Table 4. Open in new tab Baseline...

	NAFLD Resolution
Age, y	56.4 (8.0)	57.5 (8.1)	.038
Women, %	73.9	65.1	.004
High education, %^a	66.6	66.8	.951
Current smoker, %	13.0	14.8	.444
Current drinker, %	1.6	4.9	.002
Regular exercise, %	57.8	59.2	.665
Family history of diabetes, %	12.2	9.5	.212
Hypertension (%)	72.1	63.5	.006
Dyslipidemia (%)	61.3	55.9	.105
BMI, kg/m²	27.5 (2.8)	27.1 (2.9)	.012
Waist circumference, cm	88.1 (7.3)	87.5 (7.7)	.257
Systolic BP, mm Hg	145.5 (18.6)	143.2 (18.3)	.062
Diastolic BP, mm Hg	86.1 (10.0)	84.6 (10.2)	.032
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	5.6 (1.2)	5.4 (1.0)	.015
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	3.3 (0.9)	3.2 (1.0)	.045
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	1.2 (0.3)	1.2 (0.3)	.495
Triglycerides, mmol/L	1.9 (1.4-2.7)	1.7 (1.3-2.4)	.047
AST, IU/L	22.3 (19.0-26.8)	21.8 (18.6-26.3)	.157
ALT, IU/L	22.8 (17.5-31.9)	20.0 (14.9-27.2)	< .001
HOMA-IR	2.4 (1.7-3.3)	2.0 (1.5-2.8)	< .001
Fasting insulin, pmol/L	72.2 (52.1-95.5)	60.8 (45.8-84.0)	< .001
Fasting glucose, mmol/L	5.3 (0.6)	5.1 (0.5)	< .001
2-h glucose, mmol/L	7.5 (1.7)	7.0 (1.7)	< .001
HbA_1c, %	5.7 (0.3)	5.6 (0.3)	.051

NAFLD Resolution

Characteristics

No (n = 760)

Yes (n = 304)

Age, y

56.4 (8.0)

57.5 (8.1)

.038

Women, %

73.9

65.1

.004

High education, %^a

66.6

66.8

.951

Current smoker, %

13.0

14.8

.444

Current drinker, %

1.6

4.9

.002

Regular exercise, %

57.8

59.2

.665

Family history of diabetes, %

12.2

9.5

.212

Hypertension (%)

72.1

63.5

.006

Dyslipidemia (%)

61.3

55.9

.105

BMI, kg/m²

27.5 (2.8)

27.1 (2.9)

.012

Waist circumference, cm

88.1 (7.3)

87.5 (7.7)

.257

Systolic BP, mm Hg

145.5 (18.6)

143.2 (18.3)

.062

Diastolic BP, mm Hg

86.1 (10.0)

84.6 (10.2)

.032

Total cholesterol, mmol/L

5.6 (1.2)

5.4 (1.0)

.015

LDL cholesterol, mmol/L

3.3 (0.9)

3.2 (1.0)

.045

HDL cholesterol, mmol/L

1.2 (0.3)

.495

Triglycerides, mmol/L

1.9 (1.4-2.7)

1.7 (1.3-2.4)

.047

AST, IU/L

22.3 (19.0-26.8)

21.8 (18.6-26.3)

.157

ALT, IU/L

22.8 (17.5-31.9)

20.0 (14.9-27.2)

< .001

HOMA-IR

2.4 (1.7-3.3)

2.0 (1.5-2.8)

< .001

Fasting insulin, pmol/L

72.2 (52.1-95.5)

60.8 (45.8-84.0)

< .001

Fasting glucose, mmol/L

5.3 (0.6)

5.1 (0.5)

< .001

2-h glucose, mmol/L

7.5 (1.7)

7.0 (1.7)

< .001

HbA_1c, %

5.7 (0.3)

5.6 (0.3)

.051

	NAFLD Resolution
Age, y	56.4 (8.0)	57.5 (8.1)	.038
Women, %	73.9	65.1	.004
High education, %^a	66.6	66.8	.951
Current smoker, %	13.0	14.8	.444
Current drinker, %	1.6	4.9	.002
Regular exercise, %	57.8	59.2	.665
Family history of diabetes, %	12.2	9.5	.212
Hypertension (%)	72.1	63.5	.006
Dyslipidemia (%)	61.3	55.9	.105
BMI, kg/m²	27.5 (2.8)	27.1 (2.9)	.012
Waist circumference, cm	88.1 (7.3)	87.5 (7.7)	.257
Systolic BP, mm Hg	145.5 (18.6)	143.2 (18.3)	.062
Diastolic BP, mm Hg	86.1 (10.0)	84.6 (10.2)	.032
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	5.6 (1.2)	5.4 (1.0)	.015
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	3.3 (0.9)	3.2 (1.0)	.045
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	1.2 (0.3)	1.2 (0.3)	.495
Triglycerides, mmol/L	1.9 (1.4-2.7)	1.7 (1.3-2.4)	.047
AST, IU/L	22.3 (19.0-26.8)	21.8 (18.6-26.3)	.157
ALT, IU/L	22.8 (17.5-31.9)	20.0 (14.9-27.2)	< .001
HOMA-IR	2.4 (1.7-3.3)	2.0 (1.5-2.8)	< .001
Fasting insulin, pmol/L	72.2 (52.1-95.5)	60.8 (45.8-84.0)	< .001
Fasting glucose, mmol/L	5.3 (0.6)	5.1 (0.5)	< .001
2-h glucose, mmol/L	7.5 (1.7)	7.0 (1.7)	< .001
HbA_1c, %	5.7 (0.3)	5.6 (0.3)	.051

Table 4.

Open in new tab

Baseline characteristics of study participants according to resolution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

	NAFLD Resolution
Characteristics	No (n = 760)	Yes (n = 304)	P
Age, y	56.4 (8.0)	57.5 (8.1)	.038
Women, %	73.9	65.1	.004
High education, %^a	66.6	66.8	.951
Current smoker, %	13.0	14.8	.444
Current drinker, %	1.6	4.9	.002
Regular exercise, %	57.8	59.2	.665
Family history of diabetes, %	12.2	9.5	.212
Hypertension (%)	72.1	63.5	.006
Dyslipidemia (%)	61.3	55.9	.105
BMI, kg/m²	27.5 (2.8)	27.1 (2.9)	.012
Waist circumference, cm	88.1 (7.3)	87.5 (7.7)	.257
Systolic BP, mm Hg	145.5 (18.6)	143.2 (18.3)	.062
Diastolic BP, mm Hg	86.1 (10.0)	84.6 (10.2)	.032
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	5.6 (1.2)	5.4 (1.0)	.015
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	3.3 (0.9)	3.2 (1.0)	.045
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	1.2 (0.3)	1.2 (0.3)	.495
Triglycerides, mmol/L	1.9 (1.4-2.7)	1.7 (1.3-2.4)	.047
AST, IU/L	22.3 (19.0-26.8)	21.8 (18.6-26.3)	.157
ALT, IU/L	22.8 (17.5-31.9)	20.0 (14.9-27.2)	< .001
HOMA-IR	2.4 (1.7-3.3)	2.0 (1.5-2.8)	< .001
Fasting insulin, pmol/L	72.2 (52.1-95.5)	60.8 (45.8-84.0)	< .001
Fasting glucose, mmol/L	5.3 (0.6)	5.1 (0.5)	< .001
2-h glucose, mmol/L	7.5 (1.7)	7.0 (1.7)	< .001
HbA_1c, %	5.7 (0.3)	5.6 (0.3)	.051

	NAFLD Resolution
Characteristics	No (n = 760)	Yes (n = 304)	P
Age, y	56.4 (8.0)	57.5 (8.1)	.038
Women, %	73.9	65.1	.004
High education, %^a	66.6	66.8	.951
Current smoker, %	13.0	14.8	.444
Current drinker, %	1.6	4.9	.002
Regular exercise, %	57.8	59.2	.665
Family history of diabetes, %	12.2	9.5	.212
Hypertension (%)	72.1	63.5	.006
Dyslipidemia (%)	61.3	55.9	.105
BMI, kg/m²	27.5 (2.8)	27.1 (2.9)	.012
Waist circumference, cm	88.1 (7.3)	87.5 (7.7)	.257
Systolic BP, mm Hg	145.5 (18.6)	143.2 (18.3)	.062
Diastolic BP, mm Hg	86.1 (10.0)	84.6 (10.2)	.032
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	5.6 (1.2)	5.4 (1.0)	.015
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	3.3 (0.9)	3.2 (1.0)	.045
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	1.2 (0.3)	1.2 (0.3)	.495
Triglycerides, mmol/L	1.9 (1.4-2.7)	1.7 (1.3-2.4)	.047
AST, IU/L	22.3 (19.0-26.8)	21.8 (18.6-26.3)	.157
ALT, IU/L	22.8 (17.5-31.9)	20.0 (14.9-27.2)	< .001
HOMA-IR	2.4 (1.7-3.3)	2.0 (1.5-2.8)	< .001
Fasting insulin, pmol/L	72.2 (52.1-95.5)	60.8 (45.8-84.0)	< .001
Fasting glucose, mmol/L	5.3 (0.6)	5.1 (0.5)	< .001
2-h glucose, mmol/L	7.5 (1.7)	7.0 (1.7)	< .001
HbA_1c, %	5.7 (0.3)	5.6 (0.3)	.051

Data are mean (SD) or median (interquartile range) or percentage.

Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HbA_1c, hemoglobin A_1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

^aHigh school or above.

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