| Surgical region . | Year of publication (single cases unless otherwise stated) . | Clinical features . | Outcome . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cranial | 1969170 | Hypotension | Fatal |
| 1974:124 review of 107 patients; two VGE episodes | Hypertension; murmur; arrhythmias | Frequency of embolism 1.7% | |
| 1993112 | Asystole | Non-fatal | |
| 1994137 | Tension pneumocephalus; increase in e′co2/Pao2 gradient | Non-fatal | |
| 1995:90 two episodes in one patient | Asystole; bradycardia; hypotension | Non-fatal | |
| 200046 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation; froth aspirated from central venous catheter | Non-fatal | |
| 2001195 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; increase in CVP; air aspirated from central venous catheter | Non-fatal | |
| Spinal | 19785 | Detected with Doppler monitoring; air aspirated from right atrial catheter | Non-fatal |
| 198851 | Hypotension, bradycardia; decrease in e′co2; increase in nitrogen on mass spectrometry | Non-fatal | |
| 198999 | Cardiovascular instability | Fatal | |
| 1990:122 two cases | Air bubbles at operative site; cardiac arrest | Fatal | |
| 1991:6 three cases | Hypotension; bradycardia; Millwheel murmur; ECG changes; decrease in e′co2; asystole; air aspirated from central venous catheter (one case) | One non-fatal; two fatal | |
| 1992:76 two cases | Hypotension; arrhythmia; air bubbles at operative site; air aspirated from central venous catheter (one case) | One fatal; one non-fatal | |
| 1992:38 three cases | Decrease in e′co2; tachycardia; ECG changes; bronchospasm; millwheel murmur | Non-fatal | |
| 1997:185 two cases | Loss of SSEP; decrease in e′co2; asystole; air palpated in heart via thoracotomy (one case) | Both fatal | |
| 199739 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; desaturation; ST segment elevation | Non-fatal | |
| 1999113 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation | Fatal | |
| 2000:135 four patients (part of larger blood transfusion study) | Non-fatal | ||
| 200122 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; pulseless ventricular tachycardia | Non-fatal | |
| 2002147 | Decrease in e′co2; hypertension; loss of evoked potentials; focal neurology after operation | Non-fatal; paraplegia | |
| 2005:219 two cases | Air bubbles at operative site; loss of evoked potentials; cardiovascular collapse | One fatal; one non-fatal | |
| 2007123 | Increase in HR; decrease in e′co2; unrecordable BP | Fatal | |
| Cranial and spinal | 199061 | Decrease in Pao2 and increase in Pao2; decrease in e′co2 | Non-fatal |
| Nephrolithotripsy | 200244 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation | Non-fatal; blindness and neurologic deficit after surgery |
| Surgical region . | Year of publication (single cases unless otherwise stated) . | Clinical features . | Outcome . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cranial | 1969170 | Hypotension | Fatal |
| 1974:124 review of 107 patients; two VGE episodes | Hypertension; murmur; arrhythmias | Frequency of embolism 1.7% | |
| 1993112 | Asystole | Non-fatal | |
| 1994137 | Tension pneumocephalus; increase in e′co2/Pao2 gradient | Non-fatal | |
| 1995:90 two episodes in one patient | Asystole; bradycardia; hypotension | Non-fatal | |
| 200046 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation; froth aspirated from central venous catheter | Non-fatal | |
| 2001195 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; increase in CVP; air aspirated from central venous catheter | Non-fatal | |
| Spinal | 19785 | Detected with Doppler monitoring; air aspirated from right atrial catheter | Non-fatal |
| 198851 | Hypotension, bradycardia; decrease in e′co2; increase in nitrogen on mass spectrometry | Non-fatal | |
| 198999 | Cardiovascular instability | Fatal | |
| 1990:122 two cases | Air bubbles at operative site; cardiac arrest | Fatal | |
| 1991:6 three cases | Hypotension; bradycardia; Millwheel murmur; ECG changes; decrease in e′co2; asystole; air aspirated from central venous catheter (one case) | One non-fatal; two fatal | |
| 1992:76 two cases | Hypotension; arrhythmia; air bubbles at operative site; air aspirated from central venous catheter (one case) | One fatal; one non-fatal | |
| 1992:38 three cases | Decrease in e′co2; tachycardia; ECG changes; bronchospasm; millwheel murmur | Non-fatal | |
| 1997:185 two cases | Loss of SSEP; decrease in e′co2; asystole; air palpated in heart via thoracotomy (one case) | Both fatal | |
| 199739 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; desaturation; ST segment elevation | Non-fatal | |
| 1999113 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation | Fatal | |
| 2000:135 four patients (part of larger blood transfusion study) | Non-fatal | ||
| 200122 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; pulseless ventricular tachycardia | Non-fatal | |
| 2002147 | Decrease in e′co2; hypertension; loss of evoked potentials; focal neurology after operation | Non-fatal; paraplegia | |
| 2005:219 two cases | Air bubbles at operative site; loss of evoked potentials; cardiovascular collapse | One fatal; one non-fatal | |
| 2007123 | Increase in HR; decrease in e′co2; unrecordable BP | Fatal | |
| Cranial and spinal | 199061 | Decrease in Pao2 and increase in Pao2; decrease in e′co2 | Non-fatal |
| Nephrolithotripsy | 200244 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation | Non-fatal; blindness and neurologic deficit after surgery |
| Surgical region . | Year of publication (single cases unless otherwise stated) . | Clinical features . | Outcome . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cranial | 1969170 | Hypotension | Fatal |
| 1974:124 review of 107 patients; two VGE episodes | Hypertension; murmur; arrhythmias | Frequency of embolism 1.7% | |
| 1993112 | Asystole | Non-fatal | |
| 1994137 | Tension pneumocephalus; increase in e′co2/Pao2 gradient | Non-fatal | |
| 1995:90 two episodes in one patient | Asystole; bradycardia; hypotension | Non-fatal | |
| 200046 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation; froth aspirated from central venous catheter | Non-fatal | |
| 2001195 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; increase in CVP; air aspirated from central venous catheter | Non-fatal | |
| Spinal | 19785 | Detected with Doppler monitoring; air aspirated from right atrial catheter | Non-fatal |
| 198851 | Hypotension, bradycardia; decrease in e′co2; increase in nitrogen on mass spectrometry | Non-fatal | |
| 198999 | Cardiovascular instability | Fatal | |
| 1990:122 two cases | Air bubbles at operative site; cardiac arrest | Fatal | |
| 1991:6 three cases | Hypotension; bradycardia; Millwheel murmur; ECG changes; decrease in e′co2; asystole; air aspirated from central venous catheter (one case) | One non-fatal; two fatal | |
| 1992:76 two cases | Hypotension; arrhythmia; air bubbles at operative site; air aspirated from central venous catheter (one case) | One fatal; one non-fatal | |
| 1992:38 three cases | Decrease in e′co2; tachycardia; ECG changes; bronchospasm; millwheel murmur | Non-fatal | |
| 1997:185 two cases | Loss of SSEP; decrease in e′co2; asystole; air palpated in heart via thoracotomy (one case) | Both fatal | |
| 199739 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; desaturation; ST segment elevation | Non-fatal | |
| 1999113 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation | Fatal | |
| 2000:135 four patients (part of larger blood transfusion study) | Non-fatal | ||
| 200122 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; pulseless ventricular tachycardia | Non-fatal | |
| 2002147 | Decrease in e′co2; hypertension; loss of evoked potentials; focal neurology after operation | Non-fatal; paraplegia | |
| 2005:219 two cases | Air bubbles at operative site; loss of evoked potentials; cardiovascular collapse | One fatal; one non-fatal | |
| 2007123 | Increase in HR; decrease in e′co2; unrecordable BP | Fatal | |
| Cranial and spinal | 199061 | Decrease in Pao2 and increase in Pao2; decrease in e′co2 | Non-fatal |
| Nephrolithotripsy | 200244 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation | Non-fatal; blindness and neurologic deficit after surgery |
| Surgical region . | Year of publication (single cases unless otherwise stated) . | Clinical features . | Outcome . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cranial | 1969170 | Hypotension | Fatal |
| 1974:124 review of 107 patients; two VGE episodes | Hypertension; murmur; arrhythmias | Frequency of embolism 1.7% | |
| 1993112 | Asystole | Non-fatal | |
| 1994137 | Tension pneumocephalus; increase in e′co2/Pao2 gradient | Non-fatal | |
| 1995:90 two episodes in one patient | Asystole; bradycardia; hypotension | Non-fatal | |
| 200046 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation; froth aspirated from central venous catheter | Non-fatal | |
| 2001195 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; increase in CVP; air aspirated from central venous catheter | Non-fatal | |
| Spinal | 19785 | Detected with Doppler monitoring; air aspirated from right atrial catheter | Non-fatal |
| 198851 | Hypotension, bradycardia; decrease in e′co2; increase in nitrogen on mass spectrometry | Non-fatal | |
| 198999 | Cardiovascular instability | Fatal | |
| 1990:122 two cases | Air bubbles at operative site; cardiac arrest | Fatal | |
| 1991:6 three cases | Hypotension; bradycardia; Millwheel murmur; ECG changes; decrease in e′co2; asystole; air aspirated from central venous catheter (one case) | One non-fatal; two fatal | |
| 1992:76 two cases | Hypotension; arrhythmia; air bubbles at operative site; air aspirated from central venous catheter (one case) | One fatal; one non-fatal | |
| 1992:38 three cases | Decrease in e′co2; tachycardia; ECG changes; bronchospasm; millwheel murmur | Non-fatal | |
| 1997:185 two cases | Loss of SSEP; decrease in e′co2; asystole; air palpated in heart via thoracotomy (one case) | Both fatal | |
| 199739 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; desaturation; ST segment elevation | Non-fatal | |
| 1999113 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation | Fatal | |
| 2000:135 four patients (part of larger blood transfusion study) | Non-fatal | ||
| 200122 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; pulseless ventricular tachycardia | Non-fatal | |
| 2002147 | Decrease in e′co2; hypertension; loss of evoked potentials; focal neurology after operation | Non-fatal; paraplegia | |
| 2005:219 two cases | Air bubbles at operative site; loss of evoked potentials; cardiovascular collapse | One fatal; one non-fatal | |
| 2007123 | Increase in HR; decrease in e′co2; unrecordable BP | Fatal | |
| Cranial and spinal | 199061 | Decrease in Pao2 and increase in Pao2; decrease in e′co2 | Non-fatal |
| Nephrolithotripsy | 200244 | Decrease in e′co2; hypotension; bradycardia; desaturation | Non-fatal; blindness and neurologic deficit after surgery |
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