Table 2 Open in new tab Left atrium...

	Athletes	Non-athletes
LASr (%)	$27.9 \pm 6.4$	$33.5 \pm 4.8$	$28.7 \pm 7.0$	$33.8 \pm 4.9$	0.410	<0.001	0.673
LAScd (%)	$13.4 \pm 4.9$	$15.4 \pm 4.0$	$13.3 \pm 4.0$	$15.3 \pm 4.5$	0.788	<0.001	0.955
LASct (%)	$14.6 \pm 4.5$	$18.1 \pm 4.1$	$15.5 \pm 5.8$	$18.5 \pm 4.0$	0.215	<0.001	0.591
LAEF (%)	$44.3 \pm 9.4$	$50.6 \pm 6.8$	$44.9 \pm 10.6$	$52.2 \pm 6.8$	0.204	<0.001	0.546
LAVI_max (mL/m²)	$52.4 \pm 15.2$	$45.9 \pm 10.8$	$44.3 \pm 11.9$	$38.2 \pm 8.0$	<0.001	<0.001	0.867
LAVI_min (mL/m²)	$29.7 \pm 12.3$	$22.9 \pm 7.2$	$25.0 \pm 10.0$	$18.3 \pm 4.8$	<0.001	<0.001	0.997
LA passive emptying fraction (%)	$29.0 \pm 8.6$	$29.7 \pm 8.1$	$26.1 \pm 9.6$	$30.2 \pm 8.8$	0.247	0.020	0.090
LA active emptying fraction (%)	$25.0 \pm 10.3$	$31.9 \pm 8.9$	$27.8 \pm 12.2$	$34.9 \pm 9.1$	0.013	<0.001	0.970
LA stiffness	$0.31 \pm 0.15$	$0.23 \pm 0.08$	$0.34 \pm 0.25$	$0.26 \pm 0.09$	0.052	<0.001	0.948

Athletes

Non-athletes

No AF

P-value athletes vs. non-athletes

P-value AF vs. No AF

P-value interaction athletic status and AF status

LASr (%)

27.9 \pm 6.4

33.5 \pm 4.8

28.7 \pm 7.0

33.8 \pm 4.9

0.410

<0.001

0.673

LAScd (%)

13.4 \pm 4.9

15.4 \pm 4.0

13.3 \pm 4.0

15.3 \pm 4.5

0.788

<0.001

0.955

LASct (%)

14.6 \pm 4.5

18.1 \pm 4.1

15.5 \pm 5.8

18.5 \pm 4.0

0.215

<0.001

0.591

LAEF (%)

44.3 \pm 9.4

50.6 \pm 6.8

44.9 \pm 10.6

52.2 \pm 6.8

0.204

<0.001

0.546

LAVI_max (mL/m²)

52.4 \pm 15.2

45.9 \pm 10.8

44.3 \pm 11.9

38.2 \pm 8.0

<0.001

0.867

LAVI_min (mL/m²)

29.7 \pm 12.3

22.9 \pm 7.2

25.0 \pm 10.0

18.3 \pm 4.8

<0.001

0.997

LA passive emptying fraction (%)

29.0 \pm 8.6

29.7 \pm 8.1

26.1 \pm 9.6

30.2 \pm 8.8

0.247

0.020

0.090

LA active emptying fraction (%)

25.0 \pm 10.3

31.9 \pm 8.9

27.8 \pm 12.2

34.9 \pm 9.1

0.013

<0.001

0.970

LA stiffness

0.31 \pm 0.15

0.23 \pm 0.08

0.34 \pm 0.25

0.26 \pm 0.09

0.052

<0.001

0.948

	Athletes	Non-athletes
LASr (%)	$27.9 \pm 6.4$	$33.5 \pm 4.8$	$28.7 \pm 7.0$	$33.8 \pm 4.9$	0.410	<0.001	0.673
LAScd (%)	$13.4 \pm 4.9$	$15.4 \pm 4.0$	$13.3 \pm 4.0$	$15.3 \pm 4.5$	0.788	<0.001	0.955
LASct (%)	$14.6 \pm 4.5$	$18.1 \pm 4.1$	$15.5 \pm 5.8$	$18.5 \pm 4.0$	0.215	<0.001	0.591
LAEF (%)	$44.3 \pm 9.4$	$50.6 \pm 6.8$	$44.9 \pm 10.6$	$52.2 \pm 6.8$	0.204	<0.001	0.546
LAVI_max (mL/m²)	$52.4 \pm 15.2$	$45.9 \pm 10.8$	$44.3 \pm 11.9$	$38.2 \pm 8.0$	<0.001	<0.001	0.867
LAVI_min (mL/m²)	$29.7 \pm 12.3$	$22.9 \pm 7.2$	$25.0 \pm 10.0$	$18.3 \pm 4.8$	<0.001	<0.001	0.997
LA passive emptying fraction (%)	$29.0 \pm 8.6$	$29.7 \pm 8.1$	$26.1 \pm 9.6$	$30.2 \pm 8.8$	0.247	0.020	0.090
LA active emptying fraction (%)	$25.0 \pm 10.3$	$31.9 \pm 8.9$	$27.8 \pm 12.2$	$34.9 \pm 9.1$	0.013	<0.001	0.970
LA stiffness	$0.31 \pm 0.15$	$0.23 \pm 0.08$	$0.34 \pm 0.25$	$0.26 \pm 0.09$	0.052	<0.001	0.948

Table 2

Open in new tab

Left atrium echocardiographic values

P-value interaction athletic status and AF status

	Athletes		Non-athletes
	AF	No AF	AF	No AF	P-value athletes vs. non-athletes	P-value AF vs. No AF	P-value interaction athletic status and AF status
LASr (%)	$27.9 \pm 6.4$	$33.5 \pm 4.8$	$28.7 \pm 7.0$	$33.8 \pm 4.9$	0.410	<0.001	0.673
LAScd (%)	$13.4 \pm 4.9$	$15.4 \pm 4.0$	$13.3 \pm 4.0$	$15.3 \pm 4.5$	0.788	<0.001	0.955
LASct (%)	$14.6 \pm 4.5$	$18.1 \pm 4.1$	$15.5 \pm 5.8$	$18.5 \pm 4.0$	0.215	<0.001	0.591
LAEF (%)	$44.3 \pm 9.4$	$50.6 \pm 6.8$	$44.9 \pm 10.6$	$52.2 \pm 6.8$	0.204	<0.001	0.546
LAVI_max (mL/m²)	$52.4 \pm 15.2$	$45.9 \pm 10.8$	$44.3 \pm 11.9$	$38.2 \pm 8.0$	<0.001	<0.001	0.867
LAVI_min (mL/m²)	$29.7 \pm 12.3$	$22.9 \pm 7.2$	$25.0 \pm 10.0$	$18.3 \pm 4.8$	<0.001	<0.001	0.997
LA passive emptying fraction (%)	$29.0 \pm 8.6$	$29.7 \pm 8.1$	$26.1 \pm 9.6$	$30.2 \pm 8.8$	0.247	0.020	0.090
LA active emptying fraction (%)	$25.0 \pm 10.3$	$31.9 \pm 8.9$	$27.8 \pm 12.2$	$34.9 \pm 9.1$	0.013	<0.001	0.970
LA stiffness	$0.31 \pm 0.15$	$0.23 \pm 0.08$	$0.34 \pm 0.25$	$0.26 \pm 0.09$	0.052	<0.001	0.948

	Athletes		Non-athletes
	AF	No AF	AF	No AF	P-value athletes vs. non-athletes	P-value AF vs. No AF	P-value interaction athletic status and AF status
LASr (%)	$27.9 \pm 6.4$	$33.5 \pm 4.8$	$28.7 \pm 7.0$	$33.8 \pm 4.9$	0.410	<0.001	0.673
LAScd (%)	$13.4 \pm 4.9$	$15.4 \pm 4.0$	$13.3 \pm 4.0$	$15.3 \pm 4.5$	0.788	<0.001	0.955
LASct (%)	$14.6 \pm 4.5$	$18.1 \pm 4.1$	$15.5 \pm 5.8$	$18.5 \pm 4.0$	0.215	<0.001	0.591
LAEF (%)	$44.3 \pm 9.4$	$50.6 \pm 6.8$	$44.9 \pm 10.6$	$52.2 \pm 6.8$	0.204	<0.001	0.546
LAVI_max (mL/m²)	$52.4 \pm 15.2$	$45.9 \pm 10.8$	$44.3 \pm 11.9$	$38.2 \pm 8.0$	<0.001	<0.001	0.867
LAVI_min (mL/m²)	$29.7 \pm 12.3$	$22.9 \pm 7.2$	$25.0 \pm 10.0$	$18.3 \pm 4.8$	<0.001	<0.001	0.997
LA passive emptying fraction (%)	$29.0 \pm 8.6$	$29.7 \pm 8.1$	$26.1 \pm 9.6$	$30.2 \pm 8.8$	0.247	0.020	0.090
LA active emptying fraction (%)	$25.0 \pm 10.3$	$31.9 \pm 8.9$	$27.8 \pm 12.2$	$34.9 \pm 9.1$	0.013	<0.001	0.970
LA stiffness	$0.31 \pm 0.15$	$0.23 \pm 0.08$	$0.34 \pm 0.25$	$0.26 \pm 0.09$	0.052	<0.001	0.948

Values are expressed as mean $\pm$ SD. Two-way between groups analysis of variance was conducted. P-values for the main effects of athletic status and AF status as well as the interaction are presented in the table.

LA, left atrial; LAEF, left atrial ejection fraction; LAScd, Left atrial conduit strain; LASct, Left atrial contractile strain; LASr, Left atrial reservoir strain; LAVI_max, maximum left atrial volume index; LAVI_min, minimum left atrial volume index.

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