Baseline characteristics in the total population and across sex-specific quartiles of copeptin
| Characteristics . | Total population . | Copeptin (pmol/L) in sex-specific quartiles . | P-value . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range, men | <3.96 | ≥3.96–<6.73 | ≥6.73–<12.67 | ≥12.67 | ||
| Range, women | <2.56 | ≥2.56–<4.325 | ≥4.325–<8.525 | ≥8.525 | ||
| Number | 658 | 164 | 165 | 165 | 164 | |
| Male (%) | 56 | – | – | – | – | |
| Age (years) | 55 ± 13 | 54 ± 12 | 54 ± 13 | 54 ± 14 | 56 ± 12 | 0.21 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 33 ± 16 | 31 ± 17 | 31 ± 16 | 32 ± 16 | 38 ± 14 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25 ± 6 | 24 ± 3 | 25 ± 4 | 26 ± 4 | 26 ± 10 | 0.002 |
| Smokers (%) | 21 | 18 | 17 | 24 | 24 | 0.29 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) HbA1c (%) | 64 ± 13 8.0 ± 1.2 | 61 ± 10 7.7 ± 0.9 | 62 ± 12 7.9 ± 1.1 | 66 ± 13 8.1 ± 1.3 | 68 ± 13 8.3 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| UAER (mg/24-h), median (IQR) | 17 (8–68) | 11 (7–29) | 12 (6–30) | 17 (8–47) | 77 (19–355) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 81 ± 26 | 93 ± 14 | 89 ± 21 | 83 ± 23 | 60 ± 28 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.47 ± 0.75 | 2.48 ± 0.70 | 2.40 ± 0.73 | 2.54 ± 0.76 | 2.45 ± 0.80 | 0.68 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 132 ± 18 | 131 ± 16 | 130 ± 17 | 133 ± 18 | 133 ± 18 | 0.35 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74 ± 9 | 75 ± 8 | 74 ± 9 | 75 ± 10 | 73 ± 11 | 0.27 |
| History of cardiovascular disease (%) | 22 | 16 | 18 | 17 | 34 | 0.001 |
| Retinopathy (%) | 79 | 72 | 79 | 78 | 88 | 0.005 |
| Antihypertensive drugs (%) | 72 | 63 | 66 | 68 | 90 | <0.001 |
| RAAS blockers (%) | 66 | 57 | 63 | 65 | 85 | <0.001 |
| Characteristics . | Total population . | Copeptin (pmol/L) in sex-specific quartiles . | P-value . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range, men | <3.96 | ≥3.96–<6.73 | ≥6.73–<12.67 | ≥12.67 | ||
| Range, women | <2.56 | ≥2.56–<4.325 | ≥4.325–<8.525 | ≥8.525 | ||
| Number | 658 | 164 | 165 | 165 | 164 | |
| Male (%) | 56 | – | – | – | – | |
| Age (years) | 55 ± 13 | 54 ± 12 | 54 ± 13 | 54 ± 14 | 56 ± 12 | 0.21 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 33 ± 16 | 31 ± 17 | 31 ± 16 | 32 ± 16 | 38 ± 14 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25 ± 6 | 24 ± 3 | 25 ± 4 | 26 ± 4 | 26 ± 10 | 0.002 |
| Smokers (%) | 21 | 18 | 17 | 24 | 24 | 0.29 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) HbA1c (%) | 64 ± 13 8.0 ± 1.2 | 61 ± 10 7.7 ± 0.9 | 62 ± 12 7.9 ± 1.1 | 66 ± 13 8.1 ± 1.3 | 68 ± 13 8.3 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| UAER (mg/24-h), median (IQR) | 17 (8–68) | 11 (7–29) | 12 (6–30) | 17 (8–47) | 77 (19–355) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 81 ± 26 | 93 ± 14 | 89 ± 21 | 83 ± 23 | 60 ± 28 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.47 ± 0.75 | 2.48 ± 0.70 | 2.40 ± 0.73 | 2.54 ± 0.76 | 2.45 ± 0.80 | 0.68 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 132 ± 18 | 131 ± 16 | 130 ± 17 | 133 ± 18 | 133 ± 18 | 0.35 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74 ± 9 | 75 ± 8 | 74 ± 9 | 75 ± 10 | 73 ± 11 | 0.27 |
| History of cardiovascular disease (%) | 22 | 16 | 18 | 17 | 34 | 0.001 |
| Retinopathy (%) | 79 | 72 | 79 | 78 | 88 | 0.005 |
| Antihypertensive drugs (%) | 72 | 63 | 66 | 68 | 90 | <0.001 |
| RAAS blockers (%) | 66 | 57 | 63 | 65 | 85 | <0.001 |
The data are presented as mean ± SD unless stsaed otherwise. P-value for difference between sex-specific quartiles of plasma copeptin.
Baseline characteristics in the total population and across sex-specific quartiles of copeptin
| Characteristics . | Total population . | Copeptin (pmol/L) in sex-specific quartiles . | P-value . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range, men | <3.96 | ≥3.96–<6.73 | ≥6.73–<12.67 | ≥12.67 | ||
| Range, women | <2.56 | ≥2.56–<4.325 | ≥4.325–<8.525 | ≥8.525 | ||
| Number | 658 | 164 | 165 | 165 | 164 | |
| Male (%) | 56 | – | – | – | – | |
| Age (years) | 55 ± 13 | 54 ± 12 | 54 ± 13 | 54 ± 14 | 56 ± 12 | 0.21 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 33 ± 16 | 31 ± 17 | 31 ± 16 | 32 ± 16 | 38 ± 14 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25 ± 6 | 24 ± 3 | 25 ± 4 | 26 ± 4 | 26 ± 10 | 0.002 |
| Smokers (%) | 21 | 18 | 17 | 24 | 24 | 0.29 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) HbA1c (%) | 64 ± 13 8.0 ± 1.2 | 61 ± 10 7.7 ± 0.9 | 62 ± 12 7.9 ± 1.1 | 66 ± 13 8.1 ± 1.3 | 68 ± 13 8.3 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| UAER (mg/24-h), median (IQR) | 17 (8–68) | 11 (7–29) | 12 (6–30) | 17 (8–47) | 77 (19–355) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 81 ± 26 | 93 ± 14 | 89 ± 21 | 83 ± 23 | 60 ± 28 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.47 ± 0.75 | 2.48 ± 0.70 | 2.40 ± 0.73 | 2.54 ± 0.76 | 2.45 ± 0.80 | 0.68 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 132 ± 18 | 131 ± 16 | 130 ± 17 | 133 ± 18 | 133 ± 18 | 0.35 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74 ± 9 | 75 ± 8 | 74 ± 9 | 75 ± 10 | 73 ± 11 | 0.27 |
| History of cardiovascular disease (%) | 22 | 16 | 18 | 17 | 34 | 0.001 |
| Retinopathy (%) | 79 | 72 | 79 | 78 | 88 | 0.005 |
| Antihypertensive drugs (%) | 72 | 63 | 66 | 68 | 90 | <0.001 |
| RAAS blockers (%) | 66 | 57 | 63 | 65 | 85 | <0.001 |
| Characteristics . | Total population . | Copeptin (pmol/L) in sex-specific quartiles . | P-value . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range, men | <3.96 | ≥3.96–<6.73 | ≥6.73–<12.67 | ≥12.67 | ||
| Range, women | <2.56 | ≥2.56–<4.325 | ≥4.325–<8.525 | ≥8.525 | ||
| Number | 658 | 164 | 165 | 165 | 164 | |
| Male (%) | 56 | – | – | – | – | |
| Age (years) | 55 ± 13 | 54 ± 12 | 54 ± 13 | 54 ± 14 | 56 ± 12 | 0.21 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 33 ± 16 | 31 ± 17 | 31 ± 16 | 32 ± 16 | 38 ± 14 | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25 ± 6 | 24 ± 3 | 25 ± 4 | 26 ± 4 | 26 ± 10 | 0.002 |
| Smokers (%) | 21 | 18 | 17 | 24 | 24 | 0.29 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) HbA1c (%) | 64 ± 13 8.0 ± 1.2 | 61 ± 10 7.7 ± 0.9 | 62 ± 12 7.9 ± 1.1 | 66 ± 13 8.1 ± 1.3 | 68 ± 13 8.3 ± 1.2 | <0.001 |
| UAER (mg/24-h), median (IQR) | 17 (8–68) | 11 (7–29) | 12 (6–30) | 17 (8–47) | 77 (19–355) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 81 ± 26 | 93 ± 14 | 89 ± 21 | 83 ± 23 | 60 ± 28 | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.47 ± 0.75 | 2.48 ± 0.70 | 2.40 ± 0.73 | 2.54 ± 0.76 | 2.45 ± 0.80 | 0.68 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 132 ± 18 | 131 ± 16 | 130 ± 17 | 133 ± 18 | 133 ± 18 | 0.35 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74 ± 9 | 75 ± 8 | 74 ± 9 | 75 ± 10 | 73 ± 11 | 0.27 |
| History of cardiovascular disease (%) | 22 | 16 | 18 | 17 | 34 | 0.001 |
| Retinopathy (%) | 79 | 72 | 79 | 78 | 88 | 0.005 |
| Antihypertensive drugs (%) | 72 | 63 | 66 | 68 | 90 | <0.001 |
| RAAS blockers (%) | 66 | 57 | 63 | 65 | 85 | <0.001 |
The data are presented as mean ± SD unless stsaed otherwise. P-value for difference between sex-specific quartiles of plasma copeptin.
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