Baseline Characteristics of Participating Index Cases and Household Contacts
| Characteristic . | Index Cases (N = 95) . | Household Contacts (N = 177) . |
|---|---|---|
| Female sex, n (%) | 37 (39) | 110 (62) |
| Age, median (range), years | 71 (3–91) | 43 (0–95) |
| Charlson score, n (%) | ||
| 0 | 29 (31) | 161 (91) |
| 1–2 | 40 (42) | 15 (8) |
| 3–4 | 15 (16) | 1 (1) |
| ≥5 | 11 (12) | 0 (0) |
| Receipt of antibiotics in prior 6 months, n (%) | 82 (86) | 28 (16) |
| Travel in prior year, n (%) | ||
| Indian subcontinent | 68 (72) | 80 (45) |
| Other countries (except United States/northern Europe) | 11 (12) | 15 (8) |
| None or United States/northern Europe | 16 (17) | 82 (46) |
| Hospitalization in prior year, n (%) | ||
| Abroad | 59 (62) | 3 (2) |
| In Canada | 24 (25) | 13 (7) |
| None | 12 (13) | 161 (91) |
| Index case-specific characteristics | ||
| Number of participating household contacts, median (range) | 1 (1–8) | NA |
| Time from first CPE identification to household enrollment, median (IQR), days | 59 (35–129) | NA |
| CPE species, n (%) | NA | |
| Escherichia coli | 61 (64) | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 24 (25) | |
| Othera | 10 (11) | |
| Carbapenemase produced, n (%) | ||
| NDM | 55 (58) | NA |
| OXA-48–like | 28 (29) | |
| NDM/OXA-48–like | 5 (5) | |
| KPC | 5 (5) | |
| VIM | 2 (2) | |
| Prestudy exposure of household contacts to index cases, median (IQR), days | 97 (51–215) | NA |
| Number of index cases that remained CPE-colonized at enrollment, n (%) | 61 (64) | NA |
| Household contact-specific characteristics | ||
| Relationship to index case, n (%) | ||
| Spouse | NA | 56 (32) |
| Parent | 16 (9) | |
| Child or child-in-law | 60 (34) | |
| Grandchild | 31 (18) | |
| Otherb | 14 (8) |
| Characteristic . | Index Cases (N = 95) . | Household Contacts (N = 177) . |
|---|---|---|
| Female sex, n (%) | 37 (39) | 110 (62) |
| Age, median (range), years | 71 (3–91) | 43 (0–95) |
| Charlson score, n (%) | ||
| 0 | 29 (31) | 161 (91) |
| 1–2 | 40 (42) | 15 (8) |
| 3–4 | 15 (16) | 1 (1) |
| ≥5 | 11 (12) | 0 (0) |
| Receipt of antibiotics in prior 6 months, n (%) | 82 (86) | 28 (16) |
| Travel in prior year, n (%) | ||
| Indian subcontinent | 68 (72) | 80 (45) |
| Other countries (except United States/northern Europe) | 11 (12) | 15 (8) |
| None or United States/northern Europe | 16 (17) | 82 (46) |
| Hospitalization in prior year, n (%) | ||
| Abroad | 59 (62) | 3 (2) |
| In Canada | 24 (25) | 13 (7) |
| None | 12 (13) | 161 (91) |
| Index case-specific characteristics | ||
| Number of participating household contacts, median (range) | 1 (1–8) | NA |
| Time from first CPE identification to household enrollment, median (IQR), days | 59 (35–129) | NA |
| CPE species, n (%) | NA | |
| Escherichia coli | 61 (64) | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 24 (25) | |
| Othera | 10 (11) | |
| Carbapenemase produced, n (%) | ||
| NDM | 55 (58) | NA |
| OXA-48–like | 28 (29) | |
| NDM/OXA-48–like | 5 (5) | |
| KPC | 5 (5) | |
| VIM | 2 (2) | |
| Prestudy exposure of household contacts to index cases, median (IQR), days | 97 (51–215) | NA |
| Number of index cases that remained CPE-colonized at enrollment, n (%) | 61 (64) | NA |
| Household contact-specific characteristics | ||
| Relationship to index case, n (%) | ||
| Spouse | NA | 56 (32) |
| Parent | 16 (9) | |
| Child or child-in-law | 60 (34) | |
| Grandchild | 31 (18) | |
| Otherb | 14 (8) |
Abbreviations: CPE, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable.
aEnterobacter spp. (7), Providencia rettgeri (1), Morganella morganii (1), Citrobacter freundii (1).
bSibling (4), caregiver (2), child’s parent-in-law (2), cousin (1), fiancé (1), nephew (1), parent-in-law (1), child-in-law’s parent (1), grandchild’s spouse (1).
Baseline Characteristics of Participating Index Cases and Household Contacts
| Characteristic . | Index Cases (N = 95) . | Household Contacts (N = 177) . |
|---|---|---|
| Female sex, n (%) | 37 (39) | 110 (62) |
| Age, median (range), years | 71 (3–91) | 43 (0–95) |
| Charlson score, n (%) | ||
| 0 | 29 (31) | 161 (91) |
| 1–2 | 40 (42) | 15 (8) |
| 3–4 | 15 (16) | 1 (1) |
| ≥5 | 11 (12) | 0 (0) |
| Receipt of antibiotics in prior 6 months, n (%) | 82 (86) | 28 (16) |
| Travel in prior year, n (%) | ||
| Indian subcontinent | 68 (72) | 80 (45) |
| Other countries (except United States/northern Europe) | 11 (12) | 15 (8) |
| None or United States/northern Europe | 16 (17) | 82 (46) |
| Hospitalization in prior year, n (%) | ||
| Abroad | 59 (62) | 3 (2) |
| In Canada | 24 (25) | 13 (7) |
| None | 12 (13) | 161 (91) |
| Index case-specific characteristics | ||
| Number of participating household contacts, median (range) | 1 (1–8) | NA |
| Time from first CPE identification to household enrollment, median (IQR), days | 59 (35–129) | NA |
| CPE species, n (%) | NA | |
| Escherichia coli | 61 (64) | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 24 (25) | |
| Othera | 10 (11) | |
| Carbapenemase produced, n (%) | ||
| NDM | 55 (58) | NA |
| OXA-48–like | 28 (29) | |
| NDM/OXA-48–like | 5 (5) | |
| KPC | 5 (5) | |
| VIM | 2 (2) | |
| Prestudy exposure of household contacts to index cases, median (IQR), days | 97 (51–215) | NA |
| Number of index cases that remained CPE-colonized at enrollment, n (%) | 61 (64) | NA |
| Household contact-specific characteristics | ||
| Relationship to index case, n (%) | ||
| Spouse | NA | 56 (32) |
| Parent | 16 (9) | |
| Child or child-in-law | 60 (34) | |
| Grandchild | 31 (18) | |
| Otherb | 14 (8) |
| Characteristic . | Index Cases (N = 95) . | Household Contacts (N = 177) . |
|---|---|---|
| Female sex, n (%) | 37 (39) | 110 (62) |
| Age, median (range), years | 71 (3–91) | 43 (0–95) |
| Charlson score, n (%) | ||
| 0 | 29 (31) | 161 (91) |
| 1–2 | 40 (42) | 15 (8) |
| 3–4 | 15 (16) | 1 (1) |
| ≥5 | 11 (12) | 0 (0) |
| Receipt of antibiotics in prior 6 months, n (%) | 82 (86) | 28 (16) |
| Travel in prior year, n (%) | ||
| Indian subcontinent | 68 (72) | 80 (45) |
| Other countries (except United States/northern Europe) | 11 (12) | 15 (8) |
| None or United States/northern Europe | 16 (17) | 82 (46) |
| Hospitalization in prior year, n (%) | ||
| Abroad | 59 (62) | 3 (2) |
| In Canada | 24 (25) | 13 (7) |
| None | 12 (13) | 161 (91) |
| Index case-specific characteristics | ||
| Number of participating household contacts, median (range) | 1 (1–8) | NA |
| Time from first CPE identification to household enrollment, median (IQR), days | 59 (35–129) | NA |
| CPE species, n (%) | NA | |
| Escherichia coli | 61 (64) | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 24 (25) | |
| Othera | 10 (11) | |
| Carbapenemase produced, n (%) | ||
| NDM | 55 (58) | NA |
| OXA-48–like | 28 (29) | |
| NDM/OXA-48–like | 5 (5) | |
| KPC | 5 (5) | |
| VIM | 2 (2) | |
| Prestudy exposure of household contacts to index cases, median (IQR), days | 97 (51–215) | NA |
| Number of index cases that remained CPE-colonized at enrollment, n (%) | 61 (64) | NA |
| Household contact-specific characteristics | ||
| Relationship to index case, n (%) | ||
| Spouse | NA | 56 (32) |
| Parent | 16 (9) | |
| Child or child-in-law | 60 (34) | |
| Grandchild | 31 (18) | |
| Otherb | 14 (8) |
Abbreviations: CPE, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable.
aEnterobacter spp. (7), Providencia rettgeri (1), Morganella morganii (1), Citrobacter freundii (1).
bSibling (4), caregiver (2), child’s parent-in-law (2), cousin (1), fiancé (1), nephew (1), parent-in-law (1), child-in-law’s parent (1), grandchild’s spouse (1).
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