Table 1. Open in new tab Demographic and...

	All respondents	Lower GDP tertile^a	Middle GDP tertile^a	Higher GDP tertile^a	P-value^b
Male sex (%)	55.7	53.8	56.7	57.7	0.009
Age, mean (SD), years	59.2 (14.0)	58.7 (14.3)	58.0 (13.6)	60.9 (13.8)	<0.001
Marital status, % married	60.7	62.1	58.2	60.8	0.018
Educational level, % with vocational or higher education	59.2	52.7	57.2	70.0	<0.001
Employed and working, % of patients ≤65 years	36.5	24.3	41.5	46.6	<0.001
Duration of KRT, mean (SD), years	8.9 (8.2)	7.4 (6.4)	10.1 (9.2)	9.9 (9.2)	<0.001
Current treatment, %					<0.001
CHD	62.5	82.9	55.3	39.5
HHD	2.2	0.5	0.9	5.9
PD	6.0	2.2	7.9	9.8
LTX	8.7	4.6	6.5	16.4
DTX	20.6	9.8	29.5	28.3
First treatment (%)					<0.001
CHD	77.6	90.5	75.0	61.7
HHD	1.0	0.3	1.2	1.7
PD	16.1	6.7	18.5	27.5
LTX	3.4	1.6	2.6	6.5
DTX	1.9	0.9	2.7	2.7
On the kidney transplant waitlist, % of current dialysis patients	22.0	13.7	34.9	27.4	<0.001
Reason for not being on the kidney transplant waitlist, %					<0.001
Medical reasons	32.0	30.0	35.3	34.7
Will receive kidney from living donor	2.9	2.2	4.0	3.9
Will be on the waiting list later on	17.6	13.5	23.0	24.1
Do not want a kidney transplant	21.4	21.6	19.5	22.5
Cannot afford a kidney transplant	4.9	6.8	4.0	0.5
My hospital does not offer kidney transplantation	5.9	7.3	2.4	5.4
Reason unknown	15.2	18.7	11.7	8.8
Self-reported diseases, %
Diabetes mellitus	27.8	32.7	23.2	25.7	<0.001
Polycystic kidney disease	26.8	29.7	26.9	23.2	<0.001
Glomerulonephritis	25.0	37.9	21.1	11.8	<0.001
Malignancy	5.9	4.8	6.7	6.5	0.033
Received help with filling out survey, %	23.8	36.5	18.7	10.0	<0.001

All respondents

Lower GDP tertile^a

Middle GDP tertile^a

Higher GDP tertile^a

P-value^b

n = 7820

n = 3399

n = 2060

n = 2361

Male sex (%)

55.7

53.8

56.7

57.7

0.009

Age, mean (SD), years

59.2 (14.0)

58.7 (14.3)

58.0 (13.6)

60.9 (13.8)

<0.001

Marital status, % married

60.7

62.1

58.2

60.8

0.018

Educational level, % with vocational or higher education

59.2

52.7

57.2

70.0

<0.001

Employed and working, % of patients ≤65 years

36.5

24.3

41.5

46.6

<0.001

Duration of KRT, mean (SD), years

8.9 (8.2)

7.4 (6.4)

10.1 (9.2)

9.9 (9.2)

<0.001

Current treatment, %

<0.001

CHD

62.5

82.9

55.3

39.5

HHD

2.2

0.5

0.9

5.9

6.0

2.2

7.9

9.8

LTX

8.7

4.6

6.5

16.4

DTX

20.6

9.8

29.5

28.3

First treatment (%)

<0.001

CHD

77.6

90.5

75.0

61.7

HHD

1.0

0.3

1.2

1.7

16.1

6.7

18.5

27.5

LTX

3.4

1.6

2.6

6.5

DTX

1.9

0.9

2.7

On the kidney transplant waitlist, % of current dialysis patients

22.0

13.7

34.9

27.4

<0.001

Reason for not being on the kidney transplant waitlist, %

<0.001

Medical reasons

32.0

30.0

35.3

34.7

Will receive kidney from living donor

2.9

2.2

4.0

3.9

Will be on the waiting list later on

17.6

13.5

23.0

24.1

Do not want a kidney transplant

21.4

21.6

19.5

22.5

Cannot afford a kidney transplant

4.9

6.8

4.0

0.5

My hospital does not offer kidney transplantation

5.9

7.3

2.4

5.4

Reason unknown

15.2

18.7

11.7

8.8

Self-reported diseases, %

Diabetes mellitus

27.8

32.7

23.2

25.7

<0.001

Polycystic kidney disease

26.8

29.7

26.9

23.2

<0.001

Glomerulonephritis

25.0

37.9

21.1

11.8

<0.001

Malignancy

5.9

4.8

6.7

6.5

0.033

Received help with filling out survey, %

23.8

36.5

18.7

10.0

<0.001

	All respondents	Lower GDP tertile^a	Middle GDP tertile^a	Higher GDP tertile^a	P-value^b
Male sex (%)	55.7	53.8	56.7	57.7	0.009
Age, mean (SD), years	59.2 (14.0)	58.7 (14.3)	58.0 (13.6)	60.9 (13.8)	<0.001
Marital status, % married	60.7	62.1	58.2	60.8	0.018
Educational level, % with vocational or higher education	59.2	52.7	57.2	70.0	<0.001
Employed and working, % of patients ≤65 years	36.5	24.3	41.5	46.6	<0.001
Duration of KRT, mean (SD), years	8.9 (8.2)	7.4 (6.4)	10.1 (9.2)	9.9 (9.2)	<0.001
Current treatment, %					<0.001
CHD	62.5	82.9	55.3	39.5
HHD	2.2	0.5	0.9	5.9
PD	6.0	2.2	7.9	9.8
LTX	8.7	4.6	6.5	16.4
DTX	20.6	9.8	29.5	28.3
First treatment (%)					<0.001
CHD	77.6	90.5	75.0	61.7
HHD	1.0	0.3	1.2	1.7
PD	16.1	6.7	18.5	27.5
LTX	3.4	1.6	2.6	6.5
DTX	1.9	0.9	2.7	2.7
On the kidney transplant waitlist, % of current dialysis patients	22.0	13.7	34.9	27.4	<0.001
Reason for not being on the kidney transplant waitlist, %					<0.001
Medical reasons	32.0	30.0	35.3	34.7
Will receive kidney from living donor	2.9	2.2	4.0	3.9
Will be on the waiting list later on	17.6	13.5	23.0	24.1
Do not want a kidney transplant	21.4	21.6	19.5	22.5
Cannot afford a kidney transplant	4.9	6.8	4.0	0.5
My hospital does not offer kidney transplantation	5.9	7.3	2.4	5.4
Reason unknown	15.2	18.7	11.7	8.8
Self-reported diseases, %
Diabetes mellitus	27.8	32.7	23.2	25.7	<0.001
Polycystic kidney disease	26.8	29.7	26.9	23.2	<0.001
Glomerulonephritis	25.0	37.9	21.1	11.8	<0.001
Malignancy	5.9	4.8	6.7	6.5	0.033
Received help with filling out survey, %	23.8	36.5	18.7	10.0	<0.001

Table 1.

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Demographic and disease-related characteristics of respondents per GDP tertile

	All respondents	Lower GDP tertile^a	Middle GDP tertile^a	Higher GDP tertile^a	P-value^b
	n = 7820	n = 3399	n = 2060	n = 2361
Male sex (%)	55.7	53.8	56.7	57.7	0.009
Age, mean (SD), years	59.2 (14.0)	58.7 (14.3)	58.0 (13.6)	60.9 (13.8)	<0.001
Marital status, % married	60.7	62.1	58.2	60.8	0.018
Educational level, % with vocational or higher education	59.2	52.7	57.2	70.0	<0.001
Employed and working, % of patients ≤65 years	36.5	24.3	41.5	46.6	<0.001
Duration of KRT, mean (SD), years	8.9 (8.2)	7.4 (6.4)	10.1 (9.2)	9.9 (9.2)	<0.001
Current treatment, %					<0.001
CHD	62.5	82.9	55.3	39.5
HHD	2.2	0.5	0.9	5.9
PD	6.0	2.2	7.9	9.8
LTX	8.7	4.6	6.5	16.4
DTX	20.6	9.8	29.5	28.3
First treatment (%)					<0.001
CHD	77.6	90.5	75.0	61.7
HHD	1.0	0.3	1.2	1.7
PD	16.1	6.7	18.5	27.5
LTX	3.4	1.6	2.6	6.5
DTX	1.9	0.9	2.7	2.7
On the kidney transplant waitlist, % of current dialysis patients	22.0	13.7	34.9	27.4	<0.001
Reason for not being on the kidney transplant waitlist, %					<0.001
Medical reasons	32.0	30.0	35.3	34.7
Will receive kidney from living donor	2.9	2.2	4.0	3.9
Will be on the waiting list later on	17.6	13.5	23.0	24.1
Do not want a kidney transplant	21.4	21.6	19.5	22.5
Cannot afford a kidney transplant	4.9	6.8	4.0	0.5
My hospital does not offer kidney transplantation	5.9	7.3	2.4	5.4
Reason unknown	15.2	18.7	11.7	8.8
Self-reported diseases, %
Diabetes mellitus	27.8	32.7	23.2	25.7	<0.001
Polycystic kidney disease	26.8	29.7	26.9	23.2	<0.001
Glomerulonephritis	25.0	37.9	21.1	11.8	<0.001
Malignancy	5.9	4.8	6.7	6.5	0.033
Received help with filling out survey, %	23.8	36.5	18.7	10.0	<0.001

	All respondents	Lower GDP tertile^a	Middle GDP tertile^a	Higher GDP tertile^a	P-value^b
	n = 7820	n = 3399	n = 2060	n = 2361
Male sex (%)	55.7	53.8	56.7	57.7	0.009
Age, mean (SD), years	59.2 (14.0)	58.7 (14.3)	58.0 (13.6)	60.9 (13.8)	<0.001
Marital status, % married	60.7	62.1	58.2	60.8	0.018
Educational level, % with vocational or higher education	59.2	52.7	57.2	70.0	<0.001
Employed and working, % of patients ≤65 years	36.5	24.3	41.5	46.6	<0.001
Duration of KRT, mean (SD), years	8.9 (8.2)	7.4 (6.4)	10.1 (9.2)	9.9 (9.2)	<0.001
Current treatment, %					<0.001
CHD	62.5	82.9	55.3	39.5
HHD	2.2	0.5	0.9	5.9
PD	6.0	2.2	7.9	9.8
LTX	8.7	4.6	6.5	16.4
DTX	20.6	9.8	29.5	28.3
First treatment (%)					<0.001
CHD	77.6	90.5	75.0	61.7
HHD	1.0	0.3	1.2	1.7
PD	16.1	6.7	18.5	27.5
LTX	3.4	1.6	2.6	6.5
DTX	1.9	0.9	2.7	2.7
On the kidney transplant waitlist, % of current dialysis patients	22.0	13.7	34.9	27.4	<0.001
Reason for not being on the kidney transplant waitlist, %					<0.001
Medical reasons	32.0	30.0	35.3	34.7
Will receive kidney from living donor	2.9	2.2	4.0	3.9
Will be on the waiting list later on	17.6	13.5	23.0	24.1
Do not want a kidney transplant	21.4	21.6	19.5	22.5
Cannot afford a kidney transplant	4.9	6.8	4.0	0.5
My hospital does not offer kidney transplantation	5.9	7.3	2.4	5.4
Reason unknown	15.2	18.7	11.7	8.8
Self-reported diseases, %
Diabetes mellitus	27.8	32.7	23.2	25.7	<0.001
Polycystic kidney disease	26.8	29.7	26.9	23.2	<0.001
Glomerulonephritis	25.0	37.9	21.1	11.8	<0.001
Malignancy	5.9	4.8	6.7	6.5	0.033
Received help with filling out survey, %	23.8	36.5	18.7	10.0	<0.001

For the categorization of countries per GDP category, see Supplementary data, Figure S2.

P-values calculated with Chi-square tests and Kruskall–Wallis tests to compare GDP tertiles on categorical and continuous outcomes.

LTX, living donor kidney transplantation; DTX, deceased donor kidney transplantation.

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