Predictors of overall survival controlling for the time‐dependent covariate of surgery
| Predictor . | Hazard ratio (95% CI) . | p value . |
|---|---|---|
| LDH: abnormal vs. normal and missing | 1.98 (1.20–3.26) | .008 |
| Presence of extracranial disease at time of brain metastasis diagnosis: yes vs. no | 4.30 (1.62–11.44) | .004 |
| Number of brain metastasis: 1, 2, and 3 vs. >3 | 0.49 (0.29–0.82) | .007 |
| Radiation: no vs. yes (0 vs. 1) | 2.98 (1.40–6.36) | .005 |
| ECOG PS | ||
| 2, 3, and 4 vs. 0 and 1 | 3.02 (1.61–5.69) | .003 |
| Missing vs. 0 and 1 | 0.99 (0.50–1.94) | |
| Timing of surgery, immunotherapy, and brain metastasis diagnosis | ||
| CNS‐IMTX vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 1.72 (1.00–2.99) | .06 |
| CNS‐IMTX‐SURG vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 0.75 (0.30–1.91) | |
| IMTX‐CNS‐R vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 1.87 (1.004–3.48) |
| Predictor . | Hazard ratio (95% CI) . | p value . |
|---|---|---|
| LDH: abnormal vs. normal and missing | 1.98 (1.20–3.26) | .008 |
| Presence of extracranial disease at time of brain metastasis diagnosis: yes vs. no | 4.30 (1.62–11.44) | .004 |
| Number of brain metastasis: 1, 2, and 3 vs. >3 | 0.49 (0.29–0.82) | .007 |
| Radiation: no vs. yes (0 vs. 1) | 2.98 (1.40–6.36) | .005 |
| ECOG PS | ||
| 2, 3, and 4 vs. 0 and 1 | 3.02 (1.61–5.69) | .003 |
| Missing vs. 0 and 1 | 0.99 (0.50–1.94) | |
| Timing of surgery, immunotherapy, and brain metastasis diagnosis | ||
| CNS‐IMTX vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 1.72 (1.00–2.99) | .06 |
| CNS‐IMTX‐SURG vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 0.75 (0.30–1.91) | |
| IMTX‐CNS‐R vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 1.87 (1.004–3.48) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CNS‐IMTX, brain metastasis diagnosis followed by immunotherapy; CNS‐IMTX‐SURG, brain metastasis diagnosis followed by immunotherapy and subsequent surgery; CNS‐SURG‐IMTX, brain metastasis diagnosis followed by surgery and subsequent immunotherapy; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; IMTX‐CNS‐R, immunotherapy followed by central nervous system progression regardless of subsequent surgery; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.
Predictors of overall survival controlling for the time‐dependent covariate of surgery
| Predictor . | Hazard ratio (95% CI) . | p value . |
|---|---|---|
| LDH: abnormal vs. normal and missing | 1.98 (1.20–3.26) | .008 |
| Presence of extracranial disease at time of brain metastasis diagnosis: yes vs. no | 4.30 (1.62–11.44) | .004 |
| Number of brain metastasis: 1, 2, and 3 vs. >3 | 0.49 (0.29–0.82) | .007 |
| Radiation: no vs. yes (0 vs. 1) | 2.98 (1.40–6.36) | .005 |
| ECOG PS | ||
| 2, 3, and 4 vs. 0 and 1 | 3.02 (1.61–5.69) | .003 |
| Missing vs. 0 and 1 | 0.99 (0.50–1.94) | |
| Timing of surgery, immunotherapy, and brain metastasis diagnosis | ||
| CNS‐IMTX vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 1.72 (1.00–2.99) | .06 |
| CNS‐IMTX‐SURG vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 0.75 (0.30–1.91) | |
| IMTX‐CNS‐R vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 1.87 (1.004–3.48) |
| Predictor . | Hazard ratio (95% CI) . | p value . |
|---|---|---|
| LDH: abnormal vs. normal and missing | 1.98 (1.20–3.26) | .008 |
| Presence of extracranial disease at time of brain metastasis diagnosis: yes vs. no | 4.30 (1.62–11.44) | .004 |
| Number of brain metastasis: 1, 2, and 3 vs. >3 | 0.49 (0.29–0.82) | .007 |
| Radiation: no vs. yes (0 vs. 1) | 2.98 (1.40–6.36) | .005 |
| ECOG PS | ||
| 2, 3, and 4 vs. 0 and 1 | 3.02 (1.61–5.69) | .003 |
| Missing vs. 0 and 1 | 0.99 (0.50–1.94) | |
| Timing of surgery, immunotherapy, and brain metastasis diagnosis | ||
| CNS‐IMTX vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 1.72 (1.00–2.99) | .06 |
| CNS‐IMTX‐SURG vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 0.75 (0.30–1.91) | |
| IMTX‐CNS‐R vs. CNS‐SURG‐IMTX | 1.87 (1.004–3.48) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CNS‐IMTX, brain metastasis diagnosis followed by immunotherapy; CNS‐IMTX‐SURG, brain metastasis diagnosis followed by immunotherapy and subsequent surgery; CNS‐SURG‐IMTX, brain metastasis diagnosis followed by surgery and subsequent immunotherapy; ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; IMTX‐CNS‐R, immunotherapy followed by central nervous system progression regardless of subsequent surgery; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase.
This PDF is available to Subscribers Only
View Article Abstract & Purchase OptionsFor full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription.
