Table 2.
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Regression Results for Friendship, Cognitive Functioning, and Marital Status

EffectModel 1Model 2
βSEβSE
Friendship0.083***0.0090.133***0.020
Friendship × Married−0.058**0.019
Age group 60–74 0.140***0.011 0.140***0.011
Female−0.0180.011−0.0190.011
Marrieda 0.040***0.011 0.082***0.019
Elementary/middle schoolb 0.231***0.014 0.231***0.014
High school and aboveb 0.257***0.0130.257***0.013
Rural hukou status−0.079***0.013−0.078***0.013
Annual income 0.070***0.0140.070***0.014
Had a chronic disease−0.038***0.009−0.038**0.009
ADL limitations−0.039**0.014−0.038**0.014
Self-rated health 0.055***0.0110.055***0.011
Working for pay−0.0170.010−0.0180.010
Depressive symptoms−0.136***0.012−0.136***0.012
EffectModel 1Model 2
βSEβSE
Friendship0.083***0.0090.133***0.020
Friendship × Married−0.058**0.019
Age group 60–74 0.140***0.011 0.140***0.011
Female−0.0180.011−0.0190.011
Marrieda 0.040***0.011 0.082***0.019
Elementary/middle schoolb 0.231***0.014 0.231***0.014
High school and aboveb 0.257***0.0130.257***0.013
Rural hukou status−0.079***0.013−0.078***0.013
Annual income 0.070***0.0140.070***0.014
Had a chronic disease−0.038***0.009−0.038**0.009
ADL limitations−0.039**0.014−0.038**0.014
Self-rated health 0.055***0.0110.055***0.011
Working for pay−0.0170.010−0.0180.010
Depressive symptoms−0.136***0.012−0.136***0.012

Notes: N = 8,482. Standardized coefficients are reported. ADL = activities of daily living; SE = standard error.

aReference group = widowed.

bReference group = no formal education.

**p < .01. ***p < .001.

Table 2.
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Regression Results for Friendship, Cognitive Functioning, and Marital Status

EffectModel 1Model 2
βSEβSE
Friendship0.083***0.0090.133***0.020
Friendship × Married−0.058**0.019
Age group 60–74 0.140***0.011 0.140***0.011
Female−0.0180.011−0.0190.011
Marrieda 0.040***0.011 0.082***0.019
Elementary/middle schoolb 0.231***0.014 0.231***0.014
High school and aboveb 0.257***0.0130.257***0.013
Rural hukou status−0.079***0.013−0.078***0.013
Annual income 0.070***0.0140.070***0.014
Had a chronic disease−0.038***0.009−0.038**0.009
ADL limitations−0.039**0.014−0.038**0.014
Self-rated health 0.055***0.0110.055***0.011
Working for pay−0.0170.010−0.0180.010
Depressive symptoms−0.136***0.012−0.136***0.012
EffectModel 1Model 2
βSEβSE
Friendship0.083***0.0090.133***0.020
Friendship × Married−0.058**0.019
Age group 60–74 0.140***0.011 0.140***0.011
Female−0.0180.011−0.0190.011
Marrieda 0.040***0.011 0.082***0.019
Elementary/middle schoolb 0.231***0.014 0.231***0.014
High school and aboveb 0.257***0.0130.257***0.013
Rural hukou status−0.079***0.013−0.078***0.013
Annual income 0.070***0.0140.070***0.014
Had a chronic disease−0.038***0.009−0.038**0.009
ADL limitations−0.039**0.014−0.038**0.014
Self-rated health 0.055***0.0110.055***0.011
Working for pay−0.0170.010−0.0180.010
Depressive symptoms−0.136***0.012−0.136***0.012

Notes: N = 8,482. Standardized coefficients are reported. ADL = activities of daily living; SE = standard error.

aReference group = widowed.

bReference group = no formal education.

**p < .01. ***p < .001.

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