Table 1. Open in new tab Descriptive...

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
POOLED	0.04	1.56	2.05	0.90	2.74	1.39	25.03	16.01
AT	−0.08	0.60	2.37	0.00	4.87	0.36	30.21	2.04
BE	−0.16	0.66	1.92	0.07	3.34	0.12	54.34	0.47
CZ	−0.54	1.05	3.21	0.12	2.85	0.12	18.88	1.53
DE	−0.72	0.56	2.68	0.00	4.38	0.26	19.82	1.47
DK	0.49	1.23	2.13	0.00	6.47	0.32	68.57	1.51
EE	0.52	3.92	2.62	0.32	1.52	0.07	8.53	1.09
EL	1.69	2.58	2.80	0.00	1.19	0.14	23.87	0.25
ES	2.47	2.23	2.36	0.00	3.63	0.05	16.13	1.26
FI	−0.14	0.78	2.17	0.00	4.97	0.22	69.86	0.93
FR	0.27	0.62	2.42	0.04	4.44	0.23	7.68	0.07
HU	0.48	0.76	2.00	0.00	2.75	0.24	15.65	1.35
IE	0.10	0.08	1.38	0.08	3.36	0.41	34.05	0.82
IT	0.34	1.01	2.76	0.00	3.53	0.10	34.25	0.79
LU	0.03	0.35	2.25	0.00	3.59	0.10	36.26	1.58
NL	0.06	0.66	2.86	0.03	3.91	0.30	19.85	0.82
PL	−1.18	2.26	2.23	0.00	1.13	0.09	16.29	1.56
SE	0.11	1.04	2.61	0.00	2.41	0.20	73.99	2.93
SI	0.49	0.94	2.65	0.00	3.04	0.17	30.10	5.07
SK	−0.87	1.93	2.22	0.00	1.37	0.01	20.16	2.69
UK	0.10	0.31	1.26	0.00	1.58	0.03	27.19	0.30
USA	0.05	0.38	0.26	0.00	1.19	0.02	11.93	0.05

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

EPL

Unemployment Rate (annual change)

EPL

Unemployment Insurance Generosity

Union Density

Mean

POOLED

0.04

1.56

2.05

0.90

2.74

1.39

25.03

16.01

−0.08

0.60

2.37

0.00

4.87

0.36

30.21

2.04

−0.16

0.66

1.92

0.07

3.34

0.12

54.34

0.47

−0.54

1.05

3.21

0.12

2.85

0.12

18.88

1.53

−0.72

0.56

2.68

0.00

4.38

0.26

19.82

1.47

0.49

1.23

2.13

0.00

6.47

0.32

68.57

1.51

0.52

3.92

2.62

0.32

1.52

0.07

8.53

1.09

1.69

2.58

2.80

0.00

1.19

0.14

23.87

0.25

2.47

2.23

2.36

0.00

3.63

0.05

16.13

1.26

−0.14

0.78

2.17

0.00

4.97

0.22

69.86

0.93

0.27

0.62

2.42

0.04

4.44

0.23

7.68

0.07

0.48

0.76

2.00

0.00

2.75

0.24

15.65

1.35

0.10

0.08

1.38

0.08

3.36

0.41

34.05

0.82

0.34

1.01

2.76

0.00

3.53

0.10

34.25

0.79

0.03

0.35

2.25

0.00

3.59

0.10

36.26

1.58

0.06

0.66

2.86

0.03

3.91

0.30

19.85

0.82

−1.18

2.26

2.23

0.00

1.13

0.09

16.29

1.56

0.11

1.04

2.61

0.00

2.41

0.20

73.99

2.93

0.49

0.94

2.65

0.00

3.04

0.17

30.10

5.07

−0.87

1.93

2.22

0.00

1.37

0.01

20.16

2.69

0.10

0.31

1.26

0.00

1.58

0.03

27.19

0.30

USA

0.05

0.38

0.26

0.00

1.19

0.02

11.93

0.05

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
POOLED	0.04	1.56	2.05	0.90	2.74	1.39	25.03	16.01
AT	−0.08	0.60	2.37	0.00	4.87	0.36	30.21	2.04
BE	−0.16	0.66	1.92	0.07	3.34	0.12	54.34	0.47
CZ	−0.54	1.05	3.21	0.12	2.85	0.12	18.88	1.53
DE	−0.72	0.56	2.68	0.00	4.38	0.26	19.82	1.47
DK	0.49	1.23	2.13	0.00	6.47	0.32	68.57	1.51
EE	0.52	3.92	2.62	0.32	1.52	0.07	8.53	1.09
EL	1.69	2.58	2.80	0.00	1.19	0.14	23.87	0.25
ES	2.47	2.23	2.36	0.00	3.63	0.05	16.13	1.26
FI	−0.14	0.78	2.17	0.00	4.97	0.22	69.86	0.93
FR	0.27	0.62	2.42	0.04	4.44	0.23	7.68	0.07
HU	0.48	0.76	2.00	0.00	2.75	0.24	15.65	1.35
IE	0.10	0.08	1.38	0.08	3.36	0.41	34.05	0.82
IT	0.34	1.01	2.76	0.00	3.53	0.10	34.25	0.79
LU	0.03	0.35	2.25	0.00	3.59	0.10	36.26	1.58
NL	0.06	0.66	2.86	0.03	3.91	0.30	19.85	0.82
PL	−1.18	2.26	2.23	0.00	1.13	0.09	16.29	1.56
SE	0.11	1.04	2.61	0.00	2.41	0.20	73.99	2.93
SI	0.49	0.94	2.65	0.00	3.04	0.17	30.10	5.07
SK	−0.87	1.93	2.22	0.00	1.37	0.01	20.16	2.69
UK	0.10	0.31	1.26	0.00	1.58	0.03	27.19	0.30
USA	0.05	0.38	0.26	0.00	1.19	0.02	11.93	0.05

Table 1.

Open in new tab

Descriptive statistics for key macro-level variables

	(1)		(2)		(3)		(4)
	UR		EPL		UI		UD
	Unemployment Rate (annual change)		EPL		Unemployment Insurance Generosity		Union Density
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
POOLED	0.04	1.56	2.05	0.90	2.74	1.39	25.03	16.01
AT	−0.08	0.60	2.37	0.00	4.87	0.36	30.21	2.04
BE	−0.16	0.66	1.92	0.07	3.34	0.12	54.34	0.47
CZ	−0.54	1.05	3.21	0.12	2.85	0.12	18.88	1.53
DE	−0.72	0.56	2.68	0.00	4.38	0.26	19.82	1.47
DK	0.49	1.23	2.13	0.00	6.47	0.32	68.57	1.51
EE	0.52	3.92	2.62	0.32	1.52	0.07	8.53	1.09
EL	1.69	2.58	2.80	0.00	1.19	0.14	23.87	0.25
ES	2.47	2.23	2.36	0.00	3.63	0.05	16.13	1.26
FI	−0.14	0.78	2.17	0.00	4.97	0.22	69.86	0.93
FR	0.27	0.62	2.42	0.04	4.44	0.23	7.68	0.07
HU	0.48	0.76	2.00	0.00	2.75	0.24	15.65	1.35
IE	0.10	0.08	1.38	0.08	3.36	0.41	34.05	0.82
IT	0.34	1.01	2.76	0.00	3.53	0.10	34.25	0.79
LU	0.03	0.35	2.25	0.00	3.59	0.10	36.26	1.58
NL	0.06	0.66	2.86	0.03	3.91	0.30	19.85	0.82
PL	−1.18	2.26	2.23	0.00	1.13	0.09	16.29	1.56
SE	0.11	1.04	2.61	0.00	2.41	0.20	73.99	2.93
SI	0.49	0.94	2.65	0.00	3.04	0.17	30.10	5.07
SK	−0.87	1.93	2.22	0.00	1.37	0.01	20.16	2.69
UK	0.10	0.31	1.26	0.00	1.58	0.03	27.19	0.30
USA	0.05	0.38	0.26	0.00	1.19	0.02	11.93	0.05

	(1)		(2)		(3)		(4)
	UR		EPL		UI		UD
	Unemployment Rate (annual change)		EPL		Unemployment Insurance Generosity		Union Density
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
POOLED	0.04	1.56	2.05	0.90	2.74	1.39	25.03	16.01
AT	−0.08	0.60	2.37	0.00	4.87	0.36	30.21	2.04
BE	−0.16	0.66	1.92	0.07	3.34	0.12	54.34	0.47
CZ	−0.54	1.05	3.21	0.12	2.85	0.12	18.88	1.53
DE	−0.72	0.56	2.68	0.00	4.38	0.26	19.82	1.47
DK	0.49	1.23	2.13	0.00	6.47	0.32	68.57	1.51
EE	0.52	3.92	2.62	0.32	1.52	0.07	8.53	1.09
EL	1.69	2.58	2.80	0.00	1.19	0.14	23.87	0.25
ES	2.47	2.23	2.36	0.00	3.63	0.05	16.13	1.26
FI	−0.14	0.78	2.17	0.00	4.97	0.22	69.86	0.93
FR	0.27	0.62	2.42	0.04	4.44	0.23	7.68	0.07
HU	0.48	0.76	2.00	0.00	2.75	0.24	15.65	1.35
IE	0.10	0.08	1.38	0.08	3.36	0.41	34.05	0.82
IT	0.34	1.01	2.76	0.00	3.53	0.10	34.25	0.79
LU	0.03	0.35	2.25	0.00	3.59	0.10	36.26	1.58
NL	0.06	0.66	2.86	0.03	3.91	0.30	19.85	0.82
PL	−1.18	2.26	2.23	0.00	1.13	0.09	16.29	1.56
SE	0.11	1.04	2.61	0.00	2.41	0.20	73.99	2.93
SI	0.49	0.94	2.65	0.00	3.04	0.17	30.10	5.07
SK	−0.87	1.93	2.22	0.00	1.37	0.01	20.16	2.69
UK	0.10	0.31	1.26	0.00	1.58	0.03	27.19	0.30
USA	0.05	0.38	0.26	0.00	1.19	0.02	11.93	0.05

Notes: (1) UR uses Eurostat statistics on annual changes in the aggregate country-level unemployment rate, the mean reports the average annual change in the unemployment rate between 2003 and 2014 in each country; (2) EPL uses OECD Statistics on strictness of employment protection individual and collective dismissals; (3) UI is an index computed using OECD Statistics data on UI coverage (UCOV) and spending on unemployment benefits (UBEN) and on a subset of active labor market policies that focus on income protection (ALMPT), the index is calculated as follows UCOV × (UBEN + ALMPT) × 10/2; (4) UD uses UvA ICTWSS database on UD calculated as the net union membership as a proportion of wage and salary earners in employment.

Sources: OECD Statistics, Eurostat Statistics and UvA ICTWSS database.

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