Table 1

Synthetic Control Results for the Association Between Implementation of the Mental Health Services Act and Cause-Specific Mortality, California, 1976–2015

Cause of Death
SuicideHomicideAcute Alcohol Effects
AttributeNo.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
No.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
No.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
Control pool size, no. of statesa504134
Observed no. of deaths postintervention38,60410.2820,4935.489,8662.63
Predicted no. of deaths postintervention without MHSA37,0859.8723,5686.2911,2252.98
Cause of Death
SuicideHomicideAcute Alcohol Effects
AttributeNo.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
No.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
No.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
Control pool size, no. of statesa504134
Observed no. of deaths postintervention38,60410.2820,4935.489,8662.63
Predicted no. of deaths postintervention without MHSA37,0859.8723,5686.2911,2252.98

Abbreviation: MHSA, Mental Health Services Act.

a States were excluded from the control donor pool if they had fewer than 20 reported deaths from the specified cause in any year.

Table 1

Synthetic Control Results for the Association Between Implementation of the Mental Health Services Act and Cause-Specific Mortality, California, 1976–2015

Cause of Death
SuicideHomicideAcute Alcohol Effects
AttributeNo.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
No.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
No.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
Control pool size, no. of statesa504134
Observed no. of deaths postintervention38,60410.2820,4935.489,8662.63
Predicted no. of deaths postintervention without MHSA37,0859.8723,5686.2911,2252.98
Cause of Death
SuicideHomicideAcute Alcohol Effects
AttributeNo.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
No.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
No.Rate per  
100,000 Persons
Control pool size, no. of statesa504134
Observed no. of deaths postintervention38,60410.2820,4935.489,8662.63
Predicted no. of deaths postintervention without MHSA37,0859.8723,5686.2911,2252.98

Abbreviation: MHSA, Mental Health Services Act.

a States were excluded from the control donor pool if they had fewer than 20 reported deaths from the specified cause in any year.

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