80 (0.49, 1.32)	1.15 (0.77, 1.74)	Stratified
Education (ref. < HS grad)
HS grad	0.80 (0.58, 1.09)	Stratified	0.70 (0.47, 1.05)	0.69 (0.46, 1.02)	1.01 (0.62, 1.65)	1.03 (0.62, 1.68)
Some college	0.97 (0.71, 1.32)	Stratified	0.84 (0.56, 1.26)	0.82 (0.56, 1.22)	1.30 (0.79, 2.13)	1.42 (0.86, 2.34)
College grad	0.75 (0.55, 1.05)	Stratified	0.64 (0.42, 0.97)^*	0.64 (0.42, 0.96)^*	1.09 (0.65, 1.84)	1.22 (0.72, 2.06)
Family income (ref. ≤$20,000)
$20,001–$40,000	0.77 (0.60, 0.98)^*	Stratified	0.79 (0.56, 1.11)	Stratified	0.72 (0.51, 1.00)	Stratified
$40,001–$60,000	0.69 (0.54, 0.88)^†	Stratified	0.76 (0.54, 1.06)	Stratified	0.55 (0.39, 0.78)^†	Stratified
$60,001–$100,000	0.65 (0.50, 0.86)^†	Stratified	0.67 (0.46, 0.98)^*	Stratified	0.60 (0.41, 0.86)^†	Stratified
>$100,000	0.56 (0.41, 0.75)^‡	Stratified	0.64 (0.43, 0.96)^*	Stratified	0.43 (0.27, 0.69)^‡	Stratified
Missing	0.70 (0.52, 0.93)^*	Stratified	0.77 (0.51, 1.16)	Stratified	0.60 (0.40, 0.90)^*	Stratified
Marital status (ref. married)
Never married	1.15 (0.94, 1.41)	1.15 (0.94, 1.40)	1.18 (0.90, 1.56)	1.19 (0.91, 1.57)	1.15 (0.86, 1.54)	1.11 (0.83, 1.47)
Separate/divorced/ widowed	1.07 (0.86, 1.34)	1.01 (0.82, 1.25)	1.21 (0.88, 1.67)	1.21 (0.88, 1.65)	0.93 (0.70, 1.23)	0.84 (0.62, 1.13)
Risk taking scale	1.19 (1.06, 1.34)^†	1.22 (1.09, 1.35)^‡	1.21 (1.03, 1.41)^*	1.23 (1.05, 1.44)^*	1.16 (0.99, 1.36)	1.16 (0.99, 1.35)
NAS19–20 versus NAS14–15	0.80 (0.68, 0.94)^†	Stratified	0.69 (0.55, 0.86)^†	Stratified	1.02 (0.81, 1.28)	Stratified
Test of proportional hazards (P value)	<0.001	0.049	<0.001	0.151	<0.001	0.047

^‡P < 0.001,

^†P < 0.01,

^*P < 0.05.

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