Table 4 Open in new tab Heterozygosity...

		California	Washington	New Mexico	Colorado	Nebraska
SMM	H_eq > H_e	5/5*	4/5	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	5/5*	4/5*	5/5*	5/5*	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−2.30	−1.06	−1.09	−1.77	−1.79	−2.14	−2.99	−2.18	−2.13	−2.59	−2.62	−2.85
	S.E.	(2.26)	(1.55)	(1.35)	(1.80)	(2.35)	(1.13)	(2.09)	(1.74)	(1.82)	(2.84)	(1.79)	(1.41)

TPM, 95%	H_eq > H_e	5/5*	4/5	4/5	4/5*	5/5*	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	4/5*	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.85	−0.76	−0.85	−1.39	−1.32	−1.69	−2.51	−1.75	−1.74	−2.04	−1.93	−2.38
	SE	(1.87)	(1.32)	(1.26)	(1.58)	(1.84)	(1.07)	(1.92)	(1.43)	(1.63)	(2.49)	(1.51)	(1.37)

TPM, 90%	H_eq > H_e	4/5*	3/5	4/5	4/5*	4/5*	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	3/5	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.64	−0.63	−0.65	−1.26	−1.10	−1.50	−2.23	−1.41	−1.43	−1.79	−1.80	−1.98
	SE	(1.91)	(1.27)	(1.17)	(1.59)	(1.86)	(1.03)	(1.85)	(1.20)	(1.47)	(2.36)	(1.53)	(1.30)

TPM, 85%	H_eq > H_e	4/5*	3/5	4/5	4/5	3/5	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	3/5	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.43	−0.49	−0.50	−1.03	−1.00	−1.27	−2.01	−1.23	−1.25	−1.55	−1.57	−1.77
	SE	(1.71)	(1.15)	(1.06)	(1.44)	(1.82)	(1.98)	(1.75)	(1.10)	(1.43)	(1.24)	(1.46)	(1.25)

California

Washington

New Mexico

Colorado

Nebraska

CTC

CTM

CTG

CTK

CTY

CTWa

CTWb

CTNM

CTOa

CTOb

CTNa

CTNb

SMM

H_eq > H_e

5/5*

4/5

4/5*

5/5*

4/5*

5/5*

3/5

5/5*

Mean SD

−2.30

−1.06

−1.09

−1.77

−1.79

−2.14

−2.99

−2.18

−2.13

−2.59

−2.62

−2.85

S.E.

(2.26)

(1.55)

(1.35)

(1.80)

(2.35)

(1.13)

(2.09)

(1.74)

(1.82)

(2.84)

(1.79)

(1.41)

TPM, 95%

H_eq > H_e

5/5*

4/5

4/5*

5/5*

4/5*

5/5*

4/5*

3/5

5/5*

Mean SD

−1.85

−0.76

−0.85

−1.39

−1.32

−1.69

−2.51

−1.75

−1.74

−2.04

−1.93

−2.38

(1.87)

(1.32)

(1.26)

(1.58)

(1.84)

(1.07)

(1.92)

(1.43)

(1.63)

(2.49)

(1.51)

(1.37)

TPM, 90%

H_eq > H_e

4/5*

3/5

4/5

4/5*

5/5*

3/5

5/5*

Mean SD

−1.64

−0.63

−0.65

−1.26

−1.10

−1.50

−2.23

−1.41

−1.43

−1.79

−1.80

−1.98

(1.91)

(1.27)

(1.17)

(1.59)

(1.86)

(1.03)

(1.85)

(1.20)

(1.47)

(2.36)

(1.53)

(1.30)

TPM, 85%

H_eq > H_e

4/5*

3/5

4/5

3/5

4/5*

5/5*

3/5

5/5*

Mean SD

−1.43

−0.49

−0.50

−1.03

−1.00

−1.27

−2.01

−1.23

−1.25

−1.55

−1.57

−1.77

(1.71)

(1.15)

(1.06)

(1.44)

(1.82)

(1.98)

(1.75)

(1.10)

(1.43)

(1.24)

(1.46)

(1.25)

		California	Washington	New Mexico	Colorado	Nebraska
SMM	H_eq > H_e	5/5*	4/5	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	5/5*	4/5*	5/5*	5/5*	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−2.30	−1.06	−1.09	−1.77	−1.79	−2.14	−2.99	−2.18	−2.13	−2.59	−2.62	−2.85
	S.E.	(2.26)	(1.55)	(1.35)	(1.80)	(2.35)	(1.13)	(2.09)	(1.74)	(1.82)	(2.84)	(1.79)	(1.41)

TPM, 95%	H_eq > H_e	5/5*	4/5	4/5	4/5*	5/5*	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	4/5*	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.85	−0.76	−0.85	−1.39	−1.32	−1.69	−2.51	−1.75	−1.74	−2.04	−1.93	−2.38
	SE	(1.87)	(1.32)	(1.26)	(1.58)	(1.84)	(1.07)	(1.92)	(1.43)	(1.63)	(2.49)	(1.51)	(1.37)

TPM, 90%	H_eq > H_e	4/5*	3/5	4/5	4/5*	4/5*	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	3/5	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.64	−0.63	−0.65	−1.26	−1.10	−1.50	−2.23	−1.41	−1.43	−1.79	−1.80	−1.98
	SE	(1.91)	(1.27)	(1.17)	(1.59)	(1.86)	(1.03)	(1.85)	(1.20)	(1.47)	(2.36)	(1.53)	(1.30)

TPM, 85%	H_eq > H_e	4/5*	3/5	4/5	4/5	3/5	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	3/5	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.43	−0.49	−0.50	−1.03	−1.00	−1.27	−2.01	−1.23	−1.25	−1.55	−1.57	−1.77
	SE	(1.71)	(1.15)	(1.06)	(1.44)	(1.82)	(1.98)	(1.75)	(1.10)	(1.43)	(1.24)	(1.46)	(1.25)

Table 4

Open in new tab

Heterozygosity Test for Signatures of Population Expansion in 5 Microsatellite Loci in 12 C. tarsalis Populations in California, Washington, Colorado, New Mexico, and Nebraska

		California					Washington		New Mexico	Colorado		Nebraska
		CTC	CTM	CTG	CTK	CTY	CTWa	CTWb	CTNM	CTOa	CTOb	CTNa	CTNb
SMM	H_eq > H_e	5/5*	4/5	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	5/5*	4/5*	5/5*	5/5*	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−2.30	−1.06	−1.09	−1.77	−1.79	−2.14	−2.99	−2.18	−2.13	−2.59	−2.62	−2.85
	S.E.	(2.26)	(1.55)	(1.35)	(1.80)	(2.35)	(1.13)	(2.09)	(1.74)	(1.82)	(2.84)	(1.79)	(1.41)

TPM, 95%	H_eq > H_e	5/5*	4/5	4/5	4/5*	5/5*	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	4/5*	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.85	−0.76	−0.85	−1.39	−1.32	−1.69	−2.51	−1.75	−1.74	−2.04	−1.93	−2.38
	SE	(1.87)	(1.32)	(1.26)	(1.58)	(1.84)	(1.07)	(1.92)	(1.43)	(1.63)	(2.49)	(1.51)	(1.37)

TPM, 90%	H_eq > H_e	4/5*	3/5	4/5	4/5*	4/5*	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	3/5	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.64	−0.63	−0.65	−1.26	−1.10	−1.50	−2.23	−1.41	−1.43	−1.79	−1.80	−1.98
	SE	(1.91)	(1.27)	(1.17)	(1.59)	(1.86)	(1.03)	(1.85)	(1.20)	(1.47)	(2.36)	(1.53)	(1.30)

TPM, 85%	H_eq > H_e	4/5*	3/5	4/5	4/5	3/5	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	3/5	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.43	−0.49	−0.50	−1.03	−1.00	−1.27	−2.01	−1.23	−1.25	−1.55	−1.57	−1.77
	SE	(1.71)	(1.15)	(1.06)	(1.44)	(1.82)	(1.98)	(1.75)	(1.10)	(1.43)	(1.24)	(1.46)	(1.25)

		California					Washington		New Mexico	Colorado		Nebraska
		CTC	CTM	CTG	CTK	CTY	CTWa	CTWb	CTNM	CTOa	CTOb	CTNa	CTNb
SMM	H_eq > H_e	5/5*	4/5	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	5/5*	4/5*	5/5*	5/5*	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−2.30	−1.06	−1.09	−1.77	−1.79	−2.14	−2.99	−2.18	−2.13	−2.59	−2.62	−2.85
	S.E.	(2.26)	(1.55)	(1.35)	(1.80)	(2.35)	(1.13)	(2.09)	(1.74)	(1.82)	(2.84)	(1.79)	(1.41)

TPM, 95%	H_eq > H_e	5/5*	4/5	4/5	4/5*	5/5*	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	4/5*	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.85	−0.76	−0.85	−1.39	−1.32	−1.69	−2.51	−1.75	−1.74	−2.04	−1.93	−2.38
	SE	(1.87)	(1.32)	(1.26)	(1.58)	(1.84)	(1.07)	(1.92)	(1.43)	(1.63)	(2.49)	(1.51)	(1.37)

TPM, 90%	H_eq > H_e	4/5*	3/5	4/5	4/5*	4/5*	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	3/5	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.64	−0.63	−0.65	−1.26	−1.10	−1.50	−2.23	−1.41	−1.43	−1.79	−1.80	−1.98
	SE	(1.91)	(1.27)	(1.17)	(1.59)	(1.86)	(1.03)	(1.85)	(1.20)	(1.47)	(2.36)	(1.53)	(1.30)

TPM, 85%	H_eq > H_e	4/5*	3/5	4/5	4/5	3/5	4/5*	4/5*	5/5*	3/5	3/5	5/5*	5/5*
	Mean SD	−1.43	−0.49	−0.50	−1.03	−1.00	−1.27	−2.01	−1.23	−1.25	−1.55	−1.57	−1.77
	SE	(1.71)	(1.15)	(1.06)	(1.44)	(1.82)	(1.98)	(1.75)	(1.10)	(1.43)	(1.24)	(1.46)	(1.25)

NOTE.—Fractions indicate number of loci (out of 5) with H_eq > H_e. Mean SD and SE are mean standardized deviations from equilibrium heterozygosity along with associated standard error. s² = 30 for all TPMs.

* Statistically significant H_eq excess (1-tailed Wilcoxon rank-sum test; P < 0.05).

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