| Patient characteristics . | Controls (n = 19) . | DN (n = 21) . |
|---|---|---|
| Sex (male), n (%) | 9 (47) | 16 (76) |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 44 ± 11 | 44 ± 5 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 25.2 ± 3.8 | 25.4 ± 3.2 |
| HbA1c (%), mean ± SD | – | 8.9 ± 2.3 |
| Glucose (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 13.8 ± 6.4 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), mean ± SD | 93 ± 17 | 18 ± 7 |
| Proteinuria (g/24 h), median (IQR) | – | 0.72 (0.35–1.5) |
| Dialysis, n (%) | – | 3 (14) |
| History of vascular disease, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (19) |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Acetylsalicylic acid, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (10) |
| Antihypertensive drugs, n (%) | ||
| ACE inhibitor | – | 14 (67) |
| Angiotensin-II antagonist | –– | 13 (62) |
| β-blocker | – | 9 (43) |
| Calcium antagonist | – | 11 (52) |
| Diuretics | –– | 13 (62) |
| Patient characteristics . | Controls (n = 19) . | DN (n = 21) . |
|---|---|---|
| Sex (male), n (%) | 9 (47) | 16 (76) |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 44 ± 11 | 44 ± 5 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 25.2 ± 3.8 | 25.4 ± 3.2 |
| HbA1c (%), mean ± SD | – | 8.9 ± 2.3 |
| Glucose (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 13.8 ± 6.4 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), mean ± SD | 93 ± 17 | 18 ± 7 |
| Proteinuria (g/24 h), median (IQR) | – | 0.72 (0.35–1.5) |
| Dialysis, n (%) | – | 3 (14) |
| History of vascular disease, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (19) |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Acetylsalicylic acid, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (10) |
| Antihypertensive drugs, n (%) | ||
| ACE inhibitor | – | 14 (67) |
| Angiotensin-II antagonist | –– | 13 (62) |
| β-blocker | – | 9 (43) |
| Calcium antagonist | – | 11 (52) |
| Diuretics | –– | 13 (62) |
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; hbA1c, haemoglobin A1c.
| Patient characteristics . | Controls (n = 19) . | DN (n = 21) . |
|---|---|---|
| Sex (male), n (%) | 9 (47) | 16 (76) |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 44 ± 11 | 44 ± 5 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 25.2 ± 3.8 | 25.4 ± 3.2 |
| HbA1c (%), mean ± SD | – | 8.9 ± 2.3 |
| Glucose (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 13.8 ± 6.4 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), mean ± SD | 93 ± 17 | 18 ± 7 |
| Proteinuria (g/24 h), median (IQR) | – | 0.72 (0.35–1.5) |
| Dialysis, n (%) | – | 3 (14) |
| History of vascular disease, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (19) |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Acetylsalicylic acid, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (10) |
| Antihypertensive drugs, n (%) | ||
| ACE inhibitor | – | 14 (67) |
| Angiotensin-II antagonist | –– | 13 (62) |
| β-blocker | – | 9 (43) |
| Calcium antagonist | – | 11 (52) |
| Diuretics | –– | 13 (62) |
| Patient characteristics . | Controls (n = 19) . | DN (n = 21) . |
|---|---|---|
| Sex (male), n (%) | 9 (47) | 16 (76) |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 44 ± 11 | 44 ± 5 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 25.2 ± 3.8 | 25.4 ± 3.2 |
| HbA1c (%), mean ± SD | – | 8.9 ± 2.3 |
| Glucose (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 5.3 ± 1.0 | 13.8 ± 6.4 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), mean ± SD | 93 ± 17 | 18 ± 7 |
| Proteinuria (g/24 h), median (IQR) | – | 0.72 (0.35–1.5) |
| Dialysis, n (%) | – | 3 (14) |
| History of vascular disease, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (19) |
| Smoking, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Acetylsalicylic acid, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (10) |
| Antihypertensive drugs, n (%) | ||
| ACE inhibitor | – | 14 (67) |
| Angiotensin-II antagonist | –– | 13 (62) |
| β-blocker | – | 9 (43) |
| Calcium antagonist | – | 11 (52) |
| Diuretics | –– | 13 (62) |
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; hbA1c, haemoglobin A1c.
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